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NAME

Data::Validate::IP - ipv4 and ipv6 validation methods

VERSION

version 0.15

SYNOPSIS

  use Data::Validate::IP qw(is_ipv4 is_ipv6);

  if(is_ipv4($suspect)){
        print "Looks like an ipv4 address";
  } else {
        print "Not an ipv4 address\n";
  }

  if(is_ipv6($suspect)){
        print "Looks like an ipv6 address";
  } else {
        print "Not an ipv6 address\n";
  }


  # or as an object
  my $v = Data::Validate::IP->new();

  die "not an ipv4 ip" unless ($v->is_ipv4('domain.com'));

  die "not an ipv6 ip" unless ($v->is_ipv6('domain.com'));

DESCRIPTION

This module collects ip validation routines to make input validation, and untainting easier and more readable.

All functions return an untainted value if the test passes, and undef if it fails. This means that you should always check for a defined status explicitly. Don't assume the return will be true. (e.g. is_username('0'))

The value to test is always the first (and often only) argument.

All of the functions below are exported by default.

FUNCTIONS

new - constructor for OO usage
  $obj = Data::Validate::IP->new();
Description

Returns a Data::Validator::IP object. This lets you access all the validator function calls as methods without importing them into your namespace or using the clumsy Data::Validate::IP::function_name() format.

Arguments

None

Returns

Returns a Data::Validate::IP object

is_ipv4 - does the value look like an ip v4 address?
  is_ipv4($value);
  or
  $obj->is_ipv4($value);
Description

Returns the untainted ip address if the test value appears to be a well-formed ip address.

Arguments
$value

The potential ip to test.

Returns

Returns the untainted ip on success, undef on failure.

Notes, Exceptions, & Bugs

The function does not make any attempt to check whether an ip actually exists. It only looks to see that the format is appropriate.

is_ipv6 - does the value look like an ip v6 address?
  is_ipv6($value);
Description

Returns the untainted ip address if the test value appears to be a well-formed ip address.

Arguments
$value

The potential ip to test.

Returns

Returns the untainted ip on success, undef on failure.

Notes, Exceptions, & Bugs

The function does not make any attempt to check whether an ip actually exists. It only looks to see that the format is appropriate.

is_innet_ipv4 - is it a valid ipv4 address in the network specified
  is_innet_ipv4($value,$network);
  or
  $obj->is_innet_ipv4($value,$network);
Description

Returns the untainted ip address if the test value appears to be a well-formed ip address inside of the network specified

Arguments
$value

The potential ip to test.

$network

The potential network the IP must be a part of. Functionality uses Net::Netmask and should be in the form:

       '216.240.32.0/24'               The preferred form.

       '216.240.32.0:255.255.255.0'
       '216.240.32.0-255.255.255.0'
       '216.240.32.0 - 216.240.32.255'
       '216.240.32.4'                  A /32 block.

       '216.240.32'                    Always a /24 block.

       '216.240'                       Always a /16 block.

       '140'                           Always a /8 block.

       '216.240.32/24'
       '216.240/16'
       'default'                       0.0.0.0/0 (the default route)

       '216.240.32.0#0.0.31.255'       A hostmask (as used by Cisco
                                       access-lists).

Examples taken from Net::Netmask documentation. For more advanced network matching needs please see Net::Netmask.

Returns

Returns the untainted ip on success, undef on failure.

Notes, Exceptions, & Bugs

The function does not make any attempt to check whether an ip actually exists.

is_private_ipv4 - is it a valid private ipv4 address
  is_private_ipv4($value);
  or
  $obj->is_private_ipv4($value);
Description

Returns the untainted ip address if the test value appears to be a well-formed private ip address.

Arguments
$value

The potential ip to test.

Returns

Returns the untainted ip on success, undef on failure.

Notes, Exceptions, & Bugs

The function does not make any attempt to check whether an ip actually exists.

From RFC 5735
   10.0.0.0/8 - This block is set aside for use in private networks.
   Its intended use is documented in [RFC1918].  Addresses within this
   block should not appear on the public Internet.

   172.16.0.0/12 - This block is set aside for use in private networks.
   Its intended use is documented in [RFC1918].  Addresses within this
   block should not appear on the public Internet.

   192.168.0.0/16 - This block is set aside for use in private networks.
   Its intended use is documented in [RFC1918].  Addresses within this
   block should not appear on the public Internet.
is_loopback_ipv4 - is it a valid loopback ipv4 address
  is_loopback_ipv4($value);
  or
  $obj->is_loopback_ipv4($value);
Description

Returns the untainted ip address if the test value appears to be a well-formed loopback ip address.

Arguments
$value

The potential ip to test.

Returns

Returns the untainted ip on success, undef on failure.

Notes, Exceptions, & Bugs

The function does not make any attempt to check whether an ip actually exists.

From RFC 5735
   127.0.0.0/8 - This block is assigned for use as the Internet host
   loopback address.  A datagram sent by a higher level protocol to an
   address anywhere within this block should loop back inside the host.
   This is ordinarily implemented using only 127.0.0.1/32 for loopback,
   but no addresses within this block should ever appear on any network
   anywhere [RFC1700, page 5].
is_testnet_ipv4 - is it a valid testnet ipv4 address
  is_testnet_ipv4($value);
  or
  $obj->is_testnet_ipv4($value);
Description

Returns the untainted ip address if the test value appears to be a well-formed testnet ip address.

Arguments
$value

The potential ip to test.

Returns

Returns the untainted ip on success, undef on failure.

Notes, Exceptions, & Bugs

The function does not make any attempt to check whether an ip actually exists.

From RFC 5735
   192.0.2.0/24 - This block is assigned as "TEST-NET" for use in
   documentation and example code.  It is often used in conjunction with
   domain names example.com or example.net in vendor and protocol
   documentation.  Addresses within this block should not appear on the
   public Internet.
is_multicast_ipv4 - is it a valid multicast ipv4 address
  is_multicast_ipv4($value);
  or
  $obj->is_multicast_ipv4($value);
Description

Returns the untainted ip address if the test value appears to be a well-formed multicast ip address.

Arguments
$value

The potential ip to test.

Returns

Returns the untainted ip on success, undef on failure.

Notes, Exceptions, & Bugs

The function does not make any attempt to check whether an ip actually exists.

From RFC 5735
   224.0.0.0/4 - This block, formerly known as the Class D address
   space, is allocated for use in IPv4 multicast address assignments.
   The IANA guidelines for assignments from this space are described in
   [RFC3171].
  is_linklocal_ipv4($value);
  or
  $obj->is_linklocal_ipv4($value);
Description

Returns the untainted ip address if the test value appears to be a well-formed link-local ip address.

Arguments
$value

The potential ip to test.

Returns

Returns the untainted ip on success, undef on failure.

Notes, Exceptions, & Bugs

The function does not make any attempt to check whether an ip actually exists.

From RFC 5735
   169.254.0.0/16 - This is the "link local" block.  It is allocated for
   communication between hosts on a single link.  Hosts obtain these
   addresses by auto-configuration, such as when a DHCP server may not
   be found.
is_unroutable_ipv4 - is it a valid unroutable ipv4 address
  is_unroutable_ipv4($value);
  or
  $obj->is_unroutable_ipv4($value);
Description

Returns the untainted ip address if the test value appears to be a well-formed unroutable ip address.

Arguments
$value

The potential ip to test.

Returns

Returns the untainted ip on success, undef on failure.

Notes, Exceptions, & Bugs

The function does not make any attempt to check whether an ip actually exists.

From RFC 5375
   0.0.0.0/8 - Addresses in this block refer to source hosts on "this"
   network.  Address 0.0.0.0/32 may be used as a source address for this
   host on this network; other addresses within 0.0.0.0/8 may be used to
   refer to specified hosts on this network ([RFC1122], Section
   3.2.1.3).

   192.0.0.0/24 - This block is reserved for IETF protocol assignments.
   At the time of writing this document, there are no current
   assignments.  Allocation policy for future assignments is given in
   [RFC5736].

   198.18.0.0/15 - This block has been allocated for use in benchmark
   tests of network interconnect devices.  [RFC2544] explains that this
   range was assigned to minimize the chance of conflict in case a
   testing device were to be accidentally connected to part of the
   Internet.  Packets with source addresses from this range are not
   meant to be forwarded across the Internet.

   198.51.100.0/24 - This block is assigned as "TEST-NET-2" for use in
   documentation and example code.  It is often used in conjunction with
   domain names example.com or example.net in vendor and protocol
   documentation.  As described in [RFC5737], addresses within this
   block do not legitimately appear on the public Internet and can be
   used without any coordination with IANA or an Internet registry.

   203.0.113.0/24 - This block is assigned as "TEST-NET-3" for use in
   documentation and example code.  It is often used in conjunction with
   domain names example.com or example.net in vendor and protocol
   documentation.  As described in [RFC5737], addresses within this
   block do not legitimately appear on the public Internet and can be
   used without any coordination with IANA or an Internet registry.

   240.0.0.0/4 - This block, formerly known as the Class E address
   space, is reserved for future use; see [RFC1112], Section 4.
is_public_ipv4 - is it a valid public ipv4 address
  is_public_ipv4($value);
  or
  $obj->is_public_ipv4($value);
Description

Returns the untainted ip address if the test value appears to be a well-formed public ip address.

Arguments
$value

The potential ip to test.

Returns

Returns the untainted ip on success, undef on failure.

Notes, Exceptions, & Bugs

The function does not make any attempt to check whether an ip actually exists or could truly route. This is true for any non- private/testnet/loopback ip.

is_private_ipv6 - is it a valid private ipv6 address
  is_private_ipv6($value);
  or
  $obj->is_private_ipv6($value);
Description

Returns the untainted ip address if the test value appears to be a well-formed private ip address.

Arguments
$value

The potential ip to test.

Returns

Returns the untainted ip on success, undef on failure.

Notes, Exceptions, & Bugs

The function does not make any attempt to check whether an ip actually exists.

From RFC 4193
   The default behavior of exterior routing protocol sessions between
   administrative routing regions must be to ignore receipt of and not
   advertise prefixes in the FC00::/7 block.  A network operator may
   specifically configure prefixes longer than FC00::/7 for inter-site
   communication.
is_loopback_ipv6 - is it a valid loopback ipv6 address
  is_loopback_ipv6($value);
  or
  $obj->is_loopback_ipv6($value);
Description

Returns the untainted ip address if the test value appears to be a well-formed loopback ip address.

Arguments
$value

The potential ip to test.

Returns

Returns the untainted ip on success, undef on failure.

Notes, Exceptions, & Bugs

The function does not make any attempt to check whether an ip actually exists.

From RFC 4291
   The unicast address 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1 is called the loopback address.
   It may be used by a node to send an IPv6 packet to itself.  It must
   not be assigned to any physical interface.  It is treated as having
   Link-Local scope, and may be thought of as the Link-Local unicast
   address of a virtual interface (typically called the "loopback
   interface") to an imaginary link that goes nowhere.
is_multicast_ipv6 - is it a valid multicast ipv6 address
  is_multicast_ipv6($value);
  or
  $obj->is_multicast_ipv6($value);
Description

Returns the untainted ip address if the test value appears to be a well-formed multicast ip address.

Arguments
$value

The potential ip to test.

Returns

Returns the untainted ip on success, undef on failure.

Notes, Exceptions, & Bugs

The function does not make any attempt to check whether an ip actually exists.

From RFC 4291
   An IPv6 multicast address is an identifier for a group of interfaces
   (typically on different nodes).  An interface may belong to any
   number of multicast groups.  Multicast addresses have the following
   format:

   |   8    |  4 |  4 |                  112 bits                   |
   +------ -+----+----+---------------------------------------------+
   |11111111|flgs|scop|                  group ID                   |
   +--------+----+----+---------------------------------------------+
  is_linklocal_ipv6($value);
  or
  $obj->is_linklocal_ipv6($value);
Description

Returns the untainted ip address if the test value appears to be a well-formed link-local ip address.

Arguments
$value

The potential ip to test.

Returns

Returns the untainted ip on success, undef on failure.

Notes, Exceptions, & Bugs

The function does not make any attempt to check whether an ip actually exists.

From RFC 4291
   Link-Local addresses are for use on a single link.  Link-Local
   addresses have the following format:

   |   10     |
   |  bits    |         54 bits         |          64 bits           |
   +----------+-------------------------+----------------------------+
   |1111111010|           0             |       interface ID         |
   +----------+-------------------------+----------------------------+

   Link-Local addresses are designed to be used for addressing on a
   single link for purposes such as automatic address configuration,
   neighbor discovery, or when no routers are present.
is_special_ipv6 - is it a valid special purpose ipv6 address
  is_special_ipv6($value);
  or
  $obj->is_special_ipv6($value);
Description

Returns the untainted ip address if the test value appears to be a well-formed special purpose ip address.

Arguments
$value

The potential ip to test.

Returns

Returns the untainted ip on success, undef on failure.

Notes, Exceptions, & Bugs

The function does not make any attempt to check whether an ip actually exists.

From RFC 2928
   The block of Sub-TLA IDs assigned to the IANA (i.e., 2001:0000::/29 -
   2001:01F8::/29) is for assignment for testing and experimental usage
   to support activities such as the 6bone, and for new approaches like
   exchanges.

The whole block of special IPv6 addresses can be written simple as 2001::/23.

SEE ALSO

IPv4

[RFC 5735] [RFC 1918]

IPv6

[RFC 2460] [RFC 4193] [RFC 4291] [RFC 6434]

Data::Validate(3)
Net::Netmask(3)

IPv6

IPv6 Support is new, please test it thoroughly and report any bugs.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Thanks to Richard Sonnen <sonnen@richardsonnen.com> for writing the Data::Validate module.

Thanks to Matt Dainty <matt@bodgit-n-scarper.com> for adding the is_multicast_ipv4 and is_linklocal_ipv4 code.

AUTHORS

  • Neil Neely <neil@neely.cx>

  • Dave Rolsky <autarch@urth.org>

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

This software is copyright (c) 2013 by Neil Neely.

This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as the Perl 5 programming language system itself.