package Mac::PropertyList::ReadBinary;
use strict;
use warnings;

use vars qw( $VERSION );

use Carp;
use Data::Dumper;
use Encode            qw(decode);
use Mac::PropertyList;
use Math::BigInt;
use MIME::Base64      qw(decode_base64);
use POSIX             qw(SEEK_END SEEK_SET);
use XML::Entities     ();

$VERSION = '1.41';

__PACKAGE__->_run( @ARGV ) unless caller;

=encoding utf8

=head1 NAME

Mac::PropertyList::ReadBinary - read binary property list files

=head1 SYNOPSIS

	# use directly
	use Mac::PropertyList::ReadBinary;

	my $parser = Mac::PropertyList::ReadBinary->new( $file );

	my $plist = $parser->plist;

	# use indirectly, automatically selects right reader
	use Mac::PropertyList;

	my $plist = parse_plist_file( $file );

=head1 DESCRIPTION

This module is a low-level interface to the Mac OS X Property List
(plist) format. You probably shouldn't use this in
applications—build interfaces on top of this so you don't have to
put all the heinous multi-level object stuff where people have to look
at it.

You can parse a plist file and get back a data structure. You can take
that data structure and get back the plist as XML (but not binary
yet). If you want to change the structure inbetween that's your
business. :)

See C<Mac::PropertyList> for more details.

=head2 Methods

=over 4

=item new( FILENAME | SCALAR_REF | FILEHANDLE )

Opens the data source, doing the right thing for filenames,
scalar references, or a filehandle.

=cut

sub new {
	my( $class, $source ) = @_;

	my $self = bless { source => $source }, $class;

	$self->_read;

	$self;
	}

sub _source          { $_[0]->{source}             }
sub _fh              { $_[0]->{fh}                 }
sub _trailer         { $_[0]->{trailer}            }
sub _offsets         { $_[0]->{offsets}            }
sub _object_ref_size { $_[0]->_trailer->{ref_size} }

=item plist

Returns the C<Mac::PropertyList> data structure.

=cut

sub plist            { $_[0]->{parsed}             }

sub _object_size
	{
	$_[0]->_trailer->{object_count} * $_[0]->_trailer->{offset_size}
	}

sub _read {
	my( $self, $thingy ) = @_;

	$self->{fh} = $self->_get_filehandle;
	$self->_read_plist_trailer;

	$self->_get_offset_table;

    my $top = $self->_read_object_at_offset( $self->_trailer->{top_object} );

    $self->{parsed} = $top;
	}

sub _get_filehandle {
	my( $self, $thingy ) = @_;

	my $fh;

	if( ! ref $self->_source ) { # filename
		open $fh, "<", $self->_source
			or die "Could not open [@{[$self->_source]}]! $!";
		}
	elsif( ref $self->_source eq ref \ ''  ) { # scalar ref
		open $fh, "<", $self->_source or croak "Could not open file! $!";
		}
	elsif( ref $self->_source ) { # filehandle
		$fh = $self->_source;
		}
	else {
		croak( 'No source to read from!' );
		}

	$fh;
	}

sub _read_plist_trailer
	{
	my $self = shift;

	seek $self->_fh, -32, SEEK_END;

	my $buffer;
	read $self->_fh, $buffer, 32;
	my %hash;

	@hash{ qw( offset_size ref_size object_count top_object table_offset ) }
		= unpack "x6 C C (x4 N)3", $buffer;

	$self->{trailer} = \%hash;
	}

sub _get_offset_table
	{
	my $self = shift;

    seek $self->_fh, $self->_trailer->{table_offset}, SEEK_SET;

	my $try_to_read = $self->_object_size;

    my $raw_offset_table;
    my $read = read $self->_fh, $raw_offset_table, $try_to_read;

	croak "reading offset table failed!" unless $read == $try_to_read;

    my @offsets = unpack ["","C*","n*","(H6)*","N*"]->[$self->_trailer->{offset_size}], $raw_offset_table;

	$self->{offsets} = \@offsets;

    if( $self->_trailer->{offset_size} == 3 )
    	{
		@offsets = map { hex } @offsets;
   	 	}

	}

sub _read_object_at_offset {
	my( $self, $offset ) = @_;

	my @caller = caller(1);

    seek $self->_fh, ${ $self->_offsets }[$offset], SEEK_SET;

    $self->_read_object;
	}

# # # # # # # # # # # # # #

BEGIN {

my %singletons = (
    0 => undef,
    8 => Mac::PropertyList::false->new(),
    9 => Mac::PropertyList::true->new(),

    # 15 is also defined (as "fill") in the comments to Apple's
    # implementation in CFBinaryPList.c but Apple's actual code has no
    # support for it at all, either reading or writing, so it's
    # probably not important to implement.

);

my $type_readers = {

	0 => sub { # the odd balls
		my( $self, $length ) = @_;

		return $singletons{ $length } if exists $singletons{ $length };
		
		croak ( sprintf "Unknown type byte %02X\n", $length );
    	},

	1 => sub { # integers
		my( $self, $length ) = @_;
		croak "Integer > 8 bytes = $length" if $length > 3;

		my $byte_length = 1 << $length;

		my( $buffer, $value );
		read $self->_fh, $buffer, $byte_length;

		my @formats = qw( C n N NN );
		my @values = unpack $formats[$length], $buffer;

		if( $length == 3 )
			{
			my( $high, $low ) = @values;

			my $b = Math::BigInt->new($high)->blsft(32)->bior($low);
			if( $b->bcmp(Math::BigInt->new(2)->bpow(63)) > 0)
				{
				$b -= Math::BigInt->new(2)->bpow(64);
				}

			@values = ( $b );
			}

		return Mac::PropertyList::integer->new( $values[0] );
		},

	2 => sub { # reals
		my( $self, $length ) = @_;
		croak "Real > 8 bytes" if $length > 3;
		croak "Bad length [$length]" if $length < 2;

		my $byte_length = 1 << $length;

		my( $buffer, $value );
		read $self->_fh, $buffer, $byte_length;

		my @formats = qw( a a f> d> );
		my @values = unpack $formats[$length], $buffer;

		return Mac::PropertyList::real->new( $values[0] );
		},

	3 => sub { # date
		my( $self, $length ) = @_;
		croak "Date != 8 bytes" if $length != 3;
		my $byte_length = 1 << $length;

		my( $buffer, $value );
		read $self->_fh, $buffer, $byte_length;

		my @values = unpack 'd>', $buffer;

		$self->{MLen} += 9;

		my $adjusted_time = POSIX::strftime(
			"%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ",
			gmtime( 978307200 + $values[0])
			);

		return Mac::PropertyList::date->new( $adjusted_time );
		},

	4 => sub { # binary data
		my( $self, $length ) = @_;

		my( $buffer, $value );
		read $self->_fh, $buffer, $length;

		return Mac::PropertyList::data->new( $buffer );
		},

	5 => sub { # utf8 string
		my( $self, $length ) = @_;

		my( $buffer, $value );
		read $self->_fh, $buffer, $length;

		$buffer = Encode::decode( 'ascii', $buffer );

		return Mac::PropertyList::string->new( $buffer );
		},

	6 => sub { # unicode string
		my( $self, $length ) = @_;

		my( $buffer, $value );
		read $self->_fh, $buffer, 2 * $length;

		$buffer = Encode::decode( "UTF-16BE", $buffer );

		return Mac::PropertyList::ustring->new( $buffer );
		},

	a => sub { # array
		my( $self, $elements ) = @_;

		my @objects = do {
			my $buffer;
			read $self->_fh, $buffer, $elements * $self->_object_ref_size;
			unpack(
				($self->_object_ref_size == 1 ? "C*" : "n*"), $buffer
				);
			};

		my @array =
			map { $self->_read_object_at_offset( $objects[$_] ) }
			0 .. $elements - 1;

		return Mac::PropertyList::array->new( \@array );
		},

	d => sub { # dictionary
		my( $self, $length ) = @_;

		my @key_indices = do {
			my $buffer;
			my $s = $self->_object_ref_size;
			read $self->_fh, $buffer, $length * $self->_object_ref_size;
			unpack(
				($self->_object_ref_size == 1 ? "C*" : "n*"), $buffer
				);
			};

		my @objects = do {
			my $buffer;
			read $self->_fh, $buffer, $length * $self->_object_ref_size;
			unpack(
				($self->_object_ref_size == 1 ? "C*" : "n*"), $buffer
				);
			};

		my %dict = map {
			my $key   = $self->_read_object_at_offset($key_indices[$_])->value;
			my $value = $self->_read_object_at_offset($objects[$_]);
			( $key, $value );
			} 0 .. $length - 1;

		return Mac::PropertyList::dict->new( \%dict );
		},
	};

sub _read_object
	{
	my $self = shift;

    my $buffer;
    croak "read() failed while trying to get type byte! $!"
    	unless read( $self->_fh, $buffer, 1) == 1;

    my $length = unpack( "C*", $buffer ) & 0x0F;

    $buffer    = unpack "H*", $buffer;
    my $type   = substr $buffer, 0, 1;

	$length = $self->_read_object->value if $type ne "0" && $length == 15;

	my $sub = $type_readers->{ $type };
	my $result = eval { $sub->( $self, $length ) };
	croak "$@" if $@;

    return $result;
	}

}

=back

=head1 SEE ALSO

Some of the ideas are cribbed from CFBinaryPList.c

	http://opensource.apple.com/source/CF/CF-550/CFBinaryPList.c

=head1 SOURCE AVAILABILITY

This project is in Github:

	git://github.com/briandfoy/mac-propertylist.git

=head1 CREDITS

=head1 AUTHOR

brian d foy, C<< <bdfoy@cpan.org> >>

=head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Copyright © 2004-2014 brian d foy.  All rights reserved.

This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the same terms as Perl itself.

=cut

"See why 1984 won't be like 1984";