package Dancer2::Test;
# ABSTRACT: Useful routines for testing Dancer2 apps
$Dancer2::Test::VERSION = '0.205001';
use strict;
use warnings;
use Carp qw<carp croak>;
use Test::More;
use Test::Builder;
use URI::Escape;
use Data::Dumper;
use File::Temp;
use parent 'Exporter';
our @EXPORT = qw(
dancer_response
response_content_is
response_content_isnt
response_content_is_deeply
response_content_like
response_content_unlike
response_status_is
response_status_isnt
response_headers_include
response_headers_are_deeply
response_is_file
route_exists
route_doesnt_exist
is_pod_covered
route_pod_coverage
);
#dancer1 also has read_logs, response_redirect_location_is
#cf. https://github.com/PerlDancer2/Dancer22/issues/25
use Dancer2::Core::Dispatcher;
use Dancer2::Core::Request;
# singleton to store all the apps
my $_dispatcher = Dancer2::Core::Dispatcher->new;
# prevent deprecation warnings
our $NO_WARN = 0;
# can be called with the ($method, $path, $option) triplet,
# or can be fed a request object directly, or can be fed
# a single string, assumed to be [ GET => $string ]
# or can be fed a response (which is passed through without
# any modification)
sub dancer_response {
carp 'Dancer2::Test is deprecated, please use Plack::Test instead'
unless $NO_WARN;
_find_dancer_apps_for_dispatcher();
# useful for the high-level tests
return $_[0] if ref $_[0] eq 'Dancer2::Core::Response';
my ( $request, $env ) =
ref $_[0] eq 'Dancer2::Core::Request'
? _build_env_from_request(@_)
: _build_request_from_env(@_);
# override the set_request so it actually sets our request instead
{
## no critic qw(TestingAndDebugging::ProhibitNoWarnings)
no warnings qw<redefine once>;
*Dancer2::Core::App::set_request = sub {
my $self = shift;
$self->_set_request( $request );
$_->set_request( $request ) for @{ $self->defined_engines };
};
}
# since the response is a PSGI response
# we create a Response object which was originally expected
my $psgi_response = $_dispatcher->dispatch($env);
return Dancer2::Core::Response->new(
status => $psgi_response->[0],
headers => $psgi_response->[1],
content => $psgi_response->[2][0],
);
}
sub _build_request_from_env {
# arguments can be passed as the triplet
# or as a arrayref, or as a simple string
my ( $method, $path, $options ) =
@_ > 1 ? @_
: ref $_[0] eq 'ARRAY' ? @{ $_[0] }
: ( GET => $_[0], {} );
my $env = {
%ENV,
REQUEST_METHOD => uc($method),
PATH_INFO => $path,
QUERY_STRING => '',
'psgi.url_scheme' => 'http',
SERVER_PROTOCOL => 'HTTP/1.0',
SERVER_NAME => 'localhost',
SERVER_PORT => 3000,
HTTP_HOST => 'localhost',
HTTP_USER_AGENT => "Dancer2::Test simulator v " . Dancer2->VERSION,
};
if ( defined $options->{params} ) {
my @params;
while ( my ( $p, $value ) = each %{ $options->{params} } ) {
if ( ref($value) eq 'ARRAY' ) {
for my $v (@$value) {
push @params,
uri_escape_utf8($p) . '=' . uri_escape_utf8($v);
}
}
else {
push @params,
uri_escape_utf8($p) . '=' . uri_escape_utf8($value);
}
}
$env->{QUERY_STRING} = join( '&', @params );
}
my $request = Dancer2::Core::Request->new( env => $env );
# body
$request->body( $options->{body} ) if exists $options->{body};
# headers
if ( $options->{headers} ) {
for my $header ( @{ $options->{headers} } ) {
my ( $name, $value ) = @{$header};
$request->header( $name => $value );
if ( $name =~ /^cookie$/i ) {
$env->{HTTP_COOKIE} = $value;
}
}
}
# files
if ( $options->{files} ) {
for my $file ( @{ $options->{files} } ) {
my $headers = $file->{headers};
$headers->{'Content-Type'} ||= 'text/plain';
my $temp = File::Temp->new();
if ( $file->{data} ) {
print $temp $file->{data};
close($temp);
}
else {
require File::Copy;
File::Copy::copy( $file->{filename}, $temp );
}
my $upload = Dancer2::Core::Request::Upload->new(
filename => $file->{filename},
size => -s $temp->filename,
tempname => $temp->filename,
headers => $headers,
);
## keep temp_fh in scope so it doesn't get deleted too early
## But will get deleted by the time the test is finished.
$upload->{temp_fh} = $temp;
$request->uploads->{ $file->{name} } = $upload;
}
}
# content-type
if ( $options->{content_type} ) {
$request->content_type( $options->{content_type} );
}
return ( $request, $env );
}
sub _build_env_from_request {
my ($request) = @_;
my $env = {
REQUEST_METHOD => $request->method,
PATH_INFO => $request->path,
QUERY_STRING => '',
'psgi.url_scheme' => 'http',
SERVER_PROTOCOL => 'HTTP/1.0',
SERVER_NAME => 'localhost',
SERVER_PORT => 3000,
HTTP_HOST => 'localhost',
HTTP_USER_AGENT => "Dancer2::Test simulator v" . Dancer2->VERSION,
};
# TODO
if ( my $params = $request->{_query_params} ) {
my @params;
while ( my ( $p, $value ) = each %{$params} ) {
if ( ref($value) eq 'ARRAY' ) {
for my $v (@$value) {
push @params,
uri_escape_utf8($p) . '=' . uri_escape_utf8($v);
}
}
else {
push @params,
uri_escape_utf8($p) . '=' . uri_escape_utf8($value);
}
}
$env->{QUERY_STRING} = join( '&', @params );
}
# TODO files
return ( $request, $env );
}
sub response_status_is {
my ( $req, $status, $test_name ) = @_;
carp 'Dancer2::Test is deprecated, please use Plack::Test instead'
unless $NO_WARN;
$test_name ||= "response status is $status for " . _req_label($req);
my $response = dancer_response($req);
my $tb = Test::Builder->new;
local $Test::Builder::Level = $Test::Builder::Level + 1;
$tb->is_eq( $response->[0], $status, $test_name );
}
sub _find_route_match {
my ( $request, $env ) =
ref $_[0] eq 'Dancer2::Core::Request'
? _build_env_from_request(@_)
: _build_request_from_env(@_);
for my $app (@{$_dispatcher->apps}) {
for my $route (@{$app->routes->{lc($request->method)}}) {
if ( $route->match($request) ) {
return 1;
}
}
}
return 0;
}
sub route_exists {
carp 'Dancer2::Test is deprecated, please use Plack::Test instead'
unless $NO_WARN;
my $tb = Test::Builder->new;
local $Test::Builder::Level = $Test::Builder::Level + 1;
$tb->ok( _find_route_match($_[0]), $_[1]);
}
sub route_doesnt_exist {
carp 'Dancer2::Test is deprecated, please use Plack::Test instead'
unless $NO_WARN;
my $tb = Test::Builder->new;
local $Test::Builder::Level = $Test::Builder::Level + 1;
$tb->ok( !_find_route_match($_[0]), $_[1]);
}
sub response_status_isnt {
my ( $req, $status, $test_name ) = @_;
carp 'Dancer2::Test is deprecated, please use Plack::Test instead'
unless $NO_WARN;
$test_name ||= "response status is not $status for " . _req_label($req);
my $response = dancer_response($req);
my $tb = Test::Builder->new;
local $Test::Builder::Level = $Test::Builder::Level + 1;
$tb->isnt_eq( $response->[0], $status, $test_name );
}
{
# Map comparison operator names to human-friendly ones
my %cmp_name = (
is_eq => "is",
isnt_eq => "is not",
like => "matches",
unlike => "doesn't match",
);
sub _cmp_response_content {
my ( $req, $want, $test_name, $cmp ) = @_;
if ( @_ == 3 ) {
$cmp = $test_name;
$test_name = $cmp_name{$cmp};
$test_name =
"response content $test_name $want for " . _req_label($req);
}
my $response = dancer_response($req);
my $tb = Test::Builder->new;
local $Test::Builder::Level = $Test::Builder::Level + 1;
$tb->$cmp( $response->[2][0], $want, $test_name );
}
}
sub response_content_is {
carp 'Dancer2::Test is deprecated, please use Plack::Test instead'
unless $NO_WARN;
local $Test::Builder::Level = $Test::Builder::Level + 1;
_cmp_response_content( @_, 'is_eq' );
}
sub response_content_isnt {
carp 'Dancer2::Test is deprecated, please use Plack::Test instead'
unless $NO_WARN;
local $Test::Builder::Level = $Test::Builder::Level + 1;
_cmp_response_content( @_, 'isnt_eq' );
}
sub response_content_like {
carp 'Dancer2::Test is deprecated, please use Plack::Test instead'
unless $NO_WARN;
local $Test::Builder::Level = $Test::Builder::Level + 1;
_cmp_response_content( @_, 'like' );
}
sub response_content_unlike {
carp 'Dancer2::Test is deprecated, please use Plack::Test instead'
unless $NO_WARN;
local $Test::Builder::Level = $Test::Builder::Level + 1;
_cmp_response_content( @_, 'unlike' );
}
sub response_content_is_deeply {
my ( $req, $matcher, $test_name ) = @_;
carp 'Dancer2::Test is deprecated, please use Plack::Test instead'
unless $NO_WARN;
$test_name ||= "response content looks good for " . _req_label($req);
local $Test::Builder::Level = $Test::Builder::Level + 1;
my $response = _req_to_response($req);
is_deeply $response->[2][0], $matcher, $test_name;
}
sub response_is_file {
my ( $req, $test_name ) = @_;
carp 'Dancer2::Test is deprecated, please use Plack::Test instead'
unless $NO_WARN;
$test_name ||= "a file is returned for " . _req_label($req);
my $response = _get_file_response($req);
my $tb = Test::Builder->new;
local $Test::Builder::Level = $Test::Builder::Level + 1;
return $tb->ok( defined($response), $test_name );
}
sub response_headers_are_deeply {
my ( $req, $expected, $test_name ) = @_;
carp 'Dancer2::Test is deprecated, please use Plack::Test instead'
unless $NO_WARN;
$test_name ||= "headers are as expected for " . _req_label($req);
local $Test::Builder::Level = $Test::Builder::Level + 1;
my $response = dancer_response( _expand_req($req) );
is_deeply(
_sort_headers( $response->[1] ),
_sort_headers($expected), $test_name
);
}
sub response_headers_include {
my ( $req, $expected, $test_name ) = @_;
carp 'Dancer2::Test is deprecated, please use Plack::Test instead'
unless $NO_WARN;
$test_name ||= "headers include expected data for " . _req_label($req);
my $tb = Test::Builder->new;
my $response = dancer_response($req);
local $Test::Builder::Level = $Test::Builder::Level + 1;
print STDERR "Headers are: "
. Dumper( $response->[1] )
. "\n Expected to find header: "
. Dumper($expected)
if !$tb->ok(
_include_in_headers( $response->[1], $expected ),
$test_name
);
}
sub route_pod_coverage {
require Pod::Simple::Search;
require Pod::Simple::SimpleTree;
my $all_routes = {};
foreach my $app ( @{ $_dispatcher->apps } ) {
my $routes = $app->routes;
my $available_routes = [];
foreach my $method ( sort { $b cmp $a } keys %$routes ) {
foreach my $r ( @{ $routes->{$method} } ) {
# we don't need pod coverage for head
next if $method eq 'head';
push @$available_routes, $method . ' ' . $r->spec_route;
}
}
## copy dereferenced array
$all_routes->{ $app->name }{routes} = [@$available_routes]
if @$available_routes;
# Pod::Simple v3.30 excluded the current directory even when in @INC.
# include the current directory as a search path; its backwards compatible
# with previous version.
my $undocumented_routes = [];
my $file = Pod::Simple::Search->new->find( $app->name, '.' );
if ($file) {
$all_routes->{ $app->name }{has_pod} = 1;
my $parser = Pod::Simple::SimpleTree->new->parse_file($file);
my $pod_dataref = $parser->root;
my $found_routes = {};
for ( my $i = 0; $i < @$available_routes; $i++ ) {
my $r = $available_routes->[$i];
my $app_string = lc $r;
$app_string =~ s/\*/_REPLACED_STAR_/g;
for ( my $idx = 0; $idx < @$pod_dataref; $idx++ ) {
my $pod_part = $pod_dataref->[$idx];
next if ref $pod_part ne 'ARRAY';
foreach my $ref_part (@$pod_part) {
if ( ref($ref_part) eq "ARRAY" ) {
push @$pod_dataref, $ref_part;
}
}
my $pod_string = lc $pod_part->[2];
$pod_string =~ s/['|"|\s]+/ /g;
$pod_string =~ s/\s$//g;
$pod_string =~ s/\*/_REPLACED_STAR_/g;
if ( $pod_string =~ m/^$app_string$/ ) {
$found_routes->{$app_string} = 1;
next;
}
}
if ( !$found_routes->{$app_string} ) {
push @$undocumented_routes, $r;
}
}
}
else { ### no POD found
$all_routes->{ $app->name }{has_pod} = 0;
}
if (@$undocumented_routes) {
$all_routes->{ $app->name }{undocumented_routes} =
$undocumented_routes;
}
elsif ( !$all_routes->{ $app->name }{has_pod}
&& @{ $all_routes->{ $app->name }{routes} } )
{
## copy dereferenced array
$all_routes->{ $app->name }{undocumented_routes} =
[ @{ $all_routes->{ $app->name }{routes} } ];
}
}
return $all_routes;
}
sub is_pod_covered {
my ($test_name) = @_;
$test_name ||= "is pod covered";
my $route_pod_coverage = route_pod_coverage();
my $tb = Test::Builder->new;
local $Test::Builder::Level = $Test::Builder::Level + 1;
foreach my $app ( @{ $_dispatcher->apps } ) {
my %undocumented_route =
( map { $_ => 1 }
@{ $route_pod_coverage->{ $app->name }{undocumented_routes} } );
$tb->subtest(
$app->name . $test_name,
sub {
foreach my $route (
@{ $route_pod_coverage->{ $app->name }{routes} } )
{
ok( !$undocumented_route{$route}, "$route is documented" );
}
}
);
}
}
sub import {
my ( $class, %options ) = @_;
my @applications;
if ( ref $options{apps} eq ref( [] ) ) {
@applications = @{ $options{apps} };
}
else {
my ( $caller, $script ) = caller;
# if no app is passed, assume the caller is one.
@applications = ($caller) if $caller->can('dancer_app');
}
# register the apps to the test dispatcher
$_dispatcher->apps( [ map {
$_->dancer_app->finish();
$_->dancer_app;
} @applications ] );
$class->export_to_level( 1, $class, @EXPORT );
}
# private
sub _req_label {
my $req = shift;
return
ref $req eq 'Dancer2::Core::Response' ? 'response object'
: ref $req eq 'Dancer2::Core::Request'
? join( ' ', map { $req->$_ } qw/ method path / )
: ref $req eq 'ARRAY' ? join( ' ', @$req )
: "GET $req";
}
sub _expand_req {
my $req = shift;
return ref $req eq 'ARRAY' ? @$req : ( 'GET', $req );
}
# Sort arrayref of headers (turn it into a list of arrayrefs, sort by the header
# & value, then turn it back into an arrayref)
sub _sort_headers {
my @originalheaders = @{ shift() }; # take a copy we can modify
my @headerpairs;
while ( my ( $header, $value ) = splice @originalheaders, 0, 2 ) {
push @headerpairs, [ $header, $value ];
}
# We have an array of arrayrefs holding header => value pairs; sort them by
# header then value, and return them flattened back into an arrayref
return [
map {@$_}
sort { $a->[0] cmp $b->[0] || $a->[1] cmp $b->[1] } @headerpairs
];
}
# make sure the given header sublist is included in the full headers array
sub _include_in_headers {
my ( $full_headers, $expected_subset ) = @_;
# walk through all the expected header pairs, make sure
# they exist with the same value in the full_headers list
# return false as soon as one is not.
for ( my $i = 0; $i < scalar(@$expected_subset); $i += 2 ) {
my ( $name, $value ) =
( $expected_subset->[$i], $expected_subset->[ $i + 1 ] );
return 0
unless _check_header( $full_headers, $name, $value );
}
# we've found all the expected pairs in the $full_headers list
return 1;
}
sub _check_header {
my ( $headers, $key, $value ) = @_;
for ( my $i = 0; $i < scalar(@$headers); $i += 2 ) {
my ( $name, $val ) = ( $headers->[$i], $headers->[ $i + 1 ] );
return 1 if $name eq $key && $value eq $val;
}
return 0;
}
sub _req_to_response {
my $req = shift;
# already a response object
return $req if ref $req eq 'Dancer2::Core::Response';
return dancer_response( ref $req eq 'ARRAY' ? @$req : ( 'GET', $req ) );
}
# make sure we have at least one app in the dispatcher, and if not,
# we must have at this point an app within the caller
sub _find_dancer_apps_for_dispatcher {
return if scalar( @{ $_dispatcher->apps } );
for ( my $deep = 0; $deep < 5; $deep++ ) {
my $caller = caller($deep);
next if !$caller || !$caller->can('dancer_app');
return $_dispatcher->apps( [ $caller->dancer_app ] );
}
croak "Unable to find a Dancer2 app, did you use Dancer2 in your test?";
}
1;
__END__
=pod
=encoding UTF-8
=head1 NAME
Dancer2::Test - Useful routines for testing Dancer2 apps
=head1 VERSION
version 0.205001
=head1 SYNOPSIS
use Test::More;
use Plack::Test;
use HTTP::Request::Common; # install separately
use YourDancerApp;
my $app = YourDancerApp->to_app;
my $test = Plack::Test->create($app);
my $res = $test->request( GET '/' );
is( $res->code, 200, '[GET /] Request successful' );
like( $res->content, qr/hello, world/, '[GET /] Correct content';
done_testing;
=head1 DESCRIPTION
B<DEPRECATED>. Please use L<Plack::Test> instead as shown in the SYNOPSIS!
This module will warn for a while until we actually remove it. This is to
provide enough time to fully remove it from your system.
If you need to remove the warnings, for now, you can set:
$Dancer::Test::NO_WARN = 1;
This module provides useful routines to test Dancer2 apps. They are, however,
buggy and unnecessary. L<Plack::Test> is advised instead.
$test_name is always optional.
=head1 FUNCTIONS
=head2 dancer_response ($method, $path, $params, $arg_env);
Returns a Dancer2::Core::Response object for the given request.
Only $method and $path are required.
$params is a hashref with 'body' as a string; 'headers' can be an arrayref or
a HTTP::Headers object, 'files' can be arrayref of hashref, containing some
files to upload:
dancer_response($method, $path,
{
params => $params,
body => $body,
headers => $headers,
files => [ { filename => '/path/to/file', name => 'my_file' } ],
}
);
A good reason to use this function is for testing POST requests. Since POST
requests may not be idempotent, it is necessary to capture the content and
status in one shot. Calling the response_status_is and response_content_is
functions in succession would make two requests, each of which could alter the
state of the application and cause Schrodinger's cat to die.
my $response = dancer_response POST => '/widgets';
is $response->status, 202, "response for POST /widgets is 202";
is $response->content, "Widget #1 has been scheduled for creation",
"response content looks good for first POST /widgets";
$response = dancer_response POST => '/widgets';
is $response->status, 202, "response for POST /widgets is 202";
is $response->content, "Widget #2 has been scheduled for creation",
"response content looks good for second POST /widgets";
It's possible to test file uploads:
post '/upload' => sub { return upload('image')->content };
$response = dancer_response(POST => '/upload', {files => [{name => 'image', filename => '/path/to/image.jpg'}]});
In addition, you can supply the file contents as the C<data> key:
my $data = 'A test string that will pretend to be file contents.';
$response = dancer_response(POST => '/upload', {
files => [{name => 'test', filename => "filename.ext", data => $data}]
});
You can also supply a hashref of headers:
headers => { 'Content-Type' => 'text/plain' }
=head2 response_status_is ($request, $expected, $test_name);
Asserts that Dancer2's response for the given request has a status equal to the
one given.
response_status_is [GET => '/'], 200, "response for GET / is 200";
=head2 route_exists([$method, $path], $test_name)
Asserts that the given request matches a route handler in Dancer2's
registry. If the route would have returned a 404, the route still exists
and this test will pass.
Note that because Dancer2 uses the default route handler
L<Dancer2::Handler::File> to match files in the public folder when
no other route matches, this test will always pass.
You can disable the default route handlers in the configs but you probably
want L<Dancer2::Test/response_status_is> or L<Dancer2::Test/dancer_response>
route_exists [GET => '/'], "GET / is handled";
=head2 route_doesnt_exist([$method, $path], $test_name)
Asserts that the given request does not match any route handler
in Dancer2's registry.
Note that this test is likely to always fail as any route not matched will
be handled by the default route handler in L<Dancer2::Handler::File>.
This can be disabled in the configs.
route_doesnt_exist [GET => '/bogus_path'], "GET /bogus_path is not handled";
=head2 response_status_isnt([$method, $path], $status, $test_name)
Asserts that the status of Dancer2's response is not equal to the
one given.
response_status_isnt [GET => '/'], 404, "response for GET / is not a 404";
=head2 response_content_is([$method, $path], $expected, $test_name)
Asserts that the response content is equal to the C<$expected> string.
response_content_is [GET => '/'], "Hello, World",
"got expected response content for GET /";
=head2 response_content_isnt([$method, $path], $not_expected, $test_name)
Asserts that the response content is not equal to the C<$not_expected> string.
response_content_isnt [GET => '/'], "Hello, World",
"got expected response content for GET /";
=head2 response_content_like([$method, $path], $regexp, $test_name)
Asserts that the response content for the given request matches the regexp
given.
response_content_like [GET => '/'], qr/Hello, World/,
"response content looks good for GET /";
=head2 response_content_unlike([$method, $path], $regexp, $test_name)
Asserts that the response content for the given request does not match the regexp
given.
response_content_unlike [GET => '/'], qr/Page not found/,
"response content looks good for GET /";
=head2 response_content_is_deeply([$method, $path], $expected_struct, $test_name)
Similar to response_content_is(), except that if response content and
$expected_struct are references, it does a deep comparison walking each data
structure to see if they are equivalent.
If the two structures are different, it will display the place where they start
differing.
response_content_is_deeply [GET => '/complex_struct'],
{ foo => 42, bar => 24},
"got expected response structure for GET /complex_struct";
=head2 response_is_file ($request, $test_name);
=head2 response_headers_are_deeply([$method, $path], $expected, $test_name)
Asserts that the response headers data structure equals the one given.
response_headers_are_deeply [GET => '/'], [ 'X-Powered-By' => 'Dancer2 1.150' ];
=head2 response_headers_include([$method, $path], $expected, $test_name)
Asserts that the response headers data structure includes some of the defined ones.
response_headers_include [GET => '/'], [ 'Content-Type' => 'text/plain' ];
=head2 route_pod_coverage()
Returns a structure describing pod coverage in your apps
for one app like this:
package t::lib::TestPod;
use Dancer2;
=head1 NAME
TestPod
=head2 ROUTES
=over
=cut
=item get "/in_testpod"
testpod
=cut
get '/in_testpod' => sub {
return 'get in_testpod';
};
get '/hello' => sub {
return "hello world";
};
=item post '/in_testpod/*'
post in_testpod
=cut
post '/in_testpod/*' => sub {
return 'post in_testpod';
};
=back
=head2 SPECIALS
=head3 PUBLIC
=over
=item get "/me:id"
=cut
get "/me:id" => sub {
return "ME";
};
=back
=head3 PRIVAT
=over
=item post "/me:id"
post /me:id
=cut
post "/me:id" => sub {
return "ME";
};
=back
=cut
1;
route_pod_coverage;
would return something like:
{
't::lib::TestPod' => {
'has_pod' => 1,
'routes' => [
"post /in_testpod/*",
"post /me:id",
"get /in_testpod",
"get /hello",
"get /me:id"
],
'undocumented_routes' => [
"get /hello"
]
}
}
=head2 is_pod_covered('is pod covered')
Asserts that your apps have pods for all routes
is_pod_covered 'is pod covered'
to avoid test failures, you should document all your routes with one of the following:
head1, head2,head3,head4, item.
ex:
=item get '/login'
route to login
=cut
if you use:
any '/myaction' => sub {
# code
}
or
any ['get', 'post'] => '/myaction' => sub {
# code
};
you need to create pods for each one of the routes created there.
=head2 import
When Dancer2::Test is imported, it should be passed all the
applications that are supposed to be tested.
If none passed, then the caller is supposed to be the sole application
to test.
# t/sometest.t
use t::lib::Foo;
use t::lib::Bar;
use Dancer2::Test apps => ['t::lib::Foo', 't::lib::Bar'];
=head1 AUTHOR
Dancer Core Developers
=head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
This software is copyright (c) 2017 by Alexis Sukrieh.
This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
the same terms as the Perl 5 programming language system itself.
=cut