NAME

Devel::StackTrace - An object representing a stack trace

VERSION

version 2.00

SYNOPSIS

use Devel::StackTrace;

my $trace = Devel::StackTrace->new();

print $trace->as_string(); # like carp

# from top (most recent) of stack to bottom.
while ( my $frame = $trace->next_frame() ) {
    print "Has args\n" if $frame->hasargs();
}

# from bottom (least recent) of stack to top.
while ( my $frame = $trace->prev_frame() ) {
    print "Sub: ", $frame->subroutine(), "\n";
}

DESCRIPTION

The Devel::StackTrace module contains two classes, C,Devel::StackTrace> and Devel::StackTrace::Frame. These objects encapsulate the information that can retrieved via Perl's caller() function, as well as providing a simple interface to this data.

The Devel::StackTrace object contains a set of Devel::StackTrace::Frame objects, one for each level of the stack. The frames contain all the data available from caller().

This code was created to support my Exception::Class::Base class (part of Exception::Class) but may be useful in other contexts.

'TOP' AND 'BOTTOM' OF THE STACK

When describing the methods of the trace object, I use the words 'top' and 'bottom'. In this context, the 'top' frame on the stack is the most recent frame and the 'bottom' is the least recent.

Here's an example:

foo();  # bottom frame is here

sub foo {
   bar();
}

sub bar {
   Devel::StackTrace->new();  # top frame is here.
}

METHODS

This class provide the following methods:

Devel::StackTrace->new(%named_params)

Returns a new Devel::StackTrace object.

Takes the following parameters:

• frame_filter => $sub

  By default, Devel::StackTrace will include all stack frames before the call to its constructor.

  However, you may want to filter out some frames with more granularity than 'ignore_package' or 'ignore_class' allow.

  You can provide a subroutine which is called with the raw frame data for each frame. This is a hash reference with two keys, "caller", and "args", both of which are array references. The "caller" key is the raw data as returned by Perl's caller() function, and the "args" key are the subroutine arguments found in @DB::args.

  The filter should return true if the frame should be included, or false if it should be skipped.

• filter_frames_early => $boolean

  If this parameter is true, frame_filter will be called as soon as the stacktrace is created, and before refs are stringified (if unsafe_ref_capture is not set), rather than being filtered lazily when Devel::StackTrace::Frame objects are first needed.

  This is useful if you want to filter based on the frame's arguments and want to be able to examine object properties, for example.

• ignore_package => $package_name OR \@package_names

  Any frames where the package is one of these packages will not be on the stack.

• ignore_class => $package_name OR \@package_names

  Any frames where the package is a subclass of one of these packages (or is the same package) will not be on the stack.

  Devel::StackTrace internally adds itself to the 'ignore_package' parameter, meaning that the Devel::StackTrace package is ALWAYS ignored. However, if you create a subclass of Devel::StackTrace it will not be ignored.

• skip_frames => $integer

  This will cause this number of stack frames to be excluded from top of the stack trace. This prevents the frames from being captured at all, and applies before the frame_filter, ignore_package, or ignore_class options, even with filter_frames_early.

• unsafe_ref_capture => $boolean

  If this parameter is true, then Devel::StackTrace will store references internally when generating stacktrace frames.

  This option is very dangerous, and should never be used with exception objects. Using this option will keep any objects or references alive past their normal lifetime, until the stack trace object goes out of scope. It can keep objects alive even after their DESTROY sub is called, resulting it it being called multiple times on the same object.

  If not set, Devel::StackTrace replaces any references with their stringified representation.

• no_args => $boolean

  If this parameter is true, then Devel::StackTrace will not store caller arguments in stack trace frames at all.

• respect_overload => $boolean

  By default, Devel::StackTrace will call overload::AddrRef() to get the underlying string representation of an object, instead of respecting the object's stringification overloading. If you would prefer to see the overloaded representation of objects in stack traces, then set this parameter to true.

• max_arg_length => $integer

  By default, Devel::StackTrace will display the entire argument for each subroutine call. Setting this parameter causes truncates each subroutine argument's string representation if it is longer than this number of characters.

• message => $string

  By default, Devel::StackTrace will use 'Trace begun' as the message for the first stack frame when you call as_string. You can supply an alternative message using this option.

• indent => $boolean

  If this parameter is true, each stack frame after the first will start with a tab character, just like Carp::confess().

$trace->next_frame()

Returns the next Devel::StackTrace::Frame object on the stack, going down. If this method hasn't been called before it returns the first frame. It returns undef when it reaches the bottom of the stack and then resets its pointer so the next call to $trace->next_frame() or $trace->prev_frame() will work properly.

$trace->prev_frame()

Returns the next Devel::StackTrace::Frame object on the stack, going up. If this method hasn't been called before it returns the last frame. It returns undef when it reaches the top of the stack and then resets its pointer so the next call to $trace->next_frame() or $trace->prev_frame() will work properly.

$trace->reset_pointer

Resets the pointer so that the next call to $trace->next_frame() or $trace->prev_frame() will start at the top or bottom of the stack, as appropriate.

$trace->frames()

When this method is called with no arguments, it returns a list of Devel::StackTrace::Frame objects. They are returned in order from top (most recent) to bottom.

This method can also be used to set the object's frames if you pass it a list of Devel::StackTrace::Frame objects.

This is useful if you want to filter the list of frames in ways that are more complex than can be handled by the $trace->filter_frames() method:

$stacktrace->frames( my_filter( $stacktrace->frames() ) );

$trace->frame($index)

Given an index, this method returns the relevant frame, or undef if there is no frame at that index. The index is exactly like a Perl array. The first frame is 0 and negative indexes are allowed.

$trace->frame_count()

Returns the number of frames in the trace object.

$trace->as_string(\%p)

Calls $frame->as_string() on each frame from top to bottom, producing output quite similar to the Carp module's cluck/confess methods.

The optional \%p parameter only has one option. The max_arg_length parameter truncates each subroutine argument's string representation if it is longer than this number of characters.

SUPPORT

Please submit bugs to the CPAN RT system at http://rt.cpan.org/NoAuth/ReportBug.html?Queue=Devel%3A%3AStackTrace or via email at bug-devel-stacktrace@rt.cpan.org.

AUTHOR

Dave Rolsky autarch@urth.org

CONTRIBUTORS

• Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker ilmari@ilmari.org
• David Cantrell david@cantrell.org.uk
• Graham Knop haarg@haarg.org
• Ricardo Signes rjbs@cpan.org

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

This software is Copyright (c) 2000 - 2014 by David Rolsky.

This is free software, licensed under:

The Artistic License 2.0 (GPL Compatible)