SYNOPSIS
use Win32::GuiTest qw(FindWindowLike GetWindowText
SetForegroundWindow SendKeys);
$Win32::GuiTest::debug = 0; # Set to "1" to enable verbose mode
my @windows = FindWindowLike(0, "^Microsoft Excel", "^XLMAIN\$");
for (@windows) {
print "$_>\t'", GetWindowText($_), "'\n";
SetForegroundWindow($_);
SendKeys("%fn~a{TAB}b{TAB}{BS}{DOWN}");
}
INSTALLATION
perl makefile.pl
nmake
nmake test
nmake install
If you are using ActivePerl 5.6
(http://www.activestate.com/Products/ActivePerl/index.html) you can
install the binary package I am including instead. You will need to
enter PPM (Perl Package Manager) from the command-line. Once you have
extracted the files I send you to a directory of your machine, enter PPM
and do like this:
C:\TEMP>ppm
PPM interactive shell (2.0) - type 'help' for available commands.
PPM> install C:\temp\win32-guitest.ppd
Install package 'C:\temp\win32-guitest.ppd?' (y/N): Y
Retrieving package 'C:\temp\win32-guitest.ppd'...
Writing C:\Perl\site\lib\auto\Win32\GuiTest\.packlist
PPM>
I extracted them to 'c:\temp', please use the directory where you
extracted the files instead.
DESCRIPTION
Most GUI test scripts I have seen/written for Win32 use some variant of
Visual Basic (e.g. MS-VB or MS-Visual Test). The main reason is the
availability of the SendKeys function.
A nice way to drive Win32 programs from a test script is to use OLE
Automation (ActiveX Scripting), but not all Win32 programs support this
interface. That's where SendKeys comes handy.
Some time ago Al Williams published a Delphi version in Dr. Dobb's
(http://www.ddj.com/ddj/1997/careers1/wil2.htm). I ported it to C and
packaged it using h2xs...
The tentative name for this module is Win32::GuiTest (mostly because I
plan to include more GUI testing functions).
I've created a Yahoo Group for the module that you can join at
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/perlguitest/join
VERSION
1.3
CHANGES
0.01 Wed Aug 12 21:58:13 1998
- original version; created by h2xs 1.18
0.02 Sun Oct 25 20:18:17 1998
- Added several Win32 API functions (typemap courtesy
of Win32::APIRegistry):
SetForegroundWindow
GetDesktopWindow
GetWindow
GetWindowText
GetClassName
GetParent
GetWindowLong
SetFocus
- Ported FindWindowLike (MS-KB, Article ID: Q147659) from VB to
Perl. Instead of using VB's "like", I used Perl regexps.
0.03 Sun Oct 31 18:31:52 1999
- Perhaps first version released thru CPAN (user: erngui).
- Changed name from Win32::Test to Win32::GuiTest
- Fixed bug: using strdup resulted in using system malloc and
perl's free, resulting in a runtime error.
This way we always use perl's malloc. Got the idea from
'ext\Dynaloader\dl_aix.xs:calloc'.
0.04 Fri Jan 7 17:44:00 2000
- Fixed Compatibility with ActivePerl 522. Thanks to
Johannes Maehner <johanm@camline.com> for the initial patch.
There were two main issues:
/1/ ActivePerl (without CAPI=TRUE) compiles extensions in C++ mode
(some casts from void*, etc.. were needed).
/2/ The old typemap + buffers.h I was using had been rendered
incompatible by changes in ActivePerl. As the incompatible typemaps
were redundant, I deleted them.
Now it works on ActivePerl (both using 'perl makefile.pl'
and 'perl makefile.pl CAPI=TRUE') and on CPAN perl
(http://www.perl.com/CPAN/src/stable.zip).
- As requests for changes keep comming in, I've decided to put it all
under version control (cvs if you're curious about it).
0.05 Sat Mar 11 23:11:42 2000
- Added support for sending function keys (e.g. "%{F4}"). A new test
script is added to the distribution (eg\notepad.pl) to test
this functionality.
- Code cleanup to make adding new keywords easier.
0.06 Sun Mar 12 01:51:18 2000
- Added support for sending mouse events.
Thanks to Ben Shern <shernbj@louisville.stortek.com> for the idea
and original code. Also added 'eg\paint.pl' to the distribution to
test this functionality.
- Code cleanup.
0.07 Sun Nov 19 13:02:00 2000
- Added MouseMoveAbsPix to allow moving the mouse to an absolute pixel
coordinate instead of using mouse_event's (0, 0) to (65535, 65535)
coordinates.
Thanks to Phill Wolf <pbwolf@bellatlantic.net> for the idea
and original code. Also added 'eg\paint_abs.pl' to the distribution
to test this functionality.
- Added binaries for the ActivePerl distribution.
0.08 Sun Dec 17 19:33:07 2000
- Added WMGetText to allow getting the content of an EDIT window. See
'eg\notepad_text.pl' for more details.
Thanks to Mauro <m_servizi@yahoo.it> from Italy for the idea.
0.09 Thu Jan 4 22:30:50 2001
- Added {SPC} action to sendkeys to simulate hitting the spacebar.
Thanks to Sohrab Niramwalla <sohrab.niramwalla@utoronto.ca> for the
idea.
1.00 Sun May 13 22:02:01 2001
- Fixed a bug in FindWindowLike that caused duplicated window handles to
be returned.
- Simplified the logic in FindWindowLike.
- Added IsChild and GetChildDepth functions. Exported GetChildWindows.
- Added more tests (tightening the net in XP-speak)
- Added 'eg\spy--.pl' to the distribution.
1.10 Sun Jun 17 19:54:27 2001
- Added GetWindowRect, GetScreenRes, ScreenToNorm and NormToScreen,
following suggestion and code from Frank van Dijk <fvdijk@oke.nl>.
- Added SendMessage, PostMessage, GetCursorPos, AttachWin,
additional SendKeys flags (Windows keys and context menu),
WMSetText, GetCaretPos, GetFocus, GetActiveWindow, GetForegroundWindow,
SetActiveWindow, EnableWindow, IsWindowEnabled, IsWindowVisible and
ShowWindow (+ constants to use it).
Thanks to Jarek Jurasz <jurasz@imb.uni-karlsruhe.de> for all of them.
Jarek also provided two scripts: 'eg\showmouse.pl' and 'eg\showwin.pl'.
I found showwin very interesting (if somewhat dangerous!).
He also fixed an export list problem (WMGetKey was mentioned instead
of WMGetText) and added export tags :ALL and :SW, so that full module
functionality can be imported with
use Win32::GuiTest qw(:ALL :SW);
- Added IsWindow, ScreenToClient, ClientToScreen, IsCheckedButton and
IsGrayedButton.
- SendKeys now takes an optional parameter to change the default 50 ms
delay between keystrokes. Suggested by Wilson P. Snyder II
<wsnyder@world.std.com>.
1.20 Wed Jul 18 20:44:11 2001
- Added GetComboText, GetComboContents, GetListText and GetListContents
to allow easy extraction of data from list and combo boxes.
- Added 'eg\fonts.pl' to show the new functionality. This script opens
the Notepad "Font" dialog and prints to stdout the contents of the Font
combobox.
- Fixed bug in SendMessage (and others), where the return value was lost
Caused by a missing OUTPUT tag.
- Added IsKeyPressed function. Suggested by Rudi Farkas.
See 'eg\keypress.pl' for a demo. Works even if the script
is running in the background.
1.30 Sat Dec 1 20:50:02 2001
- Fixed bad POD formating. Added podchecker and html pod generation to makedist.bat.
- Added PushButton and PushChildButton. Based on code from an anonymous contributor. Thanks!
See 'eg\pushbutton.pl' for an example.
- Fixed a problem when building with Active State, build 526.
FUNCTIONS
$debug When set enables the verbose mode.
SendKeys KEYS [DELAY]
Sends keystrokes to the active window as if typed at the
keyboard using the optional delay between keystrokes (default is
50 ms and should be OK for most uses).
The keystrokes to send are specified in KEYS. There are several
characters that have special meaning. This allows sending
control codes and modifiers:
~ means ENTER
+ means SHIFT
^ means CTRL
% means ALT
The parens allow character grouping. You may group several
characters, so that a specific keyboard modifier applies to all
of them.
E.g. SendKeys("ABC") is equivalent to SendKeys("+(abc)")
The curly braces are used to quote special characters
(SendKeys("{+}{{}") sends a '+' and a '{'). You can also use
them to specify certain named actions:
Name Action
{BACKSPACE} Backspace
{BS} Backspace
{BKSP} Backspace
{BREAK} Break
{CAPS} Caps Lock
{DELETE} Delete
{DOWN} Down arrow
{END} End
{ENTER} Enter (same as ~)
{ESCAPE} Escape
{HELP} Help key
{HOME} Home
{INSERT} Insert
{LEFT} Left arrow
{NUMLOCK} Num lock
{PGDN} Page down
{PGUP} Page up
{PRTSCR} Print screen
{RIGHT} Right arrow
{SCROLL} Scroll lock
{TAB} Tab
{UP} Up arrow
{PAUSE} Pause
{F1} Function Key 1
... ...
{F24} Function Key 24
{SPC} Spacebar
{SPACE} Spacebar
{SPACEBAR} Spacebar
{LWI} Left Windows Key
{RWI} Right Windows Key
{APP} Open Context Menu Key
All these named actions take an optional integer argument, like
in {RIGHT 5}. For all of them, except PAUSE, the argument means
a repeat count. For PAUSE it means the number of milliseconds
SendKeys should pause before proceding.
In this implementation, SendKeys always returns after sending
the keystrokes. There is no way to tell if an application has
processed those keys when the function returns.
SendMouse COMMAND
This function emulates mouse input. The COMMAND parameter is a
string containing one or more of the following substrings:
{LEFTDOWN} left button down
{LEFTUP} left button up
{MIDDLEDOWN} middle button down
{MIDDLEUP} middle button up
{RIGHTDOWN} right button down
{RIGHTUP} right button up
{LEFTCLICK} left button single click
{MIDDLECLICK} middle button single click
{RIGHTCLICK} right button single click
{ABSx,y} move to absolute coordinate ( x, y )
{RELx,y} move to relative coordinate ( x, y )
Note: Absolute mouse coordinates range from 0 to 65535. Relative
coordinates can be positive or negative. If you need pixel
coordinates you can use MouseMoveAbsPix.
Also equivalent low-level functions are available:
SendLButtonUp()
SendLButtonDown()
SendMButtonUp()
SendMButtonDown()
SendRButtonUp()
SendRButtonDown()
SendMouseMoveRel(x,y)
SendMouseMoveAbs(x,y)
MouseMoveAbsPix(X,Y)
Move the mouse cursor to the screen pixel indicated as
parameter.
# Moves to x=200, y=100 in pixel coordinates.
MouseMoveAbsPix(200, 100);
FindWindowLike WINDOW, TITLEPATTERN, CLASSPATTERN, CHILDID
Finds the window handles of the windows matching the specified
parameters and returns them as a list.
You may specify the handle of the window to search under. The
routine searches through all of this windows children and their
children recursively. If 'undef' then the routine searches
through all windows. There is also a regexp used to match
against the text in the window caption and another regexp used
to match against the text in the window class. If you pass a
child ID number, the functions will only match windows with this
id. In each case undef matches everything.
PushButton BUTTON [, DELAY]
Equivalent to
PushChildButton(GetForegroundWindow, BUTTON, DELAY)
PushChildButton( parent, button [, delay] )
Allows generating a mouse click on a particular button.
parent - the parent window of the button
button - either the text in a button (e.g. "Yes") or the control
ID of a button.
delay - the time (0.25 means 250 ms) to wait between the mouse
down and the mouse up event. This is useful for debugging.
COPYRIGHT
The SendKeys function is based on the Delphi sourcecode published by Al
Williams <http://www.al-williams.com/awc/> in Dr.Dobbs
<http://www.ddj.com/ddj/1997/careers1/wil2.htm>.
Copyright (c) 1998-2001 Ernesto Guisado. All rights reserved. This
program is free software; You may distribute it and/or modify it under
the same terms as Perl itself.
AUTHOR
Ernesto Guisado <erngui@acm.org>, <http://triumvir.org>