=head1 FALLACIES OF DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING
The Fallacies of Distributed Computing are a set of common but flawed
assumptions made by programmers when first developing distributed
applications. The fallacies are summarized as follows:
=over
=item 1.
The network is reliable.
=item 2.
Latency is zero.
=item 3.
Bandwidth is infinite.
=item 4.
The network is secure.
=item 5.
Topology doesn't change.
=item 6.
There is one administrator.
=item 7.
Transport cost is zero.
=item 8.
The network is homogeneous.
=back
=head1 GLOSSARY
=head2 Database
A term to describe a uniquely identified set of object types and
records sharing a single 'base' revision and Replica identifier
A database contains multiple Records
Has one: uuid
=head2 Replica
An instance of a database. Replicas are expected to contain all
Changesets from any other replica they have been synchronized with,
but those Changesets are not guaranteed to be in the same sequence on
each replica
Has one: uuid
=head2 Changeset
A changeset contains "old" and "new" versions of a set of database
"Records", they can be of any Record Type.
Has one: source_uuid, sequence_no
Has many: changes
=head2 Change
An entry in a changeset. Contains all the updates to a given record
for this changeset
=head2 Record
A Record is composed of zero or more Attributes and a universally
unique identifier. Each record is categorized into a Record Type.
Has one: uuid
Has many: attributes
=head2 Record Type
A Record Type is a category or "bucket" for zero or more records
applications may define specific behaviours for Records of a certain
Record Type, but Prophet does no more than to tag Records with a
Record Type. Record Types are uniquely identified with a textual name
and a UUID
Has one: textual label, uuid
=head2 Attribute
A key-value pair on a Record.
Has one: key, value
=head2 Conflict
A Conflict occurs when a Changeset is being applied and the current state of a Replica meets any of the following criteria:
=over 4
=item
The Replica already contains a record marked as "created" in the changeset
=item
The Replica doesn't contain a record marked as "deleted" in the changeset
=item
The Replica doesn't contain a record marked as "updated" in the changeset
=item
The Replica contains a record marked as "updated" in the changeset,
but the current state of the properties on the record does not match
the "old" state of the record in the changeset.
=back
=head2 Resolution
When the local Replica
=head2 Export/Publish
Exporting is the act of cloning a replica. The replica uuid (which is
its identity) remains the same. An exported replica is useful for
copying to another machine or USB stick, so that other people may pull
your changes.
Publishing a replica just export it to another machine, usually over
ssh.
Exporting or publishing to an existing replica just updates that
replica, it does not perform a merge, since the replica uuid is the
same for both copies.
=head2 Push/Pull
Pushing and pulling merge changes from two different replicas. Pushing
to or pulling from an empty replica creates it and assigns it a new
replica uuid.
=head2 Foreign Replica
A (possibly read-only) data store that is not a Prophet replica (such
as RT or Twitter). A Prophet replica can act as a gateway to a foreign
replica.
=head1 NON-TERMS
=head2 Node
Too many things get called records
=head2 revision
Revision is a term from version control. the backing store may
describe it but it's not a Prophet term