// Copyright (c) 2013, Facebook, Inc. All rights reserved.
// This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
// LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. An additional grant
// of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory.
//
// Copyright (c) 2011 The LevelDB Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file. See the AUTHORS file for names of contributors.
#include "table/block_based_table_reader.h"
#include "db/dbformat.h"
#include "rocksdb/comparator.h"
#include "rocksdb/env.h"
#include "rocksdb/filter_policy.h"
#include "rocksdb/options.h"
#include "rocksdb/statistics.h"
#include "rocksdb/table.h"
#include "table/block.h"
#include "table/filter_block.h"
#include "table/format.h"
#include "table/two_level_iterator.h"
#include "util/coding.h"
#include "util/perf_context_imp.h"
#include "util/stop_watch.h"
namespace rocksdb {
// The longest the prefix of the cache key used to identify blocks can be.
// We are using the fact that we know for Posix files the unique ID is three
// varints.
const size_t kMaxCacheKeyPrefixSize = kMaxVarint64Length*3+1;
using std::unique_ptr;
struct BlockBasedTable::Rep {
Rep(const EnvOptions& storage_options) :
soptions(storage_options) {
}
Options options;
const EnvOptions& soptions;
Status status;
unique_ptr<RandomAccessFile> file;
char cache_key_prefix[kMaxCacheKeyPrefixSize];
size_t cache_key_prefix_size;
char compressed_cache_key_prefix[kMaxCacheKeyPrefixSize];
size_t compressed_cache_key_prefix_size;
// Handle to metaindex_block: saved from footer
BlockHandle metaindex_handle;
// Handle to index: saved from footer
BlockHandle index_handle;
// index_block will be populated and used only when options.block_cache is
// NULL; otherwise we will get the index block via the block cache.
unique_ptr<Block> index_block;
unique_ptr<FilterBlockReader> filter;
TableProperties table_properties;
};
BlockBasedTable::~BlockBasedTable() {
delete rep_;
}
// CachableEntry represents the entries that *may* be fetched from block cache.
// field `value` is the item we want to get.
// field `cache_handle` is the cache handle to the block cache. If the value
// was not read from cache, `cache_handle` will be nullptr.
template <class TValue>
struct BlockBasedTable::CachableEntry {
CachableEntry(TValue* value, Cache::Handle* cache_handle)
: value(value)
, cache_handle(cache_handle) {
}
CachableEntry(): CachableEntry(nullptr, nullptr) { }
void Release(Cache* cache) {
if (cache_handle) {
cache->Release(cache_handle);
value = nullptr;
cache_handle = nullptr;
}
}
TValue* value = nullptr;
// if the entry is from the cache, cache_handle will be populated.
Cache::Handle* cache_handle = nullptr;
};
// Helper function to setup the cache key's prefix for the Table.
void BlockBasedTable::SetupCacheKeyPrefix(Rep* rep) {
assert(kMaxCacheKeyPrefixSize >= 10);
rep->cache_key_prefix_size = 0;
rep->compressed_cache_key_prefix_size = 0;
if (rep->options.block_cache != nullptr) {
GenerateCachePrefix(rep->options.block_cache.get(), rep->file.get(),
&rep->cache_key_prefix[0],
&rep->cache_key_prefix_size);
}
if (rep->options.block_cache_compressed != nullptr) {
GenerateCachePrefix(rep->options.block_cache_compressed.get(),
rep->file.get(), &rep->compressed_cache_key_prefix[0],
&rep->compressed_cache_key_prefix_size);
}
}
void BlockBasedTable::GenerateCachePrefix(Cache* cc,
RandomAccessFile* file, char* buffer, size_t* size) {
// generate an id from the file
*size = file->GetUniqueId(buffer, kMaxCacheKeyPrefixSize);
// If the prefix wasn't generated or was too long,
// create one from the cache.
if (*size == 0) {
char* end = EncodeVarint64(buffer, cc->NewId());
*size = static_cast<size_t>(end - buffer);
}
}
void BlockBasedTable::GenerateCachePrefix(Cache* cc,
WritableFile* file, char* buffer, size_t* size) {
// generate an id from the file
*size = file->GetUniqueId(buffer, kMaxCacheKeyPrefixSize);
// If the prefix wasn't generated or was too long,
// create one from the cache.
if (*size == 0) {
char* end = EncodeVarint64(buffer, cc->NewId());
*size = static_cast<size_t>(end - buffer);
}
}
namespace { // anonymous namespace, not visible externally
// Read the block identified by "handle" from "file".
// The only relevant option is options.verify_checksums for now.
// Set *didIO to true if didIO is not null.
// On failure return non-OK.
// On success fill *result and return OK - caller owns *result
Status ReadBlockFromFile(
RandomAccessFile* file,
const ReadOptions& options,
const BlockHandle& handle,
Block** result,
Env* env,
bool* didIO = nullptr,
bool do_uncompress = true) {
BlockContents contents;
Status s = ReadBlockContents(file, options, handle, &contents,
env, do_uncompress);
if (s.ok()) {
*result = new Block(contents);
}
if (didIO) {
*didIO = true;
}
return s;
}
void DeleteBlock(void* arg, void* ignored) {
delete reinterpret_cast<Block*>(arg);
}
void DeleteCachedBlock(const Slice& key, void* value) {
Block* block = reinterpret_cast<Block*>(value);
delete block;
}
void DeleteCachedFilter(const Slice& key, void* value) {
auto filter = reinterpret_cast<FilterBlockReader*>(value);
delete filter;
}
void ReleaseBlock(void* arg, void* h) {
Cache* cache = reinterpret_cast<Cache*>(arg);
Cache::Handle* handle = reinterpret_cast<Cache::Handle*>(h);
cache->Release(handle);
}
Slice GetCacheKey(const char* cache_key_prefix,
size_t cache_key_prefix_size,
const BlockHandle& handle,
char* cache_key) {
assert(cache_key != nullptr);
assert(cache_key_prefix_size != 0);
assert(cache_key_prefix_size <= kMaxCacheKeyPrefixSize);
memcpy(cache_key, cache_key_prefix, cache_key_prefix_size);
char* end = EncodeVarint64(cache_key + cache_key_prefix_size,
handle.offset());
return Slice(cache_key, static_cast<size_t>(end - cache_key));
}
Cache::Handle* GetFromBlockCache(
Cache* block_cache,
const Slice& key,
Tickers block_cache_miss_ticker,
Tickers block_cache_hit_ticker,
Statistics* statistics) {
auto cache_handle = block_cache->Lookup(key);
if (cache_handle != nullptr) {
BumpPerfCount(&perf_context.block_cache_hit_count);
// overall cache hit
RecordTick(statistics, BLOCK_CACHE_HIT);
// block-type specific cache hit
RecordTick(statistics, block_cache_hit_ticker);
} else {
// overall cache miss
RecordTick(statistics, BLOCK_CACHE_MISS);
// block-type specific cache miss
RecordTick(statistics, block_cache_miss_ticker);
}
return cache_handle;
}
} // end of anonymous namespace
Status BlockBasedTable::Open(const Options& options,
const EnvOptions& soptions,
unique_ptr<RandomAccessFile> && file,
uint64_t size,
unique_ptr<TableReader>* table_reader) {
table_reader->reset();
if (size < Footer::kEncodedLength) {
return Status::InvalidArgument("file is too short to be an sstable");
}
char footer_space[Footer::kEncodedLength];
Slice footer_input;
Status s = file->Read(size - Footer::kEncodedLength, Footer::kEncodedLength,
&footer_input, footer_space);
if (!s.ok()) return s;
// Check that we actually read the whole footer from the file. It may be
// that size isn't correct.
if (footer_input.size() != Footer::kEncodedLength) {
return Status::InvalidArgument("file is too short to be an sstable");
}
Footer footer;
s = footer.DecodeFrom(&footer_input);
if (!s.ok()) return s;
// We've successfully read the footer and the index block: we're
// ready to serve requests.
Rep* rep = new BlockBasedTable::Rep(soptions);
rep->options = options;
rep->file = std::move(file);
rep->metaindex_handle = footer.metaindex_handle();
rep->index_handle = footer.index_handle();
SetupCacheKeyPrefix(rep);
unique_ptr<BlockBasedTable> new_table(new BlockBasedTable(rep));
// Read meta index
std::unique_ptr<Block> meta;
std::unique_ptr<Iterator> meta_iter;
s = ReadMetaBlock(rep, &meta, &meta_iter);
// Read the properties
meta_iter->Seek(kPropertiesBlock);
if (meta_iter->Valid() && meta_iter->key() == Slice(kPropertiesBlock)) {
s = meta_iter->status();
if (s.ok()) {
s = ReadProperties(meta_iter->value(), rep, &rep->table_properties);
}
if (!s.ok()) {
auto err_msg =
"[Warning] Encountered error while reading data from properties "
"block " + s.ToString();
Log(rep->options.info_log, "%s", err_msg.c_str());
}
}
// Initialize index/filter blocks. If block cache is not specified,
// these blocks will be kept in member variables in Rep, which will
// reside in the memory as long as this table object is alive; otherwise
// they will be added to block cache.
if (!options.block_cache) {
Block* index_block = nullptr;
// TODO: we never really verify check sum for index block
s = ReadBlockFromFile(
rep->file.get(),
ReadOptions(),
footer.index_handle(),
&index_block,
options.env
);
if (s.ok()) {
assert(index_block->compressionType() == kNoCompression);
rep->index_block.reset(index_block);
// Set index block
if (rep->options.filter_policy) {
std::string key = kFilterBlockPrefix;
key.append(rep->options.filter_policy->Name());
meta_iter->Seek(key);
if (meta_iter->Valid() && meta_iter->key() == Slice(key)) {
rep->filter.reset(ReadFilter(meta_iter->value(), rep));
}
}
} else {
delete index_block;
}
} else {
// Call IndexBlockReader() to implicitly add index to the block_cache
unique_ptr<Iterator> iter(
new_table->IndexBlockReader(ReadOptions())
);
s = iter->status();
if (s.ok()) {
// Call GetFilter() to implicitly add filter to the block_cache
auto filter_entry = new_table->GetFilter();
filter_entry.Release(options.block_cache.get());
}
}
if (s.ok()) {
*table_reader = std::move(new_table);
}
return s;
}
void BlockBasedTable::SetupForCompaction() {
switch (rep_->options.access_hint_on_compaction_start) {
case Options::NONE:
break;
case Options::NORMAL:
rep_->file->Hint(RandomAccessFile::NORMAL);
break;
case Options::SEQUENTIAL:
rep_->file->Hint(RandomAccessFile::SEQUENTIAL);
break;
case Options::WILLNEED:
rep_->file->Hint(RandomAccessFile::WILLNEED);
break;
default:
assert(false);
}
compaction_optimized_ = true;
}
TableProperties& BlockBasedTable::GetTableProperties() {
return rep_->table_properties;
}
// Load the meta-block from the file. On success, return the loaded meta block
// and its iterator.
Status BlockBasedTable::ReadMetaBlock(
Rep* rep,
std::unique_ptr<Block>* meta_block,
std::unique_ptr<Iterator>* iter) {
// TODO(sanjay): Skip this if footer.metaindex_handle() size indicates
// it is an empty block.
// TODO: we never really verify check sum for meta index block
Block* meta = nullptr;
Status s = ReadBlockFromFile(
rep->file.get(),
ReadOptions(),
rep->metaindex_handle,
&meta,
rep->options.env);
if (!s.ok()) {
auto err_msg =
"[Warning] Encountered error while reading data from properties"
"block " + s.ToString();
Log(rep->options.info_log, "%s", err_msg.c_str());
}
if (!s.ok()) {
delete meta;
return s;
}
meta_block->reset(meta);
// meta block uses bytewise comparator.
iter->reset(meta->NewIterator(BytewiseComparator()));
return Status::OK();
}
FilterBlockReader* BlockBasedTable::ReadFilter (
const Slice& filter_handle_value,
BlockBasedTable::Rep* rep,
size_t* filter_size) {
Slice v = filter_handle_value;
BlockHandle filter_handle;
if (!filter_handle.DecodeFrom(&v).ok()) {
return nullptr;
}
// TODO: We might want to unify with ReadBlockFromFile() if we start
// requiring checksum verification in Table::Open.
ReadOptions opt;
BlockContents block;
if (!ReadBlockContents(rep->file.get(), opt, filter_handle, &block,
rep->options.env, false).ok()) {
return nullptr;
}
if (filter_size) {
*filter_size = block.data.size();
}
return new FilterBlockReader(
rep->options, block.data, block.heap_allocated);
}
Status BlockBasedTable::ReadProperties(
const Slice& handle_value, Rep* rep, TableProperties* table_properties) {
assert(table_properties);
Slice v = handle_value;
BlockHandle handle;
if (!handle.DecodeFrom(&v).ok()) {
return Status::InvalidArgument("Failed to decode properties block handle");
}
BlockContents block_contents;
Status s = ReadBlockContents(
rep->file.get(),
ReadOptions(),
handle,
&block_contents,
rep->options.env,
false
);
if (!s.ok()) {
return s;
}
Block properties_block(block_contents);
std::unique_ptr<Iterator> iter(
properties_block.NewIterator(BytewiseComparator())
);
// All pre-defined properties of type uint64_t
std::unordered_map<std::string, uint64_t*> predefined_uint64_properties = {
{ BlockBasedTablePropertiesNames::kDataSize,
&table_properties->data_size },
{ BlockBasedTablePropertiesNames::kIndexSize,
&table_properties->index_size },
{ BlockBasedTablePropertiesNames::kFilterSize,
&table_properties->filter_size },
{ BlockBasedTablePropertiesNames::kRawKeySize,
&table_properties->raw_key_size },
{ BlockBasedTablePropertiesNames::kRawValueSize,
&table_properties->raw_value_size },
{ BlockBasedTablePropertiesNames::kNumDataBlocks,
&table_properties->num_data_blocks },
{ BlockBasedTablePropertiesNames::kNumEntries,
&table_properties->num_entries },
};
std::string last_key;
for (iter->SeekToFirst(); iter->Valid(); iter->Next()) {
s = iter->status();
if (!s.ok()) {
break;
}
auto key = iter->key().ToString();
// properties block is strictly sorted with no duplicate key.
assert(
last_key.empty() ||
BytewiseComparator()->Compare(key, last_key) > 0
);
last_key = key;
auto raw_val = iter->value();
auto pos = predefined_uint64_properties.find(key);
if (pos != predefined_uint64_properties.end()) {
// handle predefined rocksdb properties
uint64_t val;
if (!GetVarint64(&raw_val, &val)) {
// skip malformed value
auto error_msg =
"[Warning] detect malformed value in properties meta-block:"
"\tkey: " + key + "\tval: " + raw_val.ToString();
Log(rep->options.info_log, "%s", error_msg.c_str());
continue;
}
*(pos->second) = val;
} else if (key == BlockBasedTablePropertiesNames::kFilterPolicy) {
table_properties->filter_policy_name = raw_val.ToString();
} else {
// handle user-collected
table_properties->user_collected_properties.insert(
std::make_pair(key, raw_val.ToString())
);
}
}
return s;
}
Status BlockBasedTable::GetBlock(
const BlockBasedTable* table,
const BlockHandle& handle,
const ReadOptions& options,
const bool for_compaction,
const Tickers block_cache_miss_ticker,
const Tickers block_cache_hit_ticker,
bool* didIO,
CachableEntry<Block>* entry) {
bool no_io = options.read_tier == kBlockCacheTier;
Cache* block_cache = table->rep_->options.block_cache.get();
Statistics* statistics = table->rep_->options.statistics.get();
Status s;
if (block_cache != nullptr) {
char cache_key[kMaxCacheKeyPrefixSize + kMaxVarint64Length];
auto key = GetCacheKey(
table->rep_->cache_key_prefix,
table->rep_->cache_key_prefix_size,
handle,
cache_key
);
entry->cache_handle = GetFromBlockCache(
block_cache,
key,
block_cache_miss_ticker,
block_cache_hit_ticker,
statistics
);
if (entry->cache_handle != nullptr) {
entry->value =
reinterpret_cast<Block*>(block_cache->Value(entry->cache_handle));
} else if (no_io) {
// Did not find in block_cache and can't do IO
return Status::Incomplete("no blocking io");
} else {
Histograms histogram = for_compaction ?
READ_BLOCK_COMPACTION_MICROS : READ_BLOCK_GET_MICROS;
{
// block for stop watch
StopWatch sw(table->rep_->options.env, statistics, histogram);
s = ReadBlockFromFile(
table->rep_->file.get(),
options,
handle,
&entry->value,
table->rep_->options.env,
didIO
);
}
if (s.ok()) {
if (options.fill_cache && entry->value->isCachable()) {
entry->cache_handle = block_cache->Insert(
key, entry->value, entry->value->size(), &DeleteCachedBlock);
RecordTick(statistics, BLOCK_CACHE_ADD);
}
}
}
} else if (no_io) {
// Could not read from block_cache and can't do IO
return Status::Incomplete("no blocking io");
} else {
s = ReadBlockFromFile(
table->rep_->file.get(),
options,
handle,
&entry->value,
table->rep_->options.env,
didIO
);
}
return s;
}
// Convert an index iterator value (i.e., an encoded BlockHandle)
// into an iterator over the contents of the corresponding block.
Iterator* BlockBasedTable::BlockReader(void* arg,
const ReadOptions& options,
const Slice& index_value,
bool* didIO,
bool for_compaction) {
const bool no_io = (options.read_tier == kBlockCacheTier);
BlockBasedTable* table = reinterpret_cast<BlockBasedTable*>(arg);
Cache* block_cache = table->rep_->options.block_cache.get();
Cache* block_cache_compressed = table->rep_->options.
block_cache_compressed.get();
Statistics* statistics = table->rep_->options.statistics.get();
Block* block = nullptr;
Block* cblock = nullptr;
Cache::Handle* cache_handle = nullptr;
Cache::Handle* compressed_cache_handle = nullptr;
BlockHandle handle;
Slice input = index_value;
Status s = handle.DecodeFrom(&input);
// We intentionally allow extra stuff in index_value so that we
// can add more features in the future.
if (!s.ok()) {
return NewErrorIterator(s);
}
if (block_cache != nullptr || block_cache_compressed != nullptr) {
char cache_key[kMaxCacheKeyPrefixSize + kMaxVarint64Length];
char compressed_cache_key[kMaxCacheKeyPrefixSize + kMaxVarint64Length];
Slice key, /* key to the block cache */
ckey /* key to the compressed block cache */ ;
// create key for block cache
if (block_cache != nullptr) {
key = GetCacheKey(
table->rep_->cache_key_prefix,
table->rep_->cache_key_prefix_size,
handle,
cache_key
);
}
if (block_cache_compressed != nullptr) {
ckey = GetCacheKey(
table->rep_->compressed_cache_key_prefix,
table->rep_->compressed_cache_key_prefix_size,
handle,
compressed_cache_key
);
}
// Lookup uncompressed cache first
if (block_cache != nullptr) {
assert(!key.empty());
cache_handle = block_cache->Lookup(key);
if (cache_handle != nullptr) {
block = reinterpret_cast<Block*>(block_cache->Value(cache_handle));
RecordTick(statistics, BLOCK_CACHE_HIT);
RecordTick(statistics, BLOCK_CACHE_DATA_HIT);
} else {
RecordTick(statistics, BLOCK_CACHE_MISS);
RecordTick(statistics, BLOCK_CACHE_DATA_MISS);
}
}
// If not found in uncompressed cache, lookup compressed cache
if (block == nullptr && block_cache_compressed != nullptr) {
assert(!ckey.empty());
compressed_cache_handle = block_cache_compressed->Lookup(ckey);
// if we found in the compressed cache, then uncompress and
// insert into uncompressed cache
if (compressed_cache_handle != nullptr) {
// found compressed block
cblock = reinterpret_cast<Block*>(block_cache_compressed->
Value(compressed_cache_handle));
assert(cblock->compressionType() != kNoCompression);
// Retrieve the uncompressed contents into a new buffer
BlockContents contents;
s = UncompressBlockContents(cblock->data(), cblock->size(),
&contents);
// Insert uncompressed block into block cache
if (s.ok()) {
block = new Block(contents); // uncompressed block
assert(block->compressionType() == kNoCompression);
if (block_cache != nullptr && block->isCachable() &&
options.fill_cache) {
cache_handle = block_cache->Insert(key, block, block->size(),
&DeleteCachedBlock);
assert(reinterpret_cast<Block*>(block_cache->Value(cache_handle))
== block);
}
}
// Release hold on compressed cache entry
block_cache_compressed->Release(compressed_cache_handle);
RecordTick(statistics, BLOCK_CACHE_COMPRESSED_HIT);
}
}
if (block != nullptr) {
BumpPerfCount(&perf_context.block_cache_hit_count);
} else if (no_io) {
// Did not find in block_cache and can't do IO
return NewErrorIterator(Status::Incomplete("no blocking io"));
} else {
Histograms histogram = for_compaction ?
READ_BLOCK_COMPACTION_MICROS : READ_BLOCK_GET_MICROS;
{ // block for stop watch
StopWatch sw(table->rep_->options.env, statistics, histogram);
s = ReadBlockFromFile(
table->rep_->file.get(),
options,
handle,
&cblock,
table->rep_->options.env,
didIO,
block_cache_compressed == nullptr
);
}
if (s.ok()) {
assert(cblock->compressionType() == kNoCompression ||
block_cache_compressed != nullptr);
// Retrieve the uncompressed contents into a new buffer
BlockContents contents;
if (cblock->compressionType() != kNoCompression) {
s = UncompressBlockContents(cblock->data(), cblock->size(),
&contents);
}
if (s.ok()) {
if (cblock->compressionType() != kNoCompression) {
block = new Block(contents); // uncompressed block
} else {
block = cblock;
cblock = nullptr;
}
if (block->isCachable() && options.fill_cache) {
// Insert compressed block into compressed block cache.
// Release the hold on the compressed cache entry immediately.
if (block_cache_compressed != nullptr && cblock != nullptr) {
compressed_cache_handle = block_cache_compressed->Insert(
ckey, cblock, cblock->size(), &DeleteCachedBlock);
block_cache_compressed->Release(compressed_cache_handle);
RecordTick(statistics, BLOCK_CACHE_COMPRESSED_MISS);
cblock = nullptr;
}
// insert into uncompressed block cache
assert((block->compressionType() == kNoCompression));
if (block_cache != nullptr) {
cache_handle = block_cache->Insert(
key, block, block->size(), &DeleteCachedBlock);
RecordTick(statistics, BLOCK_CACHE_ADD);
assert(reinterpret_cast<Block*>(block_cache->Value(
cache_handle))== block);
}
}
}
}
if (cblock != nullptr) {
delete cblock;
}
}
} else if (no_io) {
// Could not read from block_cache and can't do IO
return NewErrorIterator(Status::Incomplete("no blocking io"));
} else {
s = ReadBlockFromFile(
table->rep_->file.get(),
options,
handle,
&block,
table->rep_->options.env,
didIO
);
}
Iterator* iter;
if (block != nullptr) {
iter = block->NewIterator(table->rep_->options.comparator);
if (cache_handle != nullptr) {
iter->RegisterCleanup(&ReleaseBlock, block_cache, cache_handle);
} else {
iter->RegisterCleanup(&DeleteBlock, block, nullptr);
}
} else {
iter = NewErrorIterator(s);
}
return iter;
}
BlockBasedTable::CachableEntry<FilterBlockReader>
BlockBasedTable::GetFilter(bool no_io) const {
if (!rep_->options.filter_policy || !rep_->options.block_cache) {
return {rep_->filter.get(), nullptr};
}
// Fetching from the cache
Cache* block_cache = rep_->options.block_cache.get();
char cache_key[kMaxCacheKeyPrefixSize + kMaxVarint64Length];
auto key = GetCacheKey(
rep_->cache_key_prefix,
rep_->cache_key_prefix_size,
rep_->metaindex_handle,
cache_key
);
Statistics* statistics = rep_->options.statistics.get();
auto cache_handle = GetFromBlockCache(
block_cache,
key,
BLOCK_CACHE_FILTER_MISS,
BLOCK_CACHE_FILTER_HIT,
statistics
);
FilterBlockReader* filter = nullptr;
if (cache_handle != nullptr) {
filter = reinterpret_cast<FilterBlockReader*>(
block_cache->Value(cache_handle));
} else if (no_io) {
// Do not invoke any io.
return CachableEntry<FilterBlockReader>();
} else {
size_t filter_size = 0;
std::unique_ptr<Block> meta;
std::unique_ptr<Iterator> iter;
auto s = ReadMetaBlock(rep_, &meta, &iter);
if (s.ok()) {
std::string filter_block_key = kFilterBlockPrefix;
filter_block_key.append(rep_->options.filter_policy->Name());
iter->Seek(filter_block_key);
if (iter->Valid() && iter->key() == Slice(filter_block_key)) {
filter = ReadFilter(iter->value(), rep_, &filter_size);
assert(filter);
assert(filter_size > 0);
cache_handle = block_cache->Insert(
key, filter, filter_size, &DeleteCachedFilter);
RecordTick(statistics, BLOCK_CACHE_ADD);
}
}
}
return { filter, cache_handle };
}
// Get the iterator from the index block.
Iterator* BlockBasedTable::IndexBlockReader(const ReadOptions& options) const {
if (rep_->index_block) {
assert (!rep_->options.block_cache);
return rep_->index_block->NewIterator(rep_->options.comparator);
}
// get index block from cache
assert (rep_->options.block_cache);
bool didIO = false;
CachableEntry<Block> entry;
auto s = GetBlock(
this,
rep_->index_handle,
options,
false, /* for compaction */
BLOCK_CACHE_INDEX_MISS,
BLOCK_CACHE_INDEX_HIT,
&didIO,
&entry
);
Iterator* iter;
if (entry.value != nullptr) {
iter = entry.value->NewIterator(rep_->options.comparator);
if (entry.cache_handle) {
iter->RegisterCleanup(
&ReleaseBlock, rep_->options.block_cache.get(), entry.cache_handle
);
} else {
iter->RegisterCleanup(&DeleteBlock, entry.value, nullptr);
}
} else {
iter = NewErrorIterator(s);
}
return iter;
}
Iterator* BlockBasedTable::BlockReader(void* arg,
const ReadOptions& options,
const EnvOptions& soptions,
const Slice& index_value,
bool for_compaction) {
return BlockReader(arg, options, index_value, nullptr, for_compaction);
}
// This will be broken if the user specifies an unusual implementation
// of Options.comparator, or if the user specifies an unusual
// definition of prefixes in Options.filter_policy. In particular, we
// require the following three properties:
//
// 1) key.starts_with(prefix(key))
// 2) Compare(prefix(key), key) <= 0.
// 3) If Compare(key1, key2) <= 0, then Compare(prefix(key1), prefix(key2)) <= 0
//
// Otherwise, this method guarantees no I/O will be incurred.
//
// REQUIRES: this method shouldn't be called while the DB lock is held.
bool BlockBasedTable::PrefixMayMatch(const Slice& internal_prefix) {
bool may_match = true;
Status s;
if (!rep_->options.filter_policy) {
return true;
}
// To prevent any io operation in this method, we set `read_tier` to make
// sure we always read index or filter only when they have already been
// loaded to memory.
ReadOptions no_io_read_options;
no_io_read_options.read_tier = kBlockCacheTier;
unique_ptr<Iterator> iiter(
IndexBlockReader(no_io_read_options)
);
iiter->Seek(internal_prefix);
if (!iiter->Valid()) {
// we're past end of file
// if it's incomplete, it means that we avoided I/O
// and we're not really sure that we're past the end
// of the file
may_match = iiter->status().IsIncomplete();
} else if (ExtractUserKey(iiter->key()).starts_with(
ExtractUserKey(internal_prefix))) {
// we need to check for this subtle case because our only
// guarantee is that "the key is a string >= last key in that data
// block" according to the doc/table_format.txt spec.
//
// Suppose iiter->key() starts with the desired prefix; it is not
// necessarily the case that the corresponding data block will
// contain the prefix, since iiter->key() need not be in the
// block. However, the next data block may contain the prefix, so
// we return true to play it safe.
may_match = true;
} else {
// iiter->key() does NOT start with the desired prefix. Because
// Seek() finds the first key that is >= the seek target, this
// means that iiter->key() > prefix. Thus, any data blocks coming
// after the data block corresponding to iiter->key() cannot
// possibly contain the key. Thus, the corresponding data block
// is the only one which could potentially contain the prefix.
Slice handle_value = iiter->value();
BlockHandle handle;
s = handle.DecodeFrom(&handle_value);
assert(s.ok());
auto filter_entry = GetFilter(true /* no io */);
may_match =
filter_entry.value == nullptr ||
filter_entry.value->PrefixMayMatch(handle.offset(), internal_prefix);
filter_entry.Release(rep_->options.block_cache.get());
}
Statistics* statistics = rep_->options.statistics.get();
RecordTick(statistics, BLOOM_FILTER_PREFIX_CHECKED);
if (!may_match) {
RecordTick(statistics, BLOOM_FILTER_PREFIX_USEFUL);
}
return may_match;
}
Iterator* BlockBasedTable::NewIterator(const ReadOptions& options) {
if (options.prefix) {
InternalKey internal_prefix(*options.prefix, 0, kTypeValue);
if (!PrefixMayMatch(internal_prefix.Encode())) {
// nothing in this file can match the prefix, so we should not
// bother doing I/O to this file when iterating.
return NewEmptyIterator();
}
}
return NewTwoLevelIterator(
IndexBlockReader(options),
&BlockBasedTable::BlockReader,
const_cast<BlockBasedTable*>(this),
options,
rep_->soptions
);
}
Status BlockBasedTable::Get(
const ReadOptions& readOptions,
const Slice& key,
void* handle_context,
bool (*result_handler)(void* handle_context, const Slice& k,
const Slice& v, bool didIO),
void (*mark_key_may_exist_handler)(void* handle_context)) {
Status s;
Iterator* iiter = IndexBlockReader(readOptions);
auto filter_entry = GetFilter(readOptions.read_tier == kBlockCacheTier);
FilterBlockReader* filter = filter_entry.value;
bool done = false;
for (iiter->Seek(key); iiter->Valid() && !done; iiter->Next()) {
Slice handle_value = iiter->value();
BlockHandle handle;
bool may_not_exist_in_filter =
filter != nullptr &&
handle.DecodeFrom(&handle_value).ok() &&
!filter->KeyMayMatch(handle.offset(), key);
if (may_not_exist_in_filter) {
// Not found
// TODO: think about interaction with Merge. If a user key cannot
// cross one data block, we should be fine.
RecordTick(rep_->options.statistics.get(), BLOOM_FILTER_USEFUL);
break;
} else {
bool didIO = false;
unique_ptr<Iterator> block_iter(
BlockReader(this, readOptions, iiter->value(), &didIO));
if (readOptions.read_tier && block_iter->status().IsIncomplete()) {
// couldn't get block from block_cache
// Update Saver.state to Found because we are only looking for whether
// we can guarantee the key is not there when "no_io" is set
(*mark_key_may_exist_handler)(handle_context);
break;
}
// Call the *saver function on each entry/block until it returns false
for (block_iter->Seek(key); block_iter->Valid(); block_iter->Next()) {
if (!(*result_handler)(handle_context, block_iter->key(),
block_iter->value(), didIO)) {
done = true;
break;
}
}
s = block_iter->status();
}
}
filter_entry.Release(rep_->options.block_cache.get());
if (s.ok()) {
s = iiter->status();
}
delete iiter;
return s;
}
bool SaveDidIO(void* arg, const Slice& key, const Slice& value, bool didIO) {
*reinterpret_cast<bool*>(arg) = didIO;
return false;
}
bool BlockBasedTable::TEST_KeyInCache(const ReadOptions& options,
const Slice& key) {
// We use Get() as it has logic that checks whether we read the
// block from the disk or not.
bool didIO = false;
Status s = Get(options, key, &didIO, SaveDidIO);
assert(s.ok());
return !didIO;
}
uint64_t BlockBasedTable::ApproximateOffsetOf(const Slice& key) {
Iterator* index_iter = IndexBlockReader(ReadOptions());
index_iter->Seek(key);
uint64_t result;
if (index_iter->Valid()) {
BlockHandle handle;
Slice input = index_iter->value();
Status s = handle.DecodeFrom(&input);
if (s.ok()) {
result = handle.offset();
} else {
// Strange: we can't decode the block handle in the index block.
// We'll just return the offset of the metaindex block, which is
// close to the whole file size for this case.
result = rep_->metaindex_handle.offset();
}
} else {
// key is past the last key in the file. Approximate the offset
// by returning the offset of the metaindex block (which is
// right near the end of the file).
result = rep_->metaindex_handle.offset();
}
delete index_iter;
return result;
}
const std::string BlockBasedTable::kFilterBlockPrefix =
"filter.";
const std::string BlockBasedTable::kPropertiesBlock =
"rocksdb.properties";
const std::string BlockBasedTablePropertiesNames::kDataSize =
"rocksdb.data.size";
const std::string BlockBasedTablePropertiesNames::kIndexSize =
"rocksdb.index.size";
const std::string BlockBasedTablePropertiesNames::kFilterSize =
"rocksdb.filter.size";
const std::string BlockBasedTablePropertiesNames::kRawKeySize =
"rocksdb.raw.key.size";
const std::string BlockBasedTablePropertiesNames::kRawValueSize =
"rocksdb.raw.value.size";
const std::string BlockBasedTablePropertiesNames::kNumDataBlocks =
"rocksdb.num.data.blocks";
const std::string BlockBasedTablePropertiesNames::kNumEntries =
"rocksdb.num.entries";
const std::string BlockBasedTablePropertiesNames::kFilterPolicy =
"rocksdb.filter.policy";
} // namespace rocksdb