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    C++ Header Files    [C++ Reference]
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<ul class="toc">
<li class="level2"><div class="li"><span class="li"><a href="#c_header_files" class="toc">C++ Header Files</a></span></div>
<ul class="toc">
<li class="level3"><div class="li"><span class="li"><a href="#containers" class="toc">Containers</a></span></div></li>
<li class="level3"><div class="li"><span class="li"><a href="#general" class="toc">General</a></span></div></li>
<li class="level3"><div class="li"><span class="li"><a href="#c_strings" class="toc">C++ Strings</a></span></div></li>
<li class="level3"><div class="li"><span class="li"><a href="#c_streams_and_inputoutput" class="toc">C++ Streams and Input/Output</a></span></div></li>
<li class="level3"><div class="li"><span class="li"><a href="#numerics" class="toc">Numerics</a></span></div></li>
<li class="level3"><div class="li"><span class="li"><a href="#language_support" class="toc">Language Support</a></span></div></li>
<li class="level3"><div class="li"><span class="li"><a href="#c_standard_library" class="toc">C Standard Library</a></span></div></li></ul>
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<h2><a name="c_header_files" id="c_header_files">C++ Header Files</a></h2>
<div class="level2">

<p>

This page lists the various header files that are available in standard C++, grouped by topic.
</p>

</div>

<h3><a name="containers" id="containers">Containers</a></h3>
<div class="level3">
<table class="inline">
	<tr class="row0">
		<td class="col0"><a href="stl/bitset/start.html" class="wikilink1" title="stl:bitset:start">&lt;bitset&gt;</a></td><td class="col1">Provides the specialized container class <a href="stl/bitset/start.html" class="wikilink1" title="stl:bitset:start">std::bitset</a>, a bit array.</td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row1">
		<td class="col0"><a href="stl/deque/start.html" class="wikilink1" title="stl:deque:start">&lt;deque&gt;</a></td><td class="col1">Provides the container class template <a href="stl/deque/start.html" class="wikilink1" title="stl:deque:start">std::deque</a>, a double-ended queue.</td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row2">
		<td class="col0"><a href="stl/list/start.html" class="wikilink1" title="stl:list:start">&lt;list&gt;</a></td><td class="col1">Provides the container class template <a href="stl/list/start.html" class="wikilink1" title="stl:list:start">std::list</a>, a doubly-linked list.</td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row3">
		<td class="col0"><a href="stl/map/start.html" class="wikilink1" title="stl:map:start">&lt;map&gt;</a></td><td class="col1">Provides the container class templates <a href="stl/map/start.html" class="wikilink1" title="stl:map:start">std::map</a> and <a href="stl/multimap/start.html" class="wikilink1" title="stl:multimap:start">std::multimap</a>, an associative array and multimap.</td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row4">
		<td class="col0"><a href="stl/queue/start.html" class="wikilink1" title="stl:queue:start">&lt;queue&gt;</a></td><td class="col1">Provides the container adapter class <a href="stl/queue/start.html" class="wikilink1" title="stl:queue:start">std::queue</a>, a single-ended queue.</td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row5">
		<td class="col0"><a href="stl/set/start.html" class="wikilink1" title="stl:set:start">&lt;set&gt;</a></td><td class="col1">Provides the container class templates <a href="stl/set/start.html" class="wikilink1" title="stl:set:start">std::set</a> and <a href="stl/multiset/start.html" class="wikilink1" title="stl:multiset:start">std::multiset</a>, sorted associative containers or sets.</td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row6">
		<td class="col0"><a href="stl/stack/start.html" class="wikilink1" title="stl:stack:start">&lt;stack&gt;</a></td><td class="col1">Provides the container adapter class <a href="stl/stack/start.html" class="wikilink1" title="stl:stack:start">std::stack</a>, a stack.</td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row7">
		<td class="col0"><a href="stl/vector/start.html" class="wikilink1" title="stl:vector:start">&lt;vector&gt;</a></td><td class="col1">Provides the container class template <a href="stl/vector/start.html" class="wikilink1" title="stl:vector:start">std::vector</a>, a dynamic array.</td>
	</tr>
</table>

</div>

<h3><a name="general" id="general">General</a></h3>
<div class="level3">
<table class="inline">
	<tr class="row0">
		<td class="col0"><a href="stl/algorithm/start.html" class="wikilink1" title="stl:algorithm:start">&lt;algorithm&gt;</a></td><td class="col1">Provides definitions of many container algorithms.</td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row1">
		<td class="col0"><a href="stl/functional/start.html" class="wikilink1" title="stl:functional:start">&lt;functional&gt;</a></td><td class="col1">Provides several function objects, designed for use with the standard algorithms.</td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row2">
		<td class="col0"><a href="stl/iterators.html" class="wikilink1" title="stl:iterators">&lt;iterator&gt;</a></td><td class="col1">Provides classes and templates for working with iterators.</td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row3">
		<td class="col0">&lt;locale&gt;</td><td class="col1">Provides classes and templates for working with locales.</td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row4">
		<td class="col0"><a href="stl/memory/start.html" class="wikilink1" title="stl:memory:start">&lt;memory&gt;</a></td><td class="col1">Provides facilities for memory management in C++, including the class template <a href="stl/memory/auto_ptr.html" class="wikilink1" title="stl:memory:auto_ptr">std::auto_ptr</a>.</td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row5">
		<td class="col0"><a href="exception/start.html" class="wikilink1" title="exception:start">&lt;stdexcept&gt;</a></td><td class="col1">Contains standard exception classes such as std::logic_error and std::runtime_error, both derived from std::exception.</td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row6">
		<td class="col0"><a href="stl/utility/start.html" class="wikilink1" title="stl:utility:start">&lt;utility&gt;</a></td><td class="col1">Provides the template class <a href="stl/utility/pair.html" class="wikilink1" title="stl:utility:pair">std::pair</a>, for working with pairs (two-member tuples) of objects.</td>
	</tr>
</table>

</div>

<h3><a name="c_strings" id="c_strings">C++ Strings</a></h3>
<div class="level3">
<table class="inline">
	<tr class="row0">
		<td class="col0"><a href="string/start.html" class="wikilink1" title="string:start">&lt;string&gt;</a></td><td class="col1">Provides the C++ standard string classes and templates.</td>
	</tr>
</table>

</div>

<h3><a name="c_streams_and_inputoutput" id="c_streams_and_inputoutput">C++ Streams and Input/Output</a></h3>
<div class="level3">
<table class="inline">
	<tr class="row0">
		<td class="col0"><a href="io/start.html" class="wikilink1" title="io:start">&lt;fstream&gt;</a></td><td class="col1">Provides facilities for file-based input and output.</td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row1">
		<td class="col0"><a href="io/start.html" class="wikilink1" title="io:start">&lt;ios&gt;</a></td><td class="col1">Provides several types and functions basic to the operation of iostreams.</td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row2">
		<td class="col0"><a href="io/start.html" class="wikilink1" title="io:start">&lt;iostream&gt;</a></td><td class="col1">Provides C++ input and output fundamentals.</td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row3">
		<td class="col0"><a href="io/start.html" class="wikilink1" title="io:start">&lt;iosfwd&gt;</a></td><td class="col1">Provides forward declarations of several I/O-related class templates.</td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row4">
		<td class="col0"><a href="io/start.html" class="wikilink1" title="io:start">&lt;iomanip&gt;</a></td><td class="col1">Provides facilities to manipulate output formatting, such as the base used when formatting integers and the precision of floating point values.</td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row5">
		<td class="col0"><a href="io/sstream/start.html" class="wikilink1" title="io:sstream:start">&lt;istream&gt;</a></td><td class="col1">Provides the template class std::istream and other supporting classes for input.</td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row6">
		<td class="col0"><a href="io/sstream/start.html" class="wikilink1" title="io:sstream:start">&lt;ostream&gt;</a></td><td class="col1">Provides the template class std::ostream and other supporting classes for output.</td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row7">
		<td class="col0"><a href="io/sstream/start.html" class="wikilink1" title="io:sstream:start">&lt;sstream&gt;</a></td><td class="col1">Provides the template class std::sstream and other supporting classes for string manipulation.</td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row8">
		<td class="col0">&lt;streambuf&gt;</td><td class="col1"> </td>
	</tr>
</table>

</div>

<h3><a name="numerics" id="numerics">Numerics</a></h3>
<div class="level3">
<table class="inline">
	<tr class="row0">
		<td class="col0"><a href="complex/start.html" class="wikilink1" title="complex:start">&lt;complex&gt;</a></td><td class="col1">Provides class template std::complex and associated functions for working with complex numbers.</td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row1">
		<td class="col0"><a href="numeric/start.html" class="wikilink2" title="numeric:start" rel="nofollow">&lt;numeric&gt;</a></td><td class="col1">Provides algorithms for numerical processing.</td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row2">
		<td class="col0"><a href="valarray/start.html" class="wikilink1" title="valarray:start">&lt;valarray&gt;</a></td><td class="col1">Provides the template class std::valarray, an array class optimized for numeric processing.</td>
	</tr>
</table>

</div>

<h3><a name="language_support" id="language_support">Language Support</a></h3>
<div class="level3">
<table class="inline">
	<tr class="row0">
		<td class="col0"><a href="exception/start.html" class="wikilink1" title="exception:start">&lt;exception&gt;</a></td><td class="col1">Provides several types and functions related to exception handling, including std::exception, the base class of all exceptions thrown by the Standard Library.</td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row1">
		<td class="col0"><a href="limits/start.html" class="wikilink1" title="limits:start">&lt;limits&gt;</a></td><td class="col1">Provides the template class <a href="limits/numeric_limits.html" class="wikilink1" title="limits:numeric_limits">std::numeric_limits</a>, used for describing properties of fundamental numeric types.</td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row2">
		<td class="col0"><a href="new/start.html" class="wikilink2" title="new:start" rel="nofollow">&lt;new&gt;</a></td><td class="col1">Provides operators new and delete and other functions and types composing the fundamentals of C++ memory management.</td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row3">
		<td class="col0"><a href="typeinfo/start.html" class="wikilink1" title="typeinfo:start">&lt;typeinfo&gt;</a></td><td class="col1">Provides facilities for working with C++ run-time type information.</td>
	</tr>
</table>

</div>

<h3><a name="c_standard_library" id="c_standard_library">C Standard Library</a></h3>
<div class="level3">

<p>

Each header from the <a href="c/start.html" class="wikilink1" title="c:start">C standard library</a> is included in the C++
standard library under a different name, generated by removing the .h,
and adding a &#039;c&#039; at the start, for example <code>time.h</code> becomes
<code>ctime</code>. The only difference between these headers and the traditional
C standard library headers is that where possible the functions should
be placed into the <code>std:: namespace</code> (although few compilers actually do
this). In <acronym title="International Organization for Standardization">ISO</acronym> C, functions in standard library are allowed to be
implemented by macros, which is not allowed by <acronym title="International Organization for Standardization">ISO</acronym> C++.

</p>
<ul>
<li class="level1"><div class="li"> &lt;cassert&gt;</div>
</li>
<li class="level1"><div class="li"> &lt;cctype&gt;</div>
</li>
<li class="level1"><div class="li"> &lt;cerrno&gt;</div>
</li>
<li class="level1"><div class="li"> &lt;cfloat&gt;</div>
</li>
<li class="level1"><div class="li"> &lt;climits&gt;</div>
</li>
<li class="level1"><div class="li"> &lt;cmath&gt;</div>
</li>
<li class="level1"><div class="li"> &lt;csetjmp&gt;</div>
</li>
<li class="level1"><div class="li"> &lt;csignal&gt;</div>
</li>
<li class="level1"><div class="li"> &lt;cstdlib&gt;</div>
</li>
<li class="level1"><div class="li"> &lt;cstddef&gt;</div>
</li>
<li class="level1"><div class="li"> &lt;cstdarg&gt;</div>
</li>
<li class="level1"><div class="li"> &lt;cstdio&gt;</div>
</li>
<li class="level1"><div class="li"> &lt;cstring&gt;</div>
</li>
<li class="level1"><div class="li"> &lt;ctime&gt;</div>
</li>
<li class="level1"><div class="li"> &lt;cwchar&gt;</div>
</li>
<li class="level1"><div class="li"> &lt;cwctype&gt;</div>
</li>
</ul>

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