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<h2><a name="erase" id="erase">erase</a></h2>
<div class="level2">

<p>
Syntax:
</p>
<pre class="c code c++" style="font-family:monospace;">    <span class="co2">#include &lt;list&gt;</span>
    iterator erase<span class="br0">&#40;</span> iterator loc <span class="br0">&#41;</span><span class="sy0">;</span>
    iterator erase<span class="br0">&#40;</span> iterator start<span class="sy0">,</span> iterator end <span class="br0">&#41;</span><span class="sy0">;</span></pre>
<p>
The erase method either deletes the element at location <code>loc</code>, or deletes the elements between <code>start</code> and <code>end</code> (including <code>start</code> but not including <code>end</code>). The return value is the element after the last element erased.
</p>

<p>
The first version of erase (the version that deletes a single element at location <code>loc</code>) runs in <a href="../../complexity.html" class="wikilink1" title="complexity">constant time</a>.  The multiple-element version of erase always takes <a href="../../complexity.html" class="wikilink1" title="complexity">linear time</a>.
</p>

<p>
Lists have the important property that insertion and splicing do not invalidate iterators to list elements, and that even removal invalidates only the iterators that point to the elements that are removed.
</p>

<p>
The ordering of iterators may be changed (that is, list&lt;T&gt;::iterator might have a different predecessor or successor after a list operation than it did before), but the iterators themselves will not be invalidated or made to point to different elements unless that invalidation or mutation is explicit.
</p>

<p>

For example:
</p>
<pre class="c code c++" style="font-family:monospace;">   <span class="co1">// Create a list, load it with the first ten characters of the alphabet</span>
   list<span class="sy0">&lt;</span>char<span class="sy0">&gt;</span> alphaList<span class="sy0">;</span>
   <span class="kw1">for</span><span class="br0">&#40;</span> <span class="kw4">int</span> i<span class="sy0">=</span><span class="nu0">0</span><span class="sy0">;</span> i <span class="sy0">&lt;</span> <span class="nu0">10</span><span class="sy0">;</span> i<span class="sy0">++</span> <span class="br0">&#41;</span> <span class="br0">&#123;</span>
     <span class="kw4">static</span> <span class="kw4">const</span> <span class="kw4">char</span> letters<span class="br0">&#91;</span><span class="br0">&#93;</span> <span class="sy0">=</span> <span class="st0">&quot;ABCDEFGHIJ&quot;</span><span class="sy0">;</span>
     alphaList.<span class="me1">push_back</span><span class="br0">&#40;</span> letters<span class="br0">&#91;</span>i<span class="br0">&#93;</span> <span class="br0">&#41;</span><span class="sy0">;</span>
   <span class="br0">&#125;</span>
   <span class="kw4">int</span> size <span class="sy0">=</span> alphaList.<span class="me1">size</span><span class="br0">&#40;</span><span class="br0">&#41;</span><span class="sy0">;</span>
   list<span class="sy0">&lt;</span>char<span class="sy0">&gt;::</span><span class="me2">iterator</span> startIterator<span class="sy0">;</span>
   list<span class="sy0">&lt;</span>char<span class="sy0">&gt;::</span><span class="me2">iterator</span> tempIterator<span class="sy0">;</span>
   <span class="kw1">for</span><span class="br0">&#40;</span> <span class="kw4">int</span> i<span class="sy0">=</span><span class="nu0">0</span><span class="sy0">;</span> i <span class="sy0">&lt;</span> size<span class="sy0">;</span> i<span class="sy0">++</span> <span class="br0">&#41;</span> <span class="br0">&#123;</span>
     startIterator <span class="sy0">=</span> alphaList.<span class="me1">begin</span><span class="br0">&#40;</span><span class="br0">&#41;</span><span class="sy0">;</span>
     alphaList.<span class="me1">erase</span><span class="br0">&#40;</span> startIterator <span class="br0">&#41;</span><span class="sy0">;</span>
     <span class="co1">// Display the list</span>
     copy<span class="br0">&#40;</span> alphaList.<span class="me1">begin</span><span class="br0">&#40;</span><span class="br0">&#41;</span><span class="sy0">,</span> alphaList.<span class="me1">end</span><span class="br0">&#40;</span><span class="br0">&#41;</span><span class="sy0">,</span> ostream_iterator<span class="sy0">&lt;</span>char<span class="sy0">&gt;</span><span class="br0">&#40;</span><a href="http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/cout.html"><span class="kw3">cout</span></a><span class="br0">&#41;</span> <span class="br0">&#41;</span><span class="sy0">;</span>
     <a href="http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/cout.html"><span class="kw3">cout</span></a> <span class="sy0">&lt;&lt;</span> endl<span class="sy0">;</span>
   <span class="br0">&#125;</span></pre>
<p>
That code would display the following output:
</p>
<pre class="code">
   BCDEFGHIJ
   CDEFGHIJ
   DEFGHIJ
   EFGHIJ
   FGHIJ
   GHIJ
   HIJ
   IJ
   J</pre>
<p>
In the next example, erase() is called with two iterators to delete a range of
elements from a list:
</p>
<pre class="c code c++" style="font-family:monospace;">   <span class="co1">// create a list, load it with the first ten characters of the alphabet</span>
   list<span class="sy0">&lt;</span>char<span class="sy0">&gt;</span> alphaList<span class="sy0">;</span>
   <span class="kw1">for</span><span class="br0">&#40;</span> <span class="kw4">int</span> i<span class="sy0">=</span><span class="nu0">0</span><span class="sy0">;</span> i <span class="sy0">&lt;</span> <span class="nu0">10</span><span class="sy0">;</span> i<span class="sy0">++</span> <span class="br0">&#41;</span> <span class="br0">&#123;</span>
     <span class="kw4">static</span> <span class="kw4">const</span> <span class="kw4">char</span> letters<span class="br0">&#91;</span><span class="br0">&#93;</span> <span class="sy0">=</span> <span class="st0">&quot;ABCDEFGHIJ&quot;</span><span class="sy0">;</span>
     alphaList.<span class="me1">push_back</span><span class="br0">&#40;</span> letters<span class="br0">&#91;</span>i<span class="br0">&#93;</span> <span class="br0">&#41;</span><span class="sy0">;</span>
   <span class="br0">&#125;</span>
   <span class="co1">// display the complete list</span>
   copy<span class="br0">&#40;</span> alphaList.<span class="me1">begin</span><span class="br0">&#40;</span><span class="br0">&#41;</span><span class="sy0">,</span> alphaList.<span class="me1">end</span><span class="br0">&#40;</span><span class="br0">&#41;</span><span class="sy0">,</span> ostream_iterator<span class="sy0">&lt;</span>char<span class="sy0">&gt;</span><span class="br0">&#40;</span><a href="http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/cout.html"><span class="kw3">cout</span></a><span class="br0">&#41;</span> <span class="br0">&#41;</span><span class="sy0">;</span>
   <a href="http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/cout.html"><span class="kw3">cout</span></a> <span class="sy0">&lt;&lt;</span> endl<span class="sy0">;</span>
&nbsp;
   <span class="co1">// use erase to remove all but the first two and last three elements</span>
   <span class="co1">// of the list</span>
   alphaList.<span class="me1">erase</span><span class="br0">&#40;</span> advance<span class="br0">&#40;</span>alphaList.<span class="me1">begin</span><span class="br0">&#40;</span><span class="br0">&#41;</span><span class="sy0">,</span>2<span class="br0">&#41;</span><span class="sy0">,</span> advance<span class="br0">&#40;</span>alphaList.<span class="me1">end</span><span class="br0">&#40;</span><span class="br0">&#41;</span><span class="sy0">,-</span>3<span class="br0">&#41;</span> <span class="br0">&#41;</span><span class="sy0">;</span>
   <span class="co1">// display the modified list</span>
   copy<span class="br0">&#40;</span> alphaList.<span class="me1">begin</span><span class="br0">&#40;</span><span class="br0">&#41;</span><span class="sy0">,</span> alphaList.<span class="me1">end</span><span class="br0">&#40;</span><span class="br0">&#41;</span><span class="sy0">,</span> ostream_iterator<span class="sy0">&lt;</span>char<span class="sy0">&gt;</span><span class="br0">&#40;</span><a href="http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/cout.html"><span class="kw3">cout</span></a><span class="br0">&#41;</span> <span class="br0">&#41;</span><span class="sy0">;</span>
   <a href="http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/cout.html"><span class="kw3">cout</span></a> <span class="sy0">&lt;&lt;</span> endl<span class="sy0">;</span></pre>
<p>
When run, the above code displays:
</p>
<pre class="code">
   ABCDEFGHIJ
   ABHIJ</pre>
<p>

Related Topics: <a href="../../stl/list/clear.html" class="wikilink1" title="stl:list:clear">clear</a>, <a href="../../stl/list/insert.html" class="wikilink1" title="stl:list:insert">insert</a>, <a href="../../stl/list/pop_back.html" class="wikilink1" title="stl:list:pop_back">pop_back</a>, <a href="../../stl/list/pop_front.html" class="wikilink1" title="stl:list:pop_front">pop_front</a>, <a href="../../stl/list/remove.html" class="wikilink1" title="stl:list:remove">remove</a>, <a href="../../stl/list/remove_if.html" class="wikilink1" title="stl:list:remove_if">remove_if</a>
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