package CGI::Info;
# TODO: remove the expect argument
use warnings;
use strict;
use Class::Autouse qw{Carp File::Spec};
use Socket; # For AF_INET
use 5.006_001;
use Log::Any qw($log);
use JSON::Parse;
use namespace::clean;
=head1 NAME
CGI::Info - Information about the CGI environment
=head1 VERSION
Version 0.64
=cut
our $VERSION = '0.64';
=head1 SYNOPSIS
All too often Perl programs have information such as the script's name
hard-coded into their source.
Generally speaking, hard-coding is bad style since it can make programs
difficult to read and it reduces readability and portability.
CGI::Info attempts to remove that.
Furthermore, to aid script debugging, CGI::Info attempts to do sensible
things when you're not running the program in a CGI environment.
use CGI::Info;
my $info = CGI::Info->new();
# ...
=head1 SUBROUTINES/METHODS
=head2 new
Creates a CGI::Info object.
It takes four optional arguments allow, logger, expect and upload_dir,
which are documented in the params() method.
Takes an optional parameter syslog, to log messages to
L<Sys::Syslog>.
It can be a boolean to enable/disable logging to syslog, or a reference
to a hash to be given to Sys::Syslog::setlogsock.
Takes optional parameter logger, an object which is used for warnings
Takes optional parameter cache, an object which is used to cache IP lookups.
This cache object is an object that understands get() and set() messages,
such as a L<CHI> object.
Takes optional parameter max_upload, which is the maximum file size you can upload
(-1 for no limit), the default is 512MB.
=cut
our $stdin_data; # Class variable storing STDIN in case the class
# is instantiated more than once
sub new {
my $proto = shift;
my $class = ref($proto) || $proto;
return unless(defined($class));
my %args = (ref($_[0]) eq 'HASH') ? %{$_[0]} : @_;
return bless {
# _script_name => undef,
# _script_path => undef,
# _site => undef,
# _cgi_site => undef,
# _domain => undef,
# _paramref => undef,
_allow => $args{allow} ? $args{allow} : undef,
_expect => $args{expect} ? $args{expect} : undef,
_upload_dir => $args{upload_dir} ? $args{upload_dir} : undef,
_max_upload_size => $args{max_upload_size} || 512 * 1024,
_logger => $args{logger},
_syslog => $args{syslog},
_cache => $args{cache}, # e.g. CHI
_status => 200,
}, $class;
}
=head2 script_name
Returns the name of the CGI script.
This is useful for POSTing, thus avoiding putting hardcoded paths into forms
use CGI::Info;
my $info = CGI::Info->new();
my $script_name = $info->script_name();
# ...
print "<form method=\"POST\" action=$script_name name=\"my_form\">\n";
=cut
sub script_name {
my $self = shift;
unless($self->{_script_name}) {
$self->_find_paths();
}
return $self->{_script_name};
}
sub _find_paths {
my $self = shift;
require File::Basename;
File::Basename->import();
if($ENV{'SCRIPT_NAME'}) {
$self->{_script_name} = File::Basename::basename($ENV{'SCRIPT_NAME'});
} else {
$self->{_script_name} = File::Basename::basename($0);
}
$self->{_script_name} = $self->_untaint_filename({
filename => $self->{_script_name}
});
if($ENV{'SCRIPT_FILENAME'}) {
$self->{_script_path} = $ENV{'SCRIPT_FILENAME'};
} elsif($ENV{'SCRIPT_NAME'} && $ENV{'DOCUMENT_ROOT'}) {
my $script_name = $ENV{'SCRIPT_NAME'};
if(substr($script_name, 0, 1) eq '/') {
# It's usually the case, e.g. /cgi-bin/foo.pl
$script_name = substr($script_name, 1);
}
$self->{_script_path} = File::Spec->catfile($ENV{'DOCUMENT_ROOT' }, $script_name);
} elsif($ENV{'SCRIPT_NAME'} && !$ENV{'DOCUMENT_ROOT'}) {
if(File::Spec->file_name_is_absolute($ENV{'SCRIPT_NAME'}) &&
(-r $ENV{'SCRIPT_NAME'})) {
# Called from a command line with a full path
$self->{_script_path} = $ENV{'SCRIPT_NAME'};
} else {
require Cwd;
Cwd->import;
my $script_name = $ENV{'SCRIPT_NAME'};
if(substr($script_name, 0, 1) eq '/') {
# It's usually the case, e.g. /cgi-bin/foo.pl
$script_name = substr($script_name, 1);
}
$self->{_script_path} = File::Spec->catfile(Cwd::abs_path(), $script_name);
}
} elsif(File::Spec->file_name_is_absolute($0)) {
# Called from a command line with a full path
$self->{_script_path} = $0;
} else {
$self->{_script_path} = File::Spec->rel2abs($0);
}
$self->{_script_path} = $self->_untaint_filename({
filename => $self->{_script_path}
});
}
=head2 script_path
Finds the full path name of the script.
use CGI::Info;
my $info = CGI::Info->new();
my $fullname = $info->script_path();
my @statb = stat($fullname);
if(@statb) {
my $mtime = localtime $statb[9];
print "Last-Modified: $mtime\n";
# TODO: only for HTTP/1.1 connections
# $etag = Digest::MD5::md5_hex($html);
printf "ETag: \"%x\"\n", $statb[9];
}
=cut
sub script_path {
my $self = shift;
unless($self->{_script_path}) {
$self->_find_paths();
}
return $self->{_script_path};
}
=head2 script_dir
Returns the file system directory containing the script.
use CGI::Info;
use File::Spec;
my $info = CGI::Info->new();
print 'HTML files are normally stored in ' . $info->script_dir() . '/' . File::Spec->updir() . "\n";
=cut
sub script_dir {
my $self = shift;
unless($self->{_script_path}) {
$self->_find_paths();
}
# Don't use File::Spec->splitpath() since that can leave in the trailing
# slash
if($^O eq 'MSWin32') {
if($self->{_script_path} =~ /(.+)\\.+?$/) {
return $1;
}
} else {
if($self->{_script_path} =~ /(.+)\/.+?$/) {
return $1;
}
}
return $self->{_script_path};
}
=head2 host_name
Return the host-name of the current web server, according to CGI.
If the name can't be determined from the web server, the system's host-name
is used as a fall back.
This may not be the same as the machine that the CGI script is running on,
some ISPs and other sites run scripts on different machines from those
delivering static content.
There is a good chance that this will be domain_name() prepended with either
'www' or 'cgi'.
use CGI::Info;
my $info = CGI::Info->new();
my $host_name = $info->host_name();
my $protocol = $info->protocol();
# ...
print "Thank you for visiting our <A HREF=\"$protocol://$host_name\">Website!</A>";
=cut
sub host_name {
my $self = shift;
unless($self->{_site}) {
$self->_find_site_details();
}
return $self->{_site};
}
sub _find_site_details {
my $self = shift;
if($self->{_logger}) {
$self->{_logger}->trace('Entering _find_site_details');
}
if($self->{_site} && $self->{_cgi_site}) {
return;
}
require URI::Heuristic;
URI::Heuristic->import;
if($ENV{'HTTP_HOST'}) {
$self->{_cgi_site} = URI::Heuristic::uf_uristr($ENV{'HTTP_HOST'});
# Remove trailing dots from the name. They are legal in URLs
# and some sites link using them to avoid spoofing (nice)
if($self->{_cgi_site} =~ /(.*)\.+$/) {
$self->{_cgi_site} = $1;
}
} elsif($ENV{'SERVER_NAME'}) {
$self->{_cgi_site} = URI::Heuristic::uf_uristr($ENV{'SERVER_NAME'});
if(defined($self->protocol()) && ($self->protocol() ne 'http')) {
$self->{_cgi_site} =~ s/^http//;
$self->{_cgi_site} = $self->protocol() . $self->{_cgi_site};
}
} else {
require Sys::Hostname;
Sys::Hostname->import;
$self->{_cgi_site} = Sys::Hostname->hostname;
}
unless($self->{_site}) {
$self->{_site} = $self->{_cgi_site};
}
if($self->{_site} =~ /^https?:\/\/(.+)/) {
$self->{_site} = $1;
}
unless($self->{_cgi_site} =~ /^https?:\/\//) {
my $protocol = $self->protocol();
unless($protocol) {
$protocol = 'http';
}
$self->{_cgi_site} = "$protocol://" . $self->{_cgi_site};
}
unless($self->{_site} && $self->{_cgi_site}) {
$self->_warn({
warning => 'Could not determine site name'
});
}
if($self->{_logger}) {
$self->{_logger}->trace('Leaving _find_site_details');
}
}
=head2 domain_name
Domain_name is the name of the controlling domain for this website.
Usually it will be similar to host_name, but will lack the http:// prefix.
=cut
sub domain_name {
my $self = shift;
if($self->{_domain}) {
return $self->{_domain};
}
$self->_find_site_details();
if($self->{_site}) {
$self->{_domain} = $self->{_site};
if($self->{_domain} =~ /^www\.(.+)/) {
$self->{_domain} = $1;
}
}
return $self->{_domain};
}
=head2 cgi_host_url
Return the URL of the machine running the CGI script.
=cut
sub cgi_host_url {
my $self = shift;
unless($self->{_cgi_site}) {
$self->_find_site_details();
}
return $self->{_cgi_site};
}
=head2 params
Returns a reference to a hash list of the CGI arguments.
CGI::Info helps you to test your script prior to deployment on a website:
if it is not in a CGI environment (e.g. the script is being tested from the
command line), the program's command line arguments (a list of key=value pairs)
are used, if there are no command line arguments then they are read from stdin
as a list of key=value lines. Also you can give one of --tablet, --search-engine,
--mobile and --robot to mimic those agents. For example:
./script.cgi --mobile name=Nigel
Returns undef if the parameters can't be determined or if none were given.
If an argument is given twice or more, then the values are put in a comma
separated string.
The returned hash value can be passed into L<CGI::Untaint>.
Takes four optional parameters: allow, expect, logger and upload_dir.
The parameters are passed in a hash, or a reference to a hash.
The latter is more efficient since it puts less on the stack.
Allow is a reference to a hash list of CGI parameters that you will allow.
The value for each entry is a regular expression of permitted values for
the key.
A undef value means that any value will be allowed.
Arguments not in the list are silently ignored.
This is useful to help to block attacks on your site.
Expect is a reference to a list of arguments that you expect to see and pass on.
Arguments not in the list are silently ignored.
This is useful to help to block attacks on your site.
Its use is deprecated, use allow instead.
Expect will be removed in a later version.
Upload_dir is a string containing a directory where files being uploaded are to
be stored.
Takes optional parameter logger, an object which is used for warnings and
traces.
This logger object is an object that understands warn() and trace() messages,
such as a L<Log::Log4perl> or L<Log::Any> object.
The allow, expect, logger and upload_dir arguments can also be passed to the
constructor.
use CGI::Info;
use CGI::Untaint;
# ...
my $info = CGI::Info->new();
my %params;
if($info->params()) {
%params = %{$info->params()};
}
# ...
foreach(keys %params) {
print "$_ => $params{$_}\n";
}
my $u = CGI::Untaint->new(%params);
use CGI::Info;
use CGI::IDS;
# ...
my $info = CGI::Info->new();
my $allowed = {
'foo' => qr(^\d*$), # foo must be a number, or empty
'bar' => undef,
'xyzzy' => qr(^[\w\s-]+$), # must be alphanumeric
# to prevent XSS, and non-empty
# as a sanity check
};
my $paramsref = $info->params(allow => $allowed);
# or
my @expected = ('foo', 'bar');
my $paramsref = $info->params({
expect => \@expected,
upload_dir = $info->tmpdir()
});
if(defined($paramsref)) {
my $ids = CGI::IDS->new();
$ids->set_scan_keys(scan_keys => 1);
if($ids->detect_attacks(request => $paramsref) > 0) {
die 'horribly';
}
}
If the request is an XML request (i.e. the content type of the POST is text/xml),
CGI::Info will put the request into the params element 'XML', thus:
use CGI::Info;
...
my $info = CGI::Info->new();
my $paramsref = $info->params(); # See BUGS below
my $xml = $$paramsref{'XML'};
# ... parse and process the XML request in $xml
=cut
sub params {
my $self = shift;
my %args = (ref($_[0]) eq 'HASH') ? %{$_[0]} : @_;
if((defined($self->{_paramref})) && ((!defined($args{'allow'})) || defined($self->{_allow}) && ($args{'allow'} eq $self->{_allow}))) {
return $self->{_paramref};
}
if(defined($args{allow})) {
$self->{_allow} = $args{allow};
}
if(defined($args{expect})) {
$self->{_expect} = $args{expect};
}
if(defined($args{upload_dir})) {
$self->{_upload_dir} = $args{upload_dir};
}
if(defined($args{logger})) {
$self->{_logger} = $args{logger};
}
my @pairs;
my $content_type = $ENV{'CONTENT_TYPE'};
my %FORM;
if((!$ENV{'GATEWAY_INTERFACE'}) || (!$ENV{'REQUEST_METHOD'})) {
if(@ARGV) {
@pairs = @ARGV;
if(defined($pairs[0])) {
if($pairs[0] eq '--robot') {
$self->{_is_robot} = 1;
shift @pairs;
} elsif($pairs[0] eq '--mobile') {
$self->{_is_mobile} = 1;
shift @pairs;
} elsif($pairs[0] eq '--search-engine') {
$self->{_is_search_engine} = 1;
shift @pairs;
} elsif($pairs[0] eq '--tablet') {
$self->{_is_tablet} = 1;
shift @pairs;
}
}
} elsif($stdin_data) {
@pairs = split(/\n/, $stdin_data);
} elsif(!$self->{_args_read}) {
my $oldfh = select(STDOUT);
print "Entering debug mode\n",
"Enter key=value pairs - end with quit\n";
select($oldfh);
# Avoid prompting for the arguments more than once
# if just 'quit' is entered
$self->{_args_read} = 1;
while(<STDIN>) {
chop(my $line = $_);
$line =~ s/[\r\n]//g;
last if $line eq 'quit';
push(@pairs, $line);
$stdin_data .= "$line\n";
}
}
} elsif(($ENV{'REQUEST_METHOD'} eq 'GET') || ($ENV{'REQUEST_METHOD'} eq 'HEAD')) {
unless($ENV{'QUERY_STRING'}) {
return;
}
if((defined($content_type)) && ($content_type =~ /multipart\/form-data/i)) {
$self->_warn({
warning => 'Multipart/form-data not supported for GET'
});
}
@pairs = split(/&/, $ENV{'QUERY_STRING'});
} elsif($ENV{'REQUEST_METHOD'} eq 'POST') {
if(!defined($ENV{'CONTENT_LENGTH'})) {
return;
}
my $content_length = $ENV{'CONTENT_LENGTH'};
if(($self->{_max_upload_size} >= 0) && ($content_length > $self->{_max_upload_size})) { # Set maximum posts
# TODO: Design a way to tell the caller to send HTTP
# status 413
$self->{_status} = 413;
$self->_warn({ warning => 'Large upload prohibited' });
return;
}
if((!defined($content_type)) || ($content_type =~ /application\/x-www-form-urlencoded/)) {
my $buffer;
if($stdin_data) {
$buffer = $stdin_data;
} else {
if(read(STDIN, $buffer, $content_length) != $content_length) {
$self->_warn({
warning => 'POST failed: something else may have read STDIN'
});
}
$stdin_data = $buffer;
}
@pairs = split(/&/, $buffer);
# if($ENV{'QUERY_STRING'}) {
# my @getpairs = split(/&/, $ENV{'QUERY_STRING'});
# push(@pairs, @getpairs);
# }
} elsif($content_type =~ /multipart\/form-data/i) {
if(!defined($self->{_upload_dir})) {
$self->_warn({
warning => 'Attempt to upload a file when upload_dir has not been set'
});
return;
}
if(!File::Spec->file_name_is_absolute($self->{_upload_dir})) {
$self->_warn({
warning => "upload_dir $self->{_upload_dir} isn\'t a full pathname"
});
delete $self->{_upload_dir};
return;
}
if(!-d $self->{_upload_dir}) {
$self->_warn({
warning => "upload_dir $self->{_upload_dir} isn\'t a directory"
});
delete $self->{_upload_dir};
return;
}
if(!-w $self->{_upload_dir}) {
delete $self->{_paramref};
$self->_warn({
warning => "upload_dir $self->{_upload_dir} isn\'t writeable"
});
delete $self->{_upload_dir};
return;
}
if($content_type =~ /boundary=(\S+)$/) {
@pairs = $self->_multipart_data({
length => $content_length,
boundary => $1
});
}
} elsif($content_type =~ /text\/xml/i) {
my $buffer;
if($stdin_data) {
$buffer = $stdin_data;
} else {
if(read(STDIN, $buffer, $content_length) != $content_length) {
$self->_warn({
warning => 'XML failed: something else may have read STDIN'
});
}
$stdin_data = $buffer;
}
$FORM{XML} = $buffer;
$self->{_paramref} = \%FORM;
return \%FORM;
} elsif($content_type =~ /application\/json/i) {
my $buffer;
if($stdin_data) {
$buffer = $stdin_data;
} else {
if(read(STDIN, $buffer, $content_length) != $content_length) {
$self->_warn({
warning => 'read failed: something else may have read STDIN'
});
}
$stdin_data = $buffer;
JSON::Parse::assert_valid_json($buffer);
my $paramref = JSON::Parse::parse_json($buffer);
foreach my $key(keys(%{$paramref})) {
push @pairs, "$key=" . $paramref->{$key};
}
}
} else {
my $buffer;
if($stdin_data) {
$buffer = $stdin_data;
} else {
if(read(STDIN, $buffer, $content_length) != $content_length) {
$self->_warn({
warning => 'read failed: something else may have read STDIN'
});
}
$stdin_data = $buffer;
}
$self->_warn({
warning => "POST: Invalid or unsupported content type: $content_type: $buffer",
});
}
# } elsif($ENV{'REQUEST_METHOD'} eq 'OPTIONS') {
# return;
# } elsif($ENV{'REQUEST_METHOD'} eq 'DELETE') {
# return;
} else {
# TODO: Design a way to tell the caller to send HTTP
# status 405
$self->{_status} = 405;
$self->_warn({
warning => 'Use POST, GET or HEAD'
});
}
unless(scalar @pairs) {
return;
}
# Can go when expect has been removed
if($self->{_expect}) {
require List::Member;
List::Member->import();
}
require String::Clean::XSS;
String::Clean::XSS->import();
# require String::EscapeCage;
# String::EscapeCage->import();
foreach my $arg (@pairs) {
my($key, $value) = split(/=/, $arg);
next unless($key);
$key =~ s/%([a-fA-F\d][a-fA-F\d])/pack("C", hex($1))/eg;
$key =~ tr/+/ /;
if($value) {
$value =~ s/%([a-fA-F\d][a-fA-F\d])/pack("C", hex($1))/eg;
$value =~ tr/+/ /;
} else {
$value = '';
}
$key = $self->_sanitise_input($key);
if($self->{_allow}) {
# Is this a permitted argument?
if(!exists($self->{_allow}->{$key})) {
if($self->{_logger}) {
$self->{_logger}->info("discard $key");
}
next;
}
# Do we allow any value, or must it be validated?
if(defined($self->{_allow}->{$key})) {
if($value !~ $self->{_allow}->{$key}) {
if($self->{_logger}) {
$self->{_logger}->info("block $key = $value");
}
next;
}
}
}
if($self->{_expect} && (member($key, @{$self->{_expect}}) == nota_member())) {
next;
}
$value = $self->_sanitise_input($value);
if($ENV{'REQUEST_METHOD'} && ($ENV{'REQUEST_METHOD'} eq 'GET')) {
# From http://www.symantec.com/connect/articles/detection-sql-injection-and-cross-site-scripting-attacks
if(($value =~ /(\%27)|(\')|(\-\-)|(\%23)|(\#)/ix) ||
($value =~ /((\%3D)|(=))[^\n]*((\%27)|(\')|(\-\-)|(\%3B)|(;))/i) ||
($value =~ /\w*((\%27)|(\'))((\%6F)|o|(\%4F))((\%72)|r|(\%52))/ix) ||
($value =~ /((\%27)|(\'))union/ix) ||
($value =~ /exec(\s|\+)+(s|x)p\w+/ix)) {
if($self->{_logger}) {
if($ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'}) {
$self->{_logger}->warn($ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'}, ": SQL injection attempt blocked for '$value'");
} else {
$self->{_logger}->warn("SQL injection attempt blocked for '$value'");
}
}
return;
}
if(($value =~ /((\%3C)|<)((\%2F)|\/)*[a-z0-9\%]+((\%3E)|>)/ix) ||
($value =~ /((\%3C)|<)[^\n]+((\%3E)|>)/i)) {
if($self->{_logger}) {
$self->{_logger}->warn("XSS injection attempt blocked for '$value'");
}
return;
}
}
if(length($value) > 0) {
# Don't add if it's already there
if($FORM{$key} && ($FORM{$key} ne $value)) {
$FORM{$key} .= ",$value";
} else {
$FORM{$key} = $value;
}
}
}
unless(%FORM) {
return;
}
if($self->{_logger}) {
while(my ($key,$value) = each %FORM) {
$self->{_logger}->debug("$key=$value");
$log->debug("$key=$value");
}
}
$self->{_paramref} = \%FORM;
return \%FORM;
}
=head2 param
Get a single parameter.
Takes an optional single string parameter which is the argument to return. If
that parameter is not given param() is a wrapper to params() with no arguments.
use CGI::Info;
# ...
my $info = CGI::Info->new();
my $bar = $info->param('foo');
If the requested parameter isn't in the allowed list, an error message will
be thrown:
use CGI::Info;
my $allowed = {
'foo' => qr(\d+),
};
my $xyzzy = $info->params(allow => $allowed);
my $bar = $info->param('bar'); # Gives an error message
Returns undef if the requested parameter was not given
=cut
sub param {
my ($self, $field) = @_;
if(!defined($field)) {
return $self->params();
}
# Is this a permitted argument?
if($self->{_allow} && !exists($self->{_allow}->{$field})) {
$self->_warn({
warning => "param: $field isn't in the allow list"
});
return;
}
if(defined($self->params())) {
return $self->params()->{$field};
}
return;
}
# Emit a warning message somewhere
sub _warn {
my ($self, $params) = @_;
my $warning = $$params{'warning'};
return unless($warning);
if($self eq __PACKAGE__) {
# Called from class method
Carp::carp($warning);
return;
}
# return if($self eq __PACKAGE__); # Called from class method
if($self->{_syslog}) {
require Sys::Syslog;
Sys::Syslog->import();
if(ref($self->{_syslog} eq 'HASH')) {
Sys::Syslog::setlogsock($self->{_syslog});
}
openlog($self->script_name(), 'cons,pid', 'user');
syslog('warning', $warning);
closelog();
}
if($self->{_logger}) {
$self->{_logger}->warn($warning);
} elsif(!defined($self->{_syslog})) {
Carp::carp($warning);
}
}
sub _sanitise_input {
my $self = shift;
my $arg = shift;
# Remove hacking attempts and spaces
$arg =~ s/[\r\n]//g;
$arg =~ s/\s+$//;
$arg =~ s/^\s//;
$arg =~ s/<!--.*-->//g;
# Allow :
# $arg =~ s/[;<>\*|`&\$!?#\(\)\[\]\{\}'"\\\r]//g;
# return $arg;
# return String::EscapeCage->new(convert_XSS($arg))->escapecstring();
return convert_XSS($arg);
}
sub _multipart_data {
my ($self, $args) = @_;
my $total_bytes = $$args{length};
if($total_bytes == 0) {
return;
}
unless($stdin_data) {
while(<STDIN>) {
chop(my $line = $_);
$line =~ s/[\r\n]//g;
$stdin_data .= "$line\n";
}
if(!$stdin_data) {
return;
}
}
my $boundary = $$args{boundary};
my @pairs;
my $writing_file = 0;
my $key;
my $value;
my $in_header = 0;
my $fout;
foreach my $line(split(/\n/, $stdin_data)) {
if($line =~ /^--\Q$boundary\E--$/) {
last;
}
if($line =~ /^--\Q$boundary\E$/) {
if($writing_file) {
close $fout;
$writing_file = 0;
} elsif(defined($key)) {
push(@pairs, "$key=$value");
$value = undef;
}
$in_header = 1;
} elsif($in_header) {
if(length($line) == 0) {
$in_header = 0;
} elsif($line =~ /^Content-Disposition: (.+)/i) {
my $field = $1;
if($field =~ /name="(.+?)"/) {
$key = $1;
}
if($field =~ /filename="(.+)?"/) {
my $filename = $1;
unless(defined($filename)) {
$self->_warn({
warning => 'No upload filename given'
});
} elsif($filename =~ /[\\\/\|]/) {
$self->_warn({
warning => "Disallowing invalid filename: $filename"
});
} else {
$filename = $self->_create_file_name({
filename => $filename
});
my $full_path = File::Spec->catfile($self->{_upload_dir}, $filename);
unless(open($fout, '>', $full_path)) {
$self->_warn({
warning => "Can't open $full_path"
});
}
$writing_file = 1;
push(@pairs, "$key=$filename");
}
}
}
# TODO: handle Content-Type: text/plain, etc.
} else {
if($writing_file) {
print $fout "$line\n";
} else {
$value .= $line;
}
}
}
if($writing_file) {
close $fout;
}
return @pairs;
}
sub _create_file_name
{
my ($self, $args) = @_;
return $$args{filename} . '_' . time;
}
# Untaint a filename. Regex from CGI::Untaint::Filenames
sub _untaint_filename
{
my ($self, $args) = @_;
if($$args{filename} =~ /(^[\w\+_\040\#\(\)\{\}\[\]\/\-\^,\.:;&%@\\~]+\$?$)/) {
return $1;
}
# return undef;
}
=head2 is_mobile
Returns a boolean if the website is being viewed on a mobile
device such as a smart-phone.
All tablets are mobile, but not all mobile devices are tablets.
=cut
sub is_mobile {
my $self = shift;
if(defined($self->{_is_mobile})) {
return $self->{_is_mobile};
}
if($ENV{'HTTP_X_WAP_PROFILE'}) {
# E.g. Blackberry
# TODO: Check the sanity of this variable
$self->{_is_mobile} = 1;
return 1;
}
if(my $agent = $ENV{'HTTP_USER_AGENT'}) {
if($agent =~ /.+(Android|iPhone).+/) {
$self->{_is_mobile} = 1;
return 1;
}
# From http://detectmobilebrowsers.com/
if ($agent =~ m/(android|bb\d+|meego).+mobile|avantgo|bada\/|blackberry|blazer|compal|elaine|fennec|hiptop|iemobile|ip(hone|od)|iris|kindle|lge |maemo|midp|mmp|mobile.+firefox|netfront|opera m(ob|in)i|palm( os)?|phone|p(ixi|re)\/|plucker|pocket|psp|series(4|6)0|symbian|treo|up\.(browser|link)|vodafone|wap|windows ce|xda|xiino/i || substr($ENV{'HTTP_USER_AGENT'}, 0, 4) =~ m/1207|6310|6590|3gso|4thp|50[1-6]i|770s|802s|a wa|abac|ac(er|oo|s\-)|ai(ko|rn)|al(av|ca|co)|amoi|an(ex|ny|yw)|aptu|ar(ch|go)|as(te|us)|attw|au(di|\-m|r |s )|avan|be(ck|ll|nq)|bi(lb|rd)|bl(ac|az)|br(e|v)w|bumb|bw\-(n|u)|c55\/|capi|ccwa|cdm\-|cell|chtm|cldc|cmd\-|co(mp|nd)|craw|da(it|ll|ng)|dbte|dc\-s|devi|dica|dmob|do(c|p)o|ds(12|\-d)|el(49|ai)|em(l2|ul)|er(ic|k0)|esl8|ez([4-7]0|os|wa|ze)|fetc|fly(\-|_)|g1 u|g560|gene|gf\-5|g\-mo|go(\.w|od)|gr(ad|un)|haie|hcit|hd\-(m|p|t)|hei\-|hi(pt|ta)|hp( i|ip)|hs\-c|ht(c(\-| |_|a|g|p|s|t)|tp)|hu(aw|tc)|i\-(20|go|ma)|i230|iac( |\-|\/)|ibro|idea|ig01|ikom|im1k|inno|ipaq|iris|ja(t|v)a|jbro|jemu|jigs|kddi|keji|kgt( |\/)|klon|kpt |kwc\-|kyo(c|k)|le(no|xi)|lg( g|\/(k|l|u)|50|54|\-[a-w])|libw|lynx|m1\-w|m3ga|m50\/|ma(te|ui|xo)|mc(01|21|ca)|m\-cr|me(rc|ri)|mi(o8|oa|ts)|mmef|mo(01|02|bi|de|do|t(\-| |o|v)|zz)|mt(50|p1|v )|mwbp|mywa|n10[0-2]|n20[2-3]|n30(0|2)|n50(0|2|5)|n7(0(0|1)|10)|ne((c|m)\-|on|tf|wf|wg|wt)|nok(6|i)|nzph|o2im|op(ti|wv)|oran|owg1|p800|pan(a|d|t)|pdxg|pg(13|\-([1-8]|c))|phil|pire|pl(ay|uc)|pn\-2|po(ck|rt|se)|prox|psio|pt\-g|qa\-a|qc(07|12|21|32|60|\-[2-7]|i\-)|qtek|r380|r600|raks|rim9|ro(ve|zo)|s55\/|sa(ge|ma|mm|ms|ny|va)|sc(01|h\-|oo|p\-)|sdk\/|se(c(\-|0|1)|47|mc|nd|ri)|sgh\-|shar|sie(\-|m)|sk\-0|sl(45|id)|sm(al|ar|b3|it|t5)|so(ft|ny)|sp(01|h\-|v\-|v )|sy(01|mb)|t2(18|50)|t6(00|10|18)|ta(gt|lk)|tcl\-|tdg\-|tel(i|m)|tim\-|t\-mo|to(pl|sh)|ts(70|m\-|m3|m5)|tx\-9|up(\.b|g1|si)|utst|v400|v750|veri|vi(rg|te)|vk(40|5[0-3]|\-v)|vm40|voda|vulc|vx(52|53|60|61|70|80|81|83|85|98)|w3c(\-| )|webc|whit|wi(g |nc|nw)|wmlb|wonu|x700|yas\-|your|zeto|zte\-/i) {
$self->{_is_mobile} = 1;
return 1;
}
# Save loading and calling HTTP::BrowserDetect
my $remote = $ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'};
if(defined($remote) && $self->{_cache}) {
my $is_mobile = $self->{_cache}->get("is_mobile/$remote/$agent");
if(defined($is_mobile)) {
$self->{_is_mobile} = $is_mobile;
return $is_mobile;
}
}
unless($self->{_browser_detect}) {
if(eval { require HTTP::BrowserDetect; }) {
HTTP::BrowserDetect->import();
$self->{_browser_detect} = HTTP::BrowserDetect->new($agent);
}
}
if($self->{_browser_detect}) {
my $device = $self->{_browser_detect}->device();
my $is_mobile = (defined($device) && ($device =~ /blackberry|webos|iphone|ipod|ipad|android/i));
if($self->{_cache} && defined($remote)) {
$self->{_cache}->set("is_mobile/$remote/$agent", $is_mobile, '1 day');
}
$self->{_is_mobile} = $is_mobile;
return $is_mobile;
}
}
return 0;
}
=head2 is_tablet
Returns a boolean if the website is being viewed on a tablet such as an iPad.
=cut
sub is_tablet {
my $self = shift;
if(defined($self->{_is_tablet})) {
return $self->{_is_tablet};
}
if($ENV{'HTTP_USER_AGENT'} && ($ENV{'HTTP_USER_AGENT'} =~ /.+(iPad|TabletPC).+/)) {
# TODO: add others when I see some nice user_agents
$self->{_is_tablet} = 1;
} else {
$self->{_is_tablet} = 0;
}
return $self->{_is_tablet};
}
=head2 as_string
Returns the parameters as a string, which is useful for debugging or
generating keys for a cache.
=cut
sub as_string {
my $self = shift;
unless($self->params()) {
return '';
}
my %f = %{$self->params()};
my $rc;
foreach (sort keys %f) {
my $value = $f{$_};
$value =~ s/\\/\\\\/g;
$value =~ s/(;|=)/\\$1/g;
if(defined($rc)) {
$rc .= ";$_=$value";
} else {
$rc = "$_=$value";
}
}
if($rc && $self->{_logger}) {
$self->{_logger}->debug("is_string: returning '$rc'");
}
return defined($rc) ? $rc : '';
}
=head2 protocol
Returns the connection protocol, presumably 'http' or 'https', or undef if
it can't be determined.
=cut
sub protocol {
my $self = shift;
if($ENV{'SCRIPT_URI'} && ($ENV{'SCRIPT_URI'} =~ /^(.+):\/\/.+/)) {
return $1;
}
if($ENV{'SERVER_PROTOCOL'} && ($ENV{'SERVER_PROTOCOL'} =~ /^HTTP\//)) {
return 'http';
}
my $port = $ENV{'SERVER_PORT'};
if(defined($port)) {
my $name = getservbyport($port, 'tcp');
if(defined($name)) {
if($name =~ /https?/) {
return $name;
} elsif($name eq 'www') {
# e.g. NetBSD and OpenBSD
return 'http';
}
# Return an error, maybe missing something
} elsif($port == 80) {
# e.g. Solaris
return 'http';
} elsif($port == 443) {
return 'https';
}
}
if($ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'}) {
$self->_warn({ warning => "Can't determine the calling protocol" });
}
return;
}
=head2 tmpdir
Returns the name of a directory that you can use to create temporary files
in.
The routine is preferable to L<File::Spec/tmpdir> since CGI programs are
often running on shared servers. Having said that, tmpdir will fall back
to File::Spec->tmpdir() if it can't find somewhere better.
If the parameter 'default' is given, then use that directory as a
fall-back rather than the value in File::Spec->tmpdir().
No sanity tests are done, so if you give the default value of
'/non-existant', that will be returned.
Tmpdir allows a reference of the options to be passed.
use CGI::Info;
my $info = CGI::Info->new();
my $dir = $info->tmpdir(default => '/var/tmp');
my $dir = $info->tmpdir({ default => '/var/tmp' });
# or
my $dir = CGI::Info->tmpdir();
=cut
sub tmpdir {
my $self = shift;
my %params = (ref($_[0]) eq 'HASH') ? %{$_[0]} : @_;
my $name = 'tmp';
if($^O eq 'MSWin32') {
$name = 'temp';
}
my $dir;
if($ENV{'C_DOCUMENT_ROOT'} && (-d $ENV{'C_DOCUMENT_ROOT'})) {
$dir = File::Spec->catdir($ENV{'C_DOCUMENT_ROOT'}, $name);
if((-d $dir) && (-w $dir)) {
return $self->_untaint_filename({ filename => $dir });
}
$dir = $ENV{'C_DOCUMENT_ROOT'};
if((-d $dir) && (-w $dir)) {
return $self->_untaint_filename({ filename => $dir });
}
}
if($ENV{'DOCUMENT_ROOT'} && (-d $ENV{'DOCUMENT_ROOT'})) {
$dir = File::Spec->catdir($ENV{'DOCUMENT_ROOT'}, File::Spec->updir(), $name);
if((-d $dir) && (-w $dir)) {
return $self->_untaint_filename({ filename => $dir });
}
}
return $params{default} ? $params{default} : File::Spec->tmpdir();
}
=head2 rootdir
Returns the document root. This is preferable to looking at DOCUMENT_ROOT
in the environment because it will also work when we're not running as a CGI
script, which is useful for script debugging.
This can be run as a class or object method.
use CGI::Info;
print CGI::Info->rootdir();
=cut
sub rootdir {
if($ENV{'C_DOCUMENT_ROOT'} && (-d $ENV{'C_DOCUMENT_ROOT'})) {
return $ENV{'C_DOCUMENT_ROOT'};
} elsif($ENV{'DOCUMENT_ROOT'} && (-d $ENV{'DOCUMENT_ROOT'})) {
return $ENV{'DOCUMENT_ROOT'};
}
my $script_name = $0;
unless(File::Spec->file_name_is_absolute($script_name)) {
$script_name = File::Spec->rel2abs($script_name);
}
if($script_name =~ /.cgi\-bin.*/) { # kludge for outside CGI environment
$script_name =~ s/.cgi\-bin.*//;
}
if(-f $script_name) { # More kludge
if($^O eq 'MSWin32') {
if($script_name =~ /(.+)\\.+?$/) {
return $1;
}
} else {
if($script_name =~ /(.+)\/.+?$/) {
return $1;
}
}
}
return $script_name;
}
=head2 is_robot
Is the visitor a real person or a robot?
use CGI::Info;
my $info = CGI::Info->new();
unless($info->is_robot()) {
# update site visitor statistics
}
=cut
sub is_robot {
my $self = shift;
if(defined($self->{_is_robot})) {
return $self->{_is_robot};
}
my $agent = $ENV{'HTTP_USER_AGENT'};
my $remote = $ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'};
unless($remote && $agent) {
# Probably not running in CGI - assume real person
return 0;
}
if($agent =~ /.+bot|msnptc|is_archiver|backstreet|spider|scoutjet|gingersoftware|heritrix|dodnetdotcom|yandex|nutch|ezooms|plukkie|nova\.6scan\.com|Twitterbot/i) {
$self->{_is_robot} = 1;
return 1;
}
if(my $referrer = $ENV{'HTTP_REFERER'}) {
# https://agency.ohow.co/google-analytics-implementation-audit/google-analytics-historical-spam-list/
my @crawler_lists = (
'http://fix-website-errors.com',
'http://keywords-monitoring-your-success.com',
'http://free-video-tool.com',
'http://magnet-to-torrent.com',
'http://torrent-to-magnet.com',
'http://dogsrun.net',
'http://###.responsive-test.net',
'http://uptime.com',
'http://uptimechecker.com',
'http://top1-seo-service.com',
'http://fast-wordpress-start.com',
'http://wordpress-crew.net',
'http://dbutton.net',
'http://justprofit.xyz',
'http://video--production.com',
'http://buttons-for-website.com',
'http://buttons-for-your-website.com',
'http://success-seo.com',
'http://videos-for-your-business.com',
'http://semaltmedia.com',
'http://dailyrank.net',
'http://uptimebot.net',
'http://sitevaluation.org',
'http://100dollars-seo.com',
'http://forum69.info',
'http://partner.semalt.com',
'http://best-seo-offer.com',
'http://best-seo-solution.com',
'http://semalt.semalt.com',
'http://semalt.com',
'http://7makemoneyonline.com',
'http://anticrawler.org',
'http://baixar-musicas-gratis.com',
'http://descargar-musica-gratis.net',
# Mine
'http://www.seokicks.de/robot.html',
);
if(($referrer =~ /\)/) || (grep(/^$referrer/, @crawler_lists))) {
if($self->{_logger}) {
$self->{_logger}->debug("is_robot: blocked trawler $referrer");
}
$self->{_is_robot} = 1;
return 1;
}
}
my $key;
if($self->{_cache}) {
$key = "is_robot/$remote/$agent";
if(defined(my $is_robot = $self->{_cache}->get($key))) {
$self->{_is_robot} = $is_robot;
return $is_robot;
}
}
unless($self->{_browser_detect}) {
if(eval { require HTTP::BrowserDetect; }) {
HTTP::BrowserDetect->import();
$self->{_browser_detect} = HTTP::BrowserDetect->new($agent);
}
}
if($self->{_browser_detect}) {
my $is_robot = $self->{_browser_detect}->robot();
if(defined($is_robot) && $self->{_logger}) {
$self->{_logger}->debug("HTTP::BrowserDetect '$ENV{HTTP_USER_AGENT}' returns $is_robot");
}
$is_robot = (defined($is_robot) && ($is_robot)) ? 1 : 0;
if($self->{_logger}) {
$self->{_logger}->debug("is_robot: $is_robot");
}
if($is_robot) {
if($self->{_cache}) {
$self->{_cache}->set($key, $is_robot, '1 day');
}
$self->{_is_robot} = $is_robot;
return $is_robot;
}
}
if($self->{_cache}) {
$self->{_cache}->set($key, 0, '1 day');
}
$self->{_is_robot} = 0;
return 0;
}
=head2 is_search_engine
Is the visitor a search engine?
use CGI::Info;
if(CGI::Info->new()->is_search_engine()) {
# display generic information about yourself
} else {
# allow the user to pick and choose something to display
}
=cut
sub is_search_engine {
my $self = shift;
if(defined($self->{_is_search_engine})) {
return $self->{_is_search_engine};
}
my $remote = $ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'};
my $agent = $ENV{'HTTP_USER_AGENT'};
unless($remote && $agent) {
# Probably not running in CGI - assume not a search engine
return 0;
}
my $key;
if($self->{_cache}) {
$key = "is_search/$remote/$agent";
my $is_search = $self->{_cache}->get($key);
if(defined($is_search)) {
$self->{_is_search_engine} = $is_search;
return $is_search;
}
}
# Don't use HTTP_USER_AGENT to detect more than we really have to since
# that is easily spoofed
if($agent =~ /www\.majestic12\.co\.uk|facebookexternal/) {
if($self->{_cache}) {
$self->{_cache}->set($key, 1, '1 day');
}
return 1;
}
unless($self->{_browser_detect}) {
if(eval { require HTTP::BrowserDetect; }) {
HTTP::BrowserDetect->import();
$self->{_browser_detect} = HTTP::BrowserDetect->new($agent);
}
}
if(my $browser = $self->{_browser_detect}) {
my $is_search = ($browser->google() || $browser->msn() || $browser->baidu() || $browser->altavista() || $browser->yahoo() || $browser->bingbot());
if((!$is_search) && $agent =~ /SeznamBot\//) {
$is_search = 1;
}
if($self->{_cache}) {
$self->{_cache}->set($key, $is_search, '1 day');
}
$self->{_is_search_engine} = $is_search;
return $is_search;
}
# TODO: DNS lookup, not gethostbyaddr - though that will be slow
my $hostname = gethostbyaddr(inet_aton($remote), AF_INET) || $remote;
if(($hostname =~ /google|msnbot|bingbot/) && ($hostname !~ /^google-proxy/)) {
if($self->{_cache}) {
$self->{_cache}->set($key, 1, '1 day');
}
$self->{_is_search_engine} = 1;
return 1;
}
if($self->{_cache}) {
$self->{_cache}->set($key, 0, '1 day');
}
$self->{_is_search_engine} = 0;
return 0;
}
=head2 browser_type
Returns one of 'web', 'search', 'robot' and 'mobile'.
# Code to display a different web page for a browser, search engine and
# smartphone
use Template;
use CGI::Info;
my $info = CGI::Info->new();
my $dir = $info->rootdir() . '/templates/' . $info->browser_type();
my $filename = ref($self);
$filename =~ s/::/\//g;
$filename = "$dir/$filename.tmpl";
if((!-f $filename) || (!-r $filename)) {
die "Can't open $filename";
}
my $template = Template->new();
$template->process($filename, {}) || die $template->error();
=cut
sub browser_type {
my $self = shift;
if($self->is_mobile()) {
return 'mobile';
}
if($self->is_search_engine()) {
return 'search';
}
if($self->is_robot()) {
return 'robot';
}
return 'web';
}
=head2 get_cookie
Returns a cookie's value, or undef if no name is given, or the requested
cookie isn't in the jar.
Deprecated - use cookie() instead.
use CGI::Info;
my $i = CGI::Info->new();
my $name = $i->get_cookie(cookie_name => 'name');
print "Your name is $name\n";
my $address = $i->get_cookie('address');
print "Your address is $address\n";
=cut
sub get_cookie {
my $self = shift;
my %params;
if(ref($_[0]) eq 'HASH') {
%params = %{$_[0]};
} elsif(@_ % 2 == 0) {
%params = @_;
} else {
$params{'cookie_name'} = shift;
}
if(!defined($params{'cookie_name'})) {
$self->_warn({
warning => 'cookie_name argument not given'
});
return;
}
unless($self->{_jar}) {
unless(defined($ENV{'HTTP_COOKIE'})) {
return;
}
my @cookies = split(/; /, $ENV{'HTTP_COOKIE'});
foreach my $cookie(@cookies) {
my ($name, $value) = split(/=/, $cookie);
$self->{_jar}->{$name} = $value;
}
}
if(exists($self->{_jar}->{$params{'cookie_name'}})) {
return $self->{_jar}->{$params{'cookie_name'}};
}
return; # Return undef
}
=head2 cookie
Returns a cookie's value, or undef if no name is given, or the requested
cookie isn't in the jar.
API is the same as "param", it will replace the "get_cookie" method in the future.
use CGI::Info;
my $name = CGI::Info->new()->get_cookie(name);
print "Your name is $name\n";
=cut
sub cookie {
my ($self, $field) = @_;
if(!defined($field)) {
$self->_warn({
warning => 'what cookie do you want?'
});
return;
}
unless($self->{_jar}) {
unless(defined($ENV{'HTTP_COOKIE'})) {
return;
}
my @cookies = split(/; /, $ENV{'HTTP_COOKIE'});
foreach my $cookie(@cookies) {
my ($name, $value) = split(/=/, $cookie);
$self->{_jar}->{$name} = $value;
}
}
if(exists($self->{_jar}->{$field})) {
return $self->{_jar}->{$field};
}
return; # Return undef
}
=head2 status
Returns the status of the object, 200 for OK, otherwise an HTTP error code
=cut
sub status {
my $self = shift;
return $self->{_status};
}
=head2 set_logger
Sometimes you don't know what the logger is until you've instantiated the class.
This function fixes the catch22 situation.
=cut
sub set_logger {
my $self = shift;
my %params;
if(ref($_[0]) eq 'HASH') {
%params = %{$_[0]};
} elsif(@_ % 2 == 0) {
%params = @_;
} else {
$params{'logger'} = shift;
}
$self->{_logger} = $params{'logger'};
}
=head2 reset
Class method to reset the class.
You should do this in an FCGI environment before instantiating, but nowhere else.
=cut
sub reset {
my $class = shift;
unless($class eq __PACKAGE__) {
Carp::carp 'Reset is a class method';
return;
}
$stdin_data = undef;
}
sub AUTOLOAD {
our $AUTOLOAD;
my $param = $AUTOLOAD;
$param =~ s/.*:://;
return if($param eq 'DESTROY');
my $self = shift;
return $self->param($param);
}
=head1 AUTHOR
Nigel Horne, C<< <njh at bandsman.co.uk> >>
=head1 BUGS
is_tablet() only currently detects the iPad and Windows PCs. Android strings
don't differ between tablets and smart-phones.
Please report any bugs or feature requests to C<bug-cgi-info at rt.cpan.org>,
or through the web interface at
L<http://rt.cpan.org/NoAuth/ReportBug.html?Queue=CGI-Info>.
I will be notified, and then you'll
automatically be notified of progress on your bug as I make changes.
params() returns a ref which means that calling routines can change the hash
for other routines.
Take a local copy before making amendments to the table if you don't want unexpected
things to happen.
=head1 SEE ALSO
L<HTTP::BrowserDetect>
=head1 SUPPORT
You can find documentation for this module with the perldoc command.
perldoc CGI::Info
You can also look for information at:
=over 4
=item * RT: CPAN's request tracker
L<http://rt.cpan.org/NoAuth/Bugs.html?Dist=CGI-Info>
=item * AnnoCPAN: Annotated CPAN documentation
L<http://annocpan.org/dist/CGI-Info>
=item * CPAN Ratings
L<http://cpanratings.perl.org/d/CGI-Info>
=item * Search CPAN
L<http://search.cpan.org/dist/CGI-Info/>
=back
=head1 LICENSE AND COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2010-2017 Nigel Horne.
This program is released under the following licence: GPL
=cut
1;