package Net::DNS::RR::RRSIG;
#
# $Id: RRSIG.pm 1597 2017-09-22 08:04:02Z willem $
#
our $VERSION = (qw$LastChangedRevision: 1597 $)[1];
use strict;
use warnings;
use base qw(Net::DNS::RR);
=head1 NAME
Net::DNS::RR::RRSIG - DNS RRSIG resource record
=cut
use integer;
use Carp;
use MIME::Base64;
use Time::Local;
use Net::DNS::Parameters;
use constant DEBUG => 0;
use constant UTIL => defined eval 'use Scalar::Util 1.25; 1;';
use constant PRIVATE => defined eval 'require Net::DNS::SEC::Private';
use constant DSA => defined eval 'require Net::DNS::SEC::DSA';
use constant RSA => defined eval 'require Net::DNS::SEC::RSA';
use constant ECDSA => defined eval 'require Net::DNS::SEC::ECDSA';
use constant EdDSA => defined eval 'require Net::DNS::SEC::EdDSA';
use constant GOST => defined eval 'require Net::DNS::SEC::ECCGOST';
use constant DNSSEC => PRIVATE && ( RSA || DSA || ECDSA || EdDSA );
my @field = qw(typecovered algorithm labels orgttl sigexpiration siginception keytag);
sub _decode_rdata { ## decode rdata from wire-format octet string
my $self = shift;
my ( $data, $offset ) = @_;
my $limit = $offset + $self->{rdlength};
@{$self}{@field} = unpack "\@$offset n C2 N3 n", $$data;
( $self->{signame}, $offset ) = decode Net::DNS::DomainName( $data, $offset + 18 );
$self->{sigbin} = substr $$data, $offset, $limit - $offset;
}
sub _encode_rdata { ## encode rdata as wire-format octet string
my $self = shift;
my $signame = $self->{signame};
pack 'n C2 N3 n a* a*', @{$self}{@field}, $signame->canonical, $self->sigbin;
}
sub _format_rdata { ## format rdata portion of RR string.
my $self = shift;
my $signame = $self->{signame};
my @sig64 = split /\s+/, encode_base64( $self->sigbin );
my @rdata = ( map( $self->$_, @field ), $signame->string, @sig64 );
}
sub _parse_rdata { ## populate RR from rdata in argument list
my $self = shift;
foreach ( @field, qw(signame) ) { $self->$_(shift) }
$self->signature(@_);
}
sub _defaults { ## specify RR attribute default values
my $self = shift;
$self->sigval(30);
}
#
# source: http://www.iana.org/assignments/dns-sec-alg-numbers
#
{
my @algbyname = (
'DELETE' => 0, # [RFC4034][RFC4398][RFC8078]
'RSAMD5' => 1, # [RFC3110][RFC4034]
'DH' => 2, # [RFC2539]
'DSA' => 3, # [RFC3755][RFC2536]
## Reserved => 4, # [RFC6725]
'RSASHA1' => 5, # [RFC3110][RFC4034]
'DSA-NSEC3-SHA1' => 6, # [RFC5155]
'RSASHA1-NSEC3-SHA1' => 7, # [RFC5155]
'RSASHA256' => 8, # [RFC5702]
## Reserved => 9, # [RFC6725]
'RSASHA512' => 10, # [RFC5702]
## Reserved => 11, # [RFC6725]
'ECC-GOST' => 12, # [RFC5933]
'ECDSAP256SHA256' => 13, # [RFC6605]
'ECDSAP384SHA384' => 14, # [RFC6605]
'ED25519' => 15, # [RFC8080]
'ED448' => 16, # [RFC8080]
'INDIRECT' => 252, # [RFC4034]
'PRIVATEDNS' => 253, # [RFC4034]
'PRIVATEOID' => 254, # [RFC4034]
## Reserved => 255, # [RFC4034]
);
my %algbyval = reverse @algbyname;
my @algrehash = map /^\d/ ? ($_) x 3 : do { s/[\W_]//g; uc($_) }, @algbyname;
my %algbyname = @algrehash; # work around broken cperl
sub _algbyname {
my $arg = shift;
my $key = uc $arg; # synthetic key
$key =~ s/[\W_]//g; # strip non-alphanumerics
my $val = $algbyname{$key};
return $val if defined $val;
return $key =~ /^\d/ ? $arg : croak "unknown algorithm $arg";
}
sub _algbyval {
my $value = shift;
$algbyval{$value} || return $value;
}
}
my $RSA = RSA ? 'Net::DNS::SEC::RSA' : 0;
my $DSA = DSA ? 'Net::DNS::SEC::DSA' : 0;
my $ECDSA = ECDSA ? 'Net::DNS::SEC::ECDSA' : 0;
my $EdDSA = EdDSA ? 'Net::DNS::SEC::EdDSA' : 0;
my $GOST = GOST ? 'Net::DNS::SEC::ECCGOST' : 0;
my %SEC = (
3 => $DSA,
5 => $RSA,
6 => $DSA,
7 => $RSA,
8 => $RSA,
10 => $RSA,
12 => $GOST,
13 => $ECDSA,
14 => $ECDSA,
15 => $EdDSA,
16 => $EdDSA,
);
sub typecovered {
my $self = shift;
$self->{typecovered} = typebyname(shift) if scalar @_;
my $typecode = $self->{typecovered};
typebyval($typecode) if defined wantarray && defined $typecode;
}
sub algorithm {
my ( $self, $arg ) = @_;
unless ( ref($self) ) { ## class method or simple function
my $argn = pop;
return $argn =~ /[^0-9]/ ? _algbyname($argn) : _algbyval($argn);
}
return $self->{algorithm} unless defined $arg;
return _algbyval( $self->{algorithm} ) if $arg =~ /MNEMONIC/i;
return $self->{algorithm} = _algbyname($arg);
}
sub labels {
my $self = shift;
$self->{labels} = 0 + shift if scalar @_;
$self->{labels} || 0;
}
sub orgttl {
my $self = shift;
$self->{orgttl} = 0 + shift if scalar @_;
$self->{orgttl} || 0;
}
sub sigexpiration {
my $self = shift;
$self->{sigexpiration} = _string2time(shift) if scalar @_;
my $time = $self->{sigexpiration};
return unless defined wantarray && defined $time;
return UTIL ? Scalar::Util::dualvar( $time, _time2string($time) ) : _time2string($time);
}
sub siginception {
my $self = shift;
$self->{siginception} = _string2time(shift) if scalar @_;
my $time = $self->{siginception};
return unless defined wantarray && defined $time;
return UTIL ? Scalar::Util::dualvar( $time, _time2string($time) ) : _time2string($time);
}
sub sigex { &sigexpiration; } ## historical
sub sigin { &siginception; } ## historical
sub sigval {
my $self = shift;
no integer;
( $self->{sigval} ) = map int( 86400 * $_ ), @_;
}
sub keytag {
my $self = shift;
$self->{keytag} = 0 + shift if scalar @_;
$self->{keytag} || 0;
}
sub signame {
my $self = shift;
$self->{signame} = new Net::DNS::DomainName(shift) if scalar @_;
$self->{signame}->name if $self->{signame};
}
sub sig {
my $self = shift;
return MIME::Base64::encode( $self->sigbin(), "" ) unless scalar @_;
$self->sigbin( MIME::Base64::decode( join "", @_ ) );
}
sub sigbin {
my $self = shift;
$self->{sigbin} = shift if scalar @_;
$self->{sigbin} || "";
}
sub signature { &sig; }
sub create {
unless (DNSSEC) {
croak 'Net::DNS::SEC support not available';
} else {
my ( $class, $rrsetref, $priv_key, %etc ) = @_;
$rrsetref = [$rrsetref] unless ref($rrsetref) eq 'ARRAY';
my $RR = $rrsetref->[0];
croak '$rrsetref is not reference to RR array' unless ref($RR) =~ /^Net::DNS::RR/;
# All the TTLs need to be the same in the data RRset.
my $ttl = $RR->ttl;
my @ttl = grep $_->ttl != $ttl, @$rrsetref;
croak 'RRs in RRset do not have same TTL' if scalar @ttl;
my $private = ref($priv_key) ? $priv_key : Net::DNS::SEC::Private->new($priv_key);
croak 'unable to parse private key' unless ref($private) eq 'Net::DNS::SEC::Private';
my @label = grep $_ ne chr(42), $RR->{owner}->_wire; # count labels
my $self = new Net::DNS::RR(
name => $RR->name,
type => 'RRSIG',
class => 'IN',
ttl => $ttl,
typecovered => $RR->type,
labels => scalar @label,
orgttl => $ttl,
siginception => time(),
algorithm => $private->algorithm,
keytag => $private->keytag,
signame => $private->signame,
);
while ( my ( $attribute, $value ) = each %etc ) {
$self->$attribute($value);
}
$self->{sigexpiration} = $self->{siginception} + $self->{sigval}
unless $self->{sigexpiration};
$self->_CreateSig( $self->_CreateSigData($rrsetref), $private );
return $self;
}
}
sub verify {
# Reminder...
# $rrsetref must be a reference to an array of RR objects.
# $keyref is either a key object or a reference to an array
# of key objects.
if (DNSSEC) {
my ( $self, $rrsetref, $keyref ) = @_;
croak '$keyref argument is scalar or undefined' unless ref($keyref);
print '$keyref argument is ', ref($keyref), "\n" if DEBUG;
if ( ref($keyref) eq "ARRAY" ) {
# We will recurse for each key that matches algorithm and key-id
# and return when there is a successful verification.
# If not, we will continue so that we can survive key-id collision.
# The downside of this is that the error string only matches the
# last error.
print "Iterating over ", scalar(@$keyref), " keys\n" if DEBUG;
my @error;
my $i;
foreach my $keyrr (@$keyref) {
my $result = $self->verify( $rrsetref, $keyrr );
return $result if $result;
my $error = $self->{vrfyerrstr};
$i++;
push @error, "key $i: $error";
print "key $i: $error\n" if DEBUG;
next;
}
$self->{vrfyerrstr} = join "\n", @error;
return 0;
} elsif ( $keyref->isa('Net::DNS::RR::DNSKEY') ) {
print "Validating using key with keytag: ", $keyref->keytag, "\n" if DEBUG;
} else {
croak join ' ', ref($keyref), 'can not be used as DNSSEC key';
}
$rrsetref = [$rrsetref] unless ref($rrsetref) eq 'ARRAY';
my $RR = $rrsetref->[0];
croak '$rrsetref not a reference to array of RRs' unless ref($RR) =~ /^Net::DNS::RR/;
if (DEBUG) {
print "\n ---------------------- RRSIG DEBUG --------------------";
print "\n SIG:\t", $self->string;
print "\n KEY:\t", $keyref->string;
print "\n -------------------------------------------------------\n";
}
$self->{vrfyerrstr} = '';
unless ( $self->algorithm == $keyref->algorithm ) {
$self->{vrfyerrstr} = 'algorithm does not match';
return 0;
}
unless ( $self->keytag == $keyref->keytag ) {
$self->{vrfyerrstr} = 'keytag does not match';
return 0;
}
$self->_VerifySig( $self->_CreateSigData($rrsetref), $keyref ) || return 0;
# time to do some time checking.
my $t = time;
if ( _ordered( $self->{sigexpiration}, $t ) ) {
$self->{vrfyerrstr} = join ' ', 'Signature expired at', $self->sigexpiration;
return 0;
} elsif ( _ordered( $t, $self->{siginception} ) ) {
$self->{vrfyerrstr} = join ' ', 'Signature valid from', $self->siginception;
return 0;
}
return 1;
}
} #END verify
sub vrfyerrstr {
my $self = shift;
$self->{vrfyerrstr};
}
########################################
sub _ordered($$) { ## irreflexive 32-bit partial ordering
use integer;
my ( $a, $b ) = @_;
return defined $b unless defined $a; # ( undef, any )
return 0 unless defined $b; # ( any, undef )
# unwise to assume 64-bit arithmetic, or that 32-bit integer overflow goes unpunished
if ( $a < 0 ) { # translate $a<0 region
$a = ( $a ^ 0x80000000 ) & 0xFFFFFFFF; # 0 <= $a < 2**31
$b = ( $b ^ 0x80000000 ) & 0xFFFFFFFF; # -2**31 <= $b < 2**32
}
return $a < $b ? ( $a > ( $b - 0x80000000 ) ) : ( $b < ( $a - 0x80000000 ) );
}
my $y1998 = timegm( 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1998 );
my $y2026 = timegm( 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 2026 );
my $y2082 = $y2026 << 1;
my $y2054 = $y2082 - $y1998;
my $m2026 = int( 0x80000000 - $y2026 );
my $m2054 = int( 0x80000000 - $y2054 );
my $t2082 = int( $y2082 & 0x7FFFFFFF );
my $t2100 = 1960058752;
sub _string2time { ## parse time specification string
my $arg = shift;
croak 'undefined time' unless defined $arg;
return int($arg) if length($arg) < 12;
my ( $y, $m, @dhms ) = unpack 'a4 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2', $arg . '00';
if ( $arg lt '20380119031408' ) { # calendar folding
return timegm( reverse(@dhms), $m - 1, $y ) if $y < 2026;
return timegm( reverse(@dhms), $m - 1, $y - 56 ) + $y2026;
} elsif ( $y > 2082 ) {
my $z = timegm( reverse(@dhms), $m - 1, $y - 84 ); # expunge 29 Feb 2100
return $z < 1456790400 ? $z + $y2054 : $z + $y2054 - 86400;
}
return ( timegm( reverse(@dhms), $m - 1, $y - 56 ) + $y2054 ) - $y1998;
}
sub _time2string { ## format time specification string
my $arg = shift;
croak 'undefined time' unless defined $arg;
my $ls31 = int( $arg & 0x7FFFFFFF );
if ( $arg & 0x80000000 ) {
if ( $ls31 > $t2082 ) {
$ls31 += 86400 unless $ls31 < $t2100; # expunge 29 Feb 2100
my ( $yy, $mm, @dhms ) = reverse( ( gmtime( $ls31 + $m2054 ) )[0 .. 5] );
return sprintf '%d%02d%02d%02d%02d%02d', $yy + 1984, $mm + 1, @dhms;
}
my ( $yy, $mm, @dhms ) = reverse( ( gmtime( $ls31 + $m2026 ) )[0 .. 5] );
return sprintf '%d%02d%02d%02d%02d%02d', $yy + 1956, $mm + 1, @dhms;
} elsif ( $ls31 > $y2026 ) {
my ( $yy, $mm, @dhms ) = reverse( ( gmtime( $ls31 - $y2026 ) )[0 .. 5] );
return sprintf '%d%02d%02d%02d%02d%02d', $yy + 1956, $mm + 1, @dhms;
}
my ( $yy, $mm, @dhms ) = reverse( ( gmtime $ls31 )[0 .. 5] );
return sprintf '%d%02d%02d%02d%02d%02d', $yy + 1900, $mm + 1, @dhms;
}
sub _CreateSigData {
# This method creates the data string that will be signed.
# See RFC4034(6) and RFC6840(5.1) on how this string is constructed
# This method is called by the method that creates a signature
# and by the method that verifies the signature. It is assumed
# that the creation method has checked that all the TTLs are
# the same for the rrsetref and that sig->orgttl has been set
# to the TTL of the data. This method will set the datarr->ttl
# to the sig->orgttl for all the RR in the rrsetref.
if (DNSSEC) {
my ( $self, $rrsetref ) = @_;
print "_CreateSigData\n" if DEBUG;
croak 'SIG0 using RRSIG not permitted' unless ref($rrsetref);
my @field = qw(typecovered algorithm labels orgttl sigexpiration siginception keytag);
my $sigdata = pack 'n C2 N3 n a*', @{$self}{@field}, $self->{signame}->canonical;
print "\npreamble\t", unpack( 'H*', $sigdata ), "\n" if DEBUG;
my $owner = $self->{owner}; # create wildcard domain name
my $limit = $self->{labels};
my @label = $owner->_wire;
shift @label while scalar @label > $limit;
my $wild = bless {label => \@label}, ref($owner); # DIY to avoid wrecking name cache
my $suffix = $wild->canonical;
unshift @label, chr(42); # asterisk
my @RR = map bless( {%$_}, ref($_) ), @$rrsetref; # shallow RR clone
my $RR = $RR[0];
my $class = $RR->class;
my $type = $RR->type;
my $ttl = $self->orgttl;
my %table;
foreach my $RR (@RR) {
my $ident = $RR->{owner}->canonical;
my $match = substr $ident, -length($suffix);
croak 'RRs in RRset have different NAMEs' if $match ne $suffix;
croak 'RRs in RRset have different TYPEs' if $type ne $RR->type;
croak 'RRs in RRset have different CLASS' if $class ne $RR->class;
$RR->ttl($ttl); # reset TTL
my $offset = 10 + length($suffix); # RDATA offset
if ( $ident ne $match ) {
$RR->{owner} = $wild;
$offset += 2;
print "\nsubstituting wildcard name: ", $RR->name if DEBUG;
}
# For sorting we create a hash table of canonical data keyed on RDATA
my $canonical = $RR->canonical;
$table{substr $canonical, $offset} = $canonical;
}
$sigdata = join '', $sigdata, map $table{$_}, sort keys %table;
if (DEBUG) {
my $i = 0;
foreach my $rdata ( sort keys %table ) {
print "\n>>> ", $i++, "\tRDATA:\t", unpack 'H*', $rdata;
print "\nRR: ", unpack( 'H*', $table{$rdata} ), "\n";
}
print "\n sigdata:\t", unpack( 'H*', $sigdata ), "\n";
}
return $sigdata;
}
}
########################################
sub _CreateSig {
if (DNSSEC) {
my $self = shift;
my $algorithm = $self->algorithm;
my $class = $SEC{$algorithm};
eval {
die "algorithm $algorithm not supported" unless $class;
$self->sigbin( $class->sign(@_) );
} || croak "${@}signature generation failed";
}
}
sub _VerifySig {
if (DNSSEC) {
my $self = shift;
my $algorithm = $self->algorithm;
my $class = $SEC{$algorithm};
my $retval = eval {
die "algorithm $algorithm not supported" unless $class;
$class->verify( @_, $self->sigbin );
};
unless ($retval) {
$self->{vrfyerrstr} = "${@}signature verification failed";
print "\n", $self->{vrfyerrstr}, "\n" if DEBUG;
return 0;
}
# uncoverable branch true # bug in Net::DNS::SEC or dependencies
croak "unknown error in $class->verify" unless $retval == 1;
print "\nalgorithm $algorithm verification successful\n" if DEBUG;
return 1;
}
}
1;
__END__
=head1 SYNOPSIS
use Net::DNS;
$rr = new Net::DNS::RR('name RRSIG typecovered algorithm labels
orgttl sigexpiration siginception
keytag signame signature');
use Net::DNS::SEC;
$sigrr = create Net::DNS::RR::RRSIG( \@rrset, $keypath,
sigex => 20171231010101
sigin => 20171201010101
);
$sigrr->verify( \@rrset, $keyrr ) || die $sigrr->vrfyerrstr;
=head1 DESCRIPTION
Class for DNS digital signature (RRSIG) resource records.
In addition to the regular methods inherited from Net::DNS::RR the
class contains a method to sign RRsets using private keys (create)
and a method for verifying signatures over RRsets (verify).
The RRSIG RR is an implementation of RFC4034.
See L<Net::DNS::RR::SIG> for an implementation of SIG0 (RFC2931).
=head1 METHODS
The available methods are those inherited from the base class augmented
by the type-specific methods defined in this package.
Use of undocumented package features or direct access to internal data
structures is discouraged and could result in program termination or
other unpredictable behaviour.
=head2 typecovered
$typecovered = $rr->typecovered;
The typecovered field identifies the type of the RRset that is
covered by this RRSIG record.
=head2 algorithm
$algorithm = $rr->algorithm;
The algorithm number field identifies the cryptographic algorithm
used to create the signature.
algorithm() may also be invoked as a class method or simple function
to perform mnemonic and numeric code translation.
=head2 labels
$labels = $rr->labels;
$rr->labels( $labels );
The labels field specifies the number of labels in the original RRSIG
RR owner name.
=head2 orgttl
$orgttl = $rr->orgttl;
$rr->orgttl( $orgttl );
The original TTL field specifies the TTL of the covered RRset as it
appears in the authoritative zone.
=head2 sigexpiration and siginception times
=head2 sigex sigin sigval
$expiration = $rr->sigexpiration;
$expiration = $rr->sigexpiration( $value );
$inception = $rr->siginception;
$inception = $rr->siginception( $value );
The signature expiration and inception fields specify a validity
time interval for the signature.
The value may be specified by a string with format 'yyyymmddhhmmss'
or a Perl time() value.
Return values are dual-valued, providing either a string value or
numerical Perl time() value.
=head2 keytag
$keytag = $rr->keytag;
$rr->keytag( $keytag );
The keytag field contains the key tag value of the DNSKEY RR that
validates this signature.
=head2 signame
$signame = $rr->signame;
$rr->signame( $signame );
The signer name field value identifies the owner name of the DNSKEY
RR that a validator is supposed to use to validate this signature.
=head2 signature
=head2 sig
$sig = $rr->sig;
$rr->sig( $sig );
The Signature field contains the cryptographic signature that covers
the RRSIG RDATA (excluding the Signature field) and the RRset
specified by the RRSIG owner name, RRSIG class, and RRSIG type
covered fields.
=head2 sigbin
$sigbin = $rr->sigbin;
$rr->sigbin( $sigbin );
Binary representation of the cryptographic signature.
=head2 create
Create a signature over a RR set.
use Net::DNS::SEC;
$keypath = '/home/olaf/keys/Kbla.foo.+001+60114.private';
$sigrr = create Net::DNS::RR::RRSIG( \@rrsetref, $keypath );
$sigrr = create Net::DNS::RR::RRSIG( \@rrsetref, $keypath,
sigex => 20171231010101
sigin => 20171201010101
);
$sigrr->print;
# Alternatively use Net::DNS::SEC::Private
$private = Net::DNS::SEC::Private->new($keypath);
$sigrr= create Net::DNS::RR::RRSIG( \@rrsetref, $private );
create() is an alternative constructor for a RRSIG RR object.
This method returns an RRSIG with the signature over the subject rrset
(an array of RRs) made with the private key stored in the key file.
The first argument is a reference to an array that contains the RRset
that needs to be signed.
The second argument is a string which specifies the path to a file
containing the private key as generated by dnssec-keygen.
The optional remaining arguments consist of ( name => value ) pairs
as follows:
sigex => 20171231010101, # signature expiration
sigin => 20171201010101, # signature inception
sigval => 30, # validity window (days)
ttl => 3600 # TTL
The sigin and sigex values may be specified as Perl time values or as
a string with the format 'yyyymmddhhmmss'. The default for sigin is
the time of signing.
The sigval argument specifies the signature validity window in days
( sigex = sigin + sigval ).
By default the signature is valid for 30 days.
By default the TTL matches the RRset that is presented for signing.
=head2 verify
$verify = $sigrr->verify( $rrsetref, $keyrr );
$verify = $sigrr->verify( $rrsetref, [$keyrr, $keyrr2, $keyrr3] );
$rrsetref contains a reference to an array of RR objects and the
method verifies the RRset against the signature contained in the
$sigrr object itself using the public key in $keyrr.
The second argument can either be a Net::DNS::RR::KEYRR object or a
reference to an array of such objects. Verification will return
successful as soon as one of the keys in the array leads to positive
validation.
Returns 0 on error and sets $sig->vrfyerrstr
=head2 vrfyerrstr
$verify = $sigrr->verify( $rrsetref, $keyrr );
print $sigrr->vrfyerrstr unless $verify;
$sigrr->verify( $rrsetref, $keyrr ) || die $sigrr->vrfyerrstr;
=head1 KEY GENERATION
Private key files and corresponding public DNSKEY records
are most conveniently generated using dnssec-keygen,
a program that comes with the ISC BIND distribution.
dnssec-keygen -a 10 -b 2048 -f ksk rsa.example.
dnssec-keygen -a 10 -b 1024 rsa.example.
dnssec-keygen -a 14 -f ksk ecdsa.example.
dnssec-keygen -a 14 ecdsa.example.
Do not change the name of the file generated by dnssec-keygen.
The create method uses the filename to determine the keyowner,
algorithm and the keyid (keytag).
=head1 REMARKS
The code is not optimised for speed.
It is probably not suitable to be used for signing large zones.
If this code is still around in 2100 (not a leap year) you will
need to check for proper handling of times ...
=head1 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Andy Vaskys (Network Associates Laboratories) supplied the code for
handling RSA with SHA1 (Algorithm 5).
T.J. Mather, the Crypt::OpenSSL::DSA maintainer, for his quick
responses to bug report and feature requests.
Dick Franks added support for elliptic curve signatures.
Mike McCauley created the Crypt::OpenSSL::ECDSA perl extension module
specifically for this development.
=head1 COPYRIGHT
Copyright (c)2001-2005 RIPE NCC, Olaf M. Kolkman
Copyright (c)2007-2008 NLnet Labs, Olaf M. Kolkman
Portions Copyright (c)2014 Dick Franks
All rights reserved.
Package template (c)2009,2012 O.M.Kolkman and R.W.Franks.
=head1 LICENSE
Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted, provided
that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that both that
copyright notice and this permission notice appear in supporting
documentation, and that the name of the author not be used in advertising
or publicity pertaining to distribution of the software without specific
prior written permission.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
=head1 SEE ALSO
L<perl>, L<Net::DNS>, L<Net::DNS::RR>, L<Net::DNS::SEC>,
RFC4034, RFC6840, RFC3755,
L<Net::DNS::SEC::DSA>,
L<Net::DNS::SEC::ECDSA>,
L<Net::DNS::SEC::EdDSA>,
L<Net::DNS::SEC::RSA>
L<Algorithm Numbers|http://www.iana.org/assignments/dns-sec-alg-numbers>
L<BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual|http://www.bind9.net/manuals>
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