NAME

    IPC::PerlSSH - execute remote perl code over an SSH link

SYNOPSIS

     use IPC::PerlSSH;
    
     my $ips = IPC::PerlSSH->new( Host => "over.there" );
    
     $ips->eval( "use POSIX qw( uname )" );
     my @remote_uname = $ips->eval( "uname()" );
    
     # We can pass arguments
     $ips->eval( 'open FILE, ">", $_[0]; print FILE $_[1]; close FILE;',
                 "foo.txt", "Hello, world!" );
    
     # We can pre-compile stored procedures
     $ips->store( "get_file", 'local $/; 
                               open FILE, "<", $_[0];
                               $_ = <FILE>;
                               close FILE;
                               return $_;' );
     foreach my $file ( @files ) {
        my $content = $ips->call( "get_file", $file );
        ...
     }
    
     # We can use existing libraries for remote stored procedures
     $ips->use_library( "FS", qw( readfile ) );
     foreach my $file ( @files ) {
        my $content = $ips->call( "readfile", $file );
        ...
     }

DESCRIPTION

    This module provides an object class that provides a mechanism to
    execute perl code in a remote instance of perl running on another host,
    communicated via an SSH link or similar connection. Where it differs
    from most other IPC modules is that no special software is required on
    the remote end, other than the ability to run perl. In particular, it
    is not required that the IPC::PerlSSH module is installed there. Nor
    are any special administrative rights required; any account that has
    shell access and can execute the perl binary on the remote host can use
    this module.

 Argument Passing

    The arguments to, and return values from, remote code are always
    transferred as lists of strings. This has the following effects on
    various types of values:

      * String values are passed as they stand.

      * Booleans and integers will become stringified, but will work as
      expected once they reach the other side of the connection.

      * Floating-point numbers will get converted to a decimal notation,
      which may lose precision.

      * A single array of strings, or a single hash of string values, can
      be passed by-value as a list, possibly after positional arguments:

       $ips->store( 'foo', 'my ( $arg, @list ) = @_; ...' );
      
       $ips->store( 'bar', 'my %opts = @_; ...' );

      * No reference value, including IO handles, can be passed; instead it
      will be stringified.

    To pass or return a more complex structure, consider using a module
    such as Storable, which can serialise the structure into a plain
    string, to be deserialised on the remote end. Be aware however, that
    Storable was only added to core in perl 5.7.3, so if the remote perl is
    older, it may not be available.

    To work with remote IO handles, see the IPC::PerlSSH::Library::IO
    module.

CONSTRUCTORS

 new (with Host)

       $ips = IPC::PerlSSH->new( Host => $host, ... )

    Returns a new instance of a IPC::PerlSSH object connected to the
    specified host. The following arguments can be specified:

    Host => STRING

      Connect to a named host.

    Port => INT

      Optionally specify a non-default port.

    Perl => STRING

      Optionally pass in the path to the perl binary in the remote host.

    User => STRING

      Optionally pass in an alternative username

    SshPath => STRING

      Optionally specify a different path to the ssh binary

    SshOptions => ARRAY

      Optionally specify any other options to pass to the ssh binary, in an
      ARRAY reference

 new (with Command)

       $ips = IPC::PerlSSH->new( Command => \@command, ... )

    Returns a new instance of a IPC::PerlSSH object which uses the
    STDIN/STDOUT streams of a command it executes, as the streams to
    communicate with the remote perl.

    Command => ARRAY

      Specifies the command to execute

    Command => STRING

      Shorthand form for executing a single simple path

    The Command key can be used to create an IPC::PerlSSH running perl
    directly on the local machine, for example; so that the "remote" perl
    is in fact running locally, but still in its own process.

     my $ips = IPC::PerlSSH->new( Command => $^X );

 new (with Readh + Writeh)

       $ips = IPC::PerlSSH->new( Readh => $rd, Writeh => $wr )

    Returns a new instance of a IPC::PerlSSH object using a given pair of
    filehandles to read from and write to the remote perl process. It is
    allowable for both filehandles to be the same - for example using a
    socket.

 new (with Readfunc + Writefunc)

       $ips = IPC::PerlSSH->new( Readfunc => \&read, Writefunc => \&write )

    Returns a new instance of a IPC::PerlSSH object using a given pair of
    functions as read and write operators.

    Usually this form won't be used in practice; it largely exists to
    assist the test scripts. But since it works, it is included in the
    interface in case the earlier alternatives are not suitable.

    The functions are called as

     $len = $Readfunc->( my $buffer, $maxlen );
    
     $len = $Writewrite->( $buffer );

    In each case, the returned value should be the number of bytes read or
    written.

METHODS

 eval

       @result = $ips->eval( $code, @args )

    This method evaluates code in the remote host, passing arguments and
    returning the result.

    The code should be passed in a string, and is evaluated using a string
    eval in the remote host, in list context. If this method is called in
    scalar context, then only the first element of the returned list is
    returned.

    If the remote code threw an exception, then this function propagates it
    as a plain string. If the remote process exits before responding, this
    will be propagated as an exception.

 store

       $ips->store( $name, $code )
    
       $ips->store( %funcs )

    This method sends code to the remote host to store in named
    procedure(s) which can be executed later. The code should be passed in
    strings.

    While the code is not executed, it will still be compiled into CODE
    references in the remote host. Any compile errors that occur will be
    throw as exceptions by this method.

    Multiple functions may be passed in a hash, to reduce the number of
    network roundtrips, which may help latency.

 bind

       $ips->bind( $name, $code )

    This method is identical to the store method, except that the remote
    function will be available as a plain function within the local perl
    program, as a function of the given name in the caller's package.

 call

       @result = $ips->call( $name, @args )

    This method invokes a remote method that has earlier been defined using
    the store or bind methods. The arguments are passed and the result is
    returned in the same way as with the eval method.

    If an exception occurs during execution, it is propagated and thrown by
    this method. If the remote process exits before responding, this will
    be propagated as an exception.

 use_library

       $ips->use_library( $library, @funcs )

    This method loads a library of code from a module, and stores them to
    the remote perl by calling store on each one. The $library name may be
    a full class name, or a name within the IPC::PerlSSH::Library:: space.

    If the @funcs list is non-empty, then only those named functions are
    stored (analogous to the use perl statement). This may be useful in
    large libraries that define many functions, only a few of which are
    actually used.

    For more information, see IPC::PerlSSH::Library.

AUTHOR

    Paul Evans <leonerd@leonerd.org.uk>