NAME
    BSD::Process::Affinity - Manipulate CPU affinities on FreeBSD

SYNOPSIS
            use BSD::Process::Affinity;
            BSD::Process::Affinity->get_process_mask()->set(0x2)->update();

VERSION INCOMPABILITY
    Version 0.4 has API partly incompatible with previous releases. Here are
    differences:

    * Functional interface is removed, only OO is available now

    * Lighten API - no more Bit::Vector object manipulations

    * "from_num" method is renamed to "set", but for one more release is
      available under it's old name.

DESCRIPTION
    Ability to manage CPU affinities from userland was a long-awaited
    feature in FreeBSD, and it is finally available since 7.1 release. This
    module allows you to programmatically manipulate them from perl level.

    FreeBSD gives you three levels of restricting CPUs for a single
    process/thread:

    * 'Root' sets - they are set either for a whole system (and containing
      all processors), or for a jail. You can get root set to see at which
      processors can your process theoretically run.

    * Effetive process set - each process is a member of some set
      (otherwise, it wouldnt't be able run at all, heh). Many processes can
      be members of a single set, so altering such set - you alter many
      processes. These sets are only for processes, not for threads -
      threads can only manipulate with anonymous masks, and has effective
      set of parent process.

    * Per-process and per-thread anonymous masks. Each process can get/set
      it's own (or not own at all) mask, restricting available processors.
      Manipulating these masks is recommended way in manpages for
      application developers, when you want to set affinity just for a
      single process.

    Beware, when manipulating affinities, you may degrade performance
    instead of gaining it.

INTERFACE
    To operate with this module, you should do three steps:

    * Fetch an Affinity object for interesting kernel object (either old or
      new one)

    * Update it's internal state (or just fetch it)

    * If required, write changes back to the kernel using "update" method.

    Here is an example that makes current thread NOT to run on 2nd processor
    in system:

            use BSD::Process::Affinity;
            my $obj = BSD::Process::Affinity->get_thread_mask();
            $obj->set($obj->get() & ~0x2)->update();

    Note the chainable ability of "update".

    Whenever any error occurs, this module croaks.

Get Affinity object
    All these methods (except for "clone") expects one parameter - an id of
    object you want to fetch affinity of. You can just ommit it - this means
    'give data for the current process/thread/whatever'.

  "clone"
    Clones current process'es effective set, and makes current process
    member of just created set.

  "rootof_set"
    Gets 'root' set for a given set id.

  "rootof_pid"
    Gets 'root' set for a given process id.

  "current_set"
    Gets set content by given set id.

  "current_pid"
    Gets effetive set for a given process id.

  "get_thread_mask"
    Get anonymous mask for a given thread id (not perl's thread id, but a
    system thread id).

  "get_process_mask"
    Get anonymous mask for a given process id.

Processors' mask manipulation
    Here are existing Affinity object methods.

  "update"
            $affinity->update();

    Writes back to kernel changes made in set content. Without this call,
    your changes does not affect anything.

  "assign"
            $affinity->assign($pid);

    Assigns set specifiyed in $affinity object to be an effective set for
    process $pid.

    It is an error to apply this method to anonymous masks.

  "get_cpusetid"
            my $n = $affinity->get_cpusetid();

    Returns cpu set internal id - for usage with rootof_set/current_set.
    Returns zero for anonymous masks.

  "get"
            my $value = $affinity->get();

    Returns usigned integer representing current mask. Then you can perform
    any actions with it, and set it back using "set" method. Lowest
    (rightmost) bit represents CPU0, and so on.

  "set"
            $affinity->set(0x5);  #run on CPU0 and CPU2

    Loads mask represented by $mask into object. Note that you have to call
    "update" to save changes to kernel, that is not done automatically.

    Mask is treated as an unsigned integer, so number of processor it can
    represent depends on OS arccitecture - 32 or 64 bits.

    This method is chainable with "update".

"SEE ALSO"
    <http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cpuset_getaffinity>

    <http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cpuset>

AUTHOR
    Sergey Aleynikov <sergey.aleynikov@gmail.com>

LICENSE
    Copyright (c) 2009, 2011 by Sergey Aleynikov. All rights reserved.

    Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
    modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
    met:

    1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.

    2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.

    THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
    ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
    IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
    PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
    LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
    CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
    SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
    INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
    CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
    ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF
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