/* perly.y
*
* Copyright (c) 1991-2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006 Larry Wall
*
* You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
* License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
*
*/
/*
* 'I see,' laughed Strider. 'I look foul and feel fair. Is that it?
* All that is gold does not glitter, not all those who wander are lost.'
*
* This file holds the grammar for the Perl language. If edited, you need
* to run regen_perly.pl, which re-creates the files perly.h, perly.tab
* and perly.act which are derived from this.
*
* Note that these derived files are included and compiled twice; once
* from perly.c, and once from madly.c. The second time, a number of MAD
* macros are defined, which compile in extra code that allows the parse
* tree to be accurately dumped. In particular:
*
* MAD defined if compiling madly.c
* DO_MAD(A) expands to A under madly.c, to null otherwise
* IF_MAD(a,b) expands to A under madly.c, to B otherwise
* TOKEN_GETMAD() expands to token_getmad() under madly.c, to null otherwise
* TOKEN_FREE() similarly
* OP_GETMAD() similarly
* IVAL(i) expands to (i)->tk_lval.ival or (i)
* PVAL(p) expands to (p)->tk_lval.pval or (p)
*
* The main job of of this grammar is to call the various newFOO()
* functions in op.c to build a syntax tree of OP structs.
* It relies on the lexer in toke.c to do the tokenizing.
*
* Note: due to the way that the cleanup code works WRT to freeing ops on
* the parse stack, it is dangerous to assign to the $n variables within
* an action.
*/
/* Make the parser re-entrant. */
%pure_parser
/* FIXME for MAD - is the new mintro on while and until important? */
%start prog
%union {
I32 ival; /* __DEFAULT__ (marker for regen_perly.pl;
must always be 1st union member) */
char *pval;
OP *opval;
GV *gvval;
#ifdef PERL_IN_MADLY_C
TOKEN* p_tkval;
TOKEN* i_tkval;
#else
char *p_tkval;
I32 i_tkval;
#endif
#ifdef PERL_MAD
TOKEN* tkval;
#endif
}
%token <i_tkval> '{' '}' '[' ']' '-' '+' '$' '@' '%' '*' '&' ';'
%token <opval> WORD METHOD FUNCMETH THING PMFUNC PRIVATEREF
%token <opval> FUNC0SUB UNIOPSUB LSTOPSUB
%token <p_tkval> LABEL
%token <i_tkval> FORMAT SUB ANONSUB PACKAGE USE
%token <i_tkval> WHILE UNTIL IF UNLESS ELSE ELSIF CONTINUE FOR
%token <i_tkval> GIVEN WHEN DEFAULT
%token <i_tkval> LOOPEX DOTDOT
%token <i_tkval> FUNC0 FUNC1 FUNC UNIOP LSTOP
%token <i_tkval> RELOP EQOP MULOP ADDOP
%token <i_tkval> DOLSHARP DO HASHBRACK NOAMP
%token <i_tkval> LOCAL MY MYSUB REQUIRE
%token <i_tkval> COLONATTR
%type <ival> prog progstart remember mremember
%type <ival> startsub startanonsub startformsub
/* FIXME for MAD - are these two ival? */
%type <ival> mydefsv mintro
%type <opval> decl format subrout mysubrout package use peg
%type <opval> block mblock lineseq line loop cond else
%type <opval> expr term subscripted scalar ary hsh arylen star amper sideff
%type <opval> argexpr nexpr texpr iexpr mexpr mnexpr miexpr
%type <opval> listexpr listexprcom indirob listop method
%type <opval> formname subname proto subbody cont my_scalar
%type <opval> subattrlist myattrlist myattrterm myterm
%type <opval> termbinop termunop anonymous termdo
%type <opval> switch case
%type <p_tkval> label
%nonassoc <i_tkval> PREC_LOW
%nonassoc LOOPEX
%left <i_tkval> OROP DOROP
%left <i_tkval> ANDOP
%right <i_tkval> NOTOP
%nonassoc LSTOP LSTOPSUB
%left <i_tkval> ','
%right <i_tkval> ASSIGNOP
%right <i_tkval> '?' ':'
%nonassoc DOTDOT
%left <i_tkval> OROR DORDOR
%left <i_tkval> ANDAND
%left <i_tkval> BITOROP
%left <i_tkval> BITANDOP
%nonassoc EQOP
%nonassoc RELOP
%nonassoc UNIOP UNIOPSUB
%nonassoc REQUIRE
%left <i_tkval> SHIFTOP
%left ADDOP
%left MULOP
%left <i_tkval> MATCHOP
%right <i_tkval> '!' '~' UMINUS REFGEN
%right <i_tkval> POWOP
%nonassoc <i_tkval> PREINC PREDEC POSTINC POSTDEC
%left <i_tkval> ARROW
%nonassoc <i_tkval> ')'
%left <i_tkval> '('
%left '[' '{'
%token <i_tkval> PEG
%% /* RULES */
/* The whole program */
prog : progstart
/*CONTINUED*/ lineseq
{ $$ = $1; newPROG(block_end($1,$2)); }
;
/* An ordinary block */
block : '{' remember lineseq '}'
{ if (PL_parser->copline > (line_t)IVAL($1))
PL_parser->copline = (line_t)IVAL($1);
$$ = block_end($2, $3);
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'{');
TOKEN_GETMAD($4,$$,'}');
}
;
remember: /* NULL */ /* start a full lexical scope */
{ $$ = block_start(TRUE); }
;
mydefsv: /* NULL */ /* lexicalize $_ */
{ $$ = (I32) allocmy("$_"); }
;
progstart:
{
PL_parser->expect = XSTATE; $$ = block_start(TRUE);
}
;
mblock : '{' mremember lineseq '}'
{ if (PL_parser->copline > (line_t)IVAL($1))
PL_parser->copline = (line_t)IVAL($1);
$$ = block_end($2, $3);
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'{');
TOKEN_GETMAD($4,$$,'}');
}
;
mremember: /* NULL */ /* start a partial lexical scope */
{ $$ = block_start(FALSE); }
;
/* A collection of "lines" in the program */
lineseq : /* NULL */
{ $$ = Nullop; }
| lineseq decl
{
$$ = IF_MAD(
append_list(OP_LINESEQ,
(LISTOP*)$1, (LISTOP*)$2),
$1);
}
| lineseq line
{ $$ = append_list(OP_LINESEQ,
(LISTOP*)$1, (LISTOP*)$2);
PL_pad_reset_pending = TRUE;
if ($1 && $2)
PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
}
;
/* A "line" in the program */
line : label cond
{ $$ = newSTATEOP(0, PVAL($1), $2);
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,((LISTOP*)$$)->op_first,'L'); }
| loop /* loops add their own labels */
| switch /* ... and so do switches */
{ $$ = $1; }
| label case
{ $$ = newSTATEOP(0, PVAL($1), $2); }
| label ';'
{
if (PVAL($1)) {
$$ = newSTATEOP(0, PVAL($1), newOP(OP_NULL, 0));
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'L');
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,((LISTOP*)$$)->op_first,';');
}
else {
$$ = IF_MAD(
newOP(OP_NULL, 0),
Nullop);
PL_parser->copline = NOLINE;
TOKEN_FREE($1);
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,';');
}
PL_parser->expect = XSTATE;
}
| label sideff ';'
{
$$ = newSTATEOP(0, PVAL($1), $2);
PL_parser->expect = XSTATE;
DO_MAD({
/* sideff might already have a nexstate */
OP* op = ((LISTOP*)$$)->op_first;
if (op) {
while (op->op_sibling &&
op->op_sibling->op_type == OP_NEXTSTATE)
op = op->op_sibling;
token_getmad($1,op,'L');
token_getmad($3,op,';');
}
})
}
;
/* An expression which may have a side-effect */
sideff : error
{ $$ = Nullop; }
| expr
{ $$ = $1; }
| expr IF expr
{ $$ = newLOGOP(OP_AND, 0, $3, $1);
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'i');
}
| expr UNLESS expr
{ $$ = newLOGOP(OP_OR, 0, $3, $1);
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'i');
}
| expr WHILE expr
{ $$ = newLOOPOP(OPf_PARENS, 1, scalar($3), $1);
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'w');
}
| expr UNTIL iexpr
{ $$ = newLOOPOP(OPf_PARENS, 1, $3, $1);
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'w');
}
| expr FOR expr
{ $$ = newFOROP(0, NULL, (line_t)IVAL($2),
Nullop, $3, $1, Nullop);
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,((LISTOP*)$$)->op_first->op_sibling,'w');
}
;
/* else and elsif blocks */
else : /* NULL */
{ $$ = Nullop; }
| ELSE mblock
{ ($2)->op_flags |= OPf_PARENS; $$ = scope($2);
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'o');
}
| ELSIF '(' mexpr ')' mblock else
{ PL_parser->copline = (line_t)IVAL($1);
$$ = newCONDOP(0, $3, scope($5), $6);
PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'I');
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'(');
TOKEN_GETMAD($4,$$,')');
}
;
/* Real conditional expressions */
cond : IF '(' remember mexpr ')' mblock else
{ PL_parser->copline = (line_t)IVAL($1);
$$ = block_end($3,
newCONDOP(0, $4, scope($6), $7));
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'I');
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'(');
TOKEN_GETMAD($5,$$,')');
}
| UNLESS '(' remember miexpr ')' mblock else
{ PL_parser->copline = (line_t)IVAL($1);
$$ = block_end($3,
newCONDOP(0, $4, scope($6), $7));
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'I');
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'(');
TOKEN_GETMAD($5,$$,')');
}
;
/* Cases for a switch statement */
case : WHEN '(' remember mexpr ')' mblock
{ $$ = block_end($3,
newWHENOP($4, scope($6))); }
| DEFAULT block
{ $$ = newWHENOP(0, scope($2)); }
;
/* Continue blocks */
cont : /* NULL */
{ $$ = Nullop; }
| CONTINUE block
{ $$ = scope($2);
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'o');
}
;
/* Loops: while, until, for, and a bare block */
loop : label WHILE '(' remember texpr ')' mintro mblock cont
{ OP *innerop;
PL_parser->copline = (line_t)$2;
$$ = block_end($4,
newSTATEOP(0, PVAL($1),
innerop = newWHILEOP(0, 1, (LOOP*)Nullop,
IVAL($2), $5, $8, $9, $7)));
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,innerop,'L');
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,innerop,'W');
TOKEN_GETMAD($3,innerop,'(');
TOKEN_GETMAD($6,innerop,')');
}
| label UNTIL '(' remember iexpr ')' mintro mblock cont
{ OP *innerop;
PL_parser->copline = (line_t)$2;
$$ = block_end($4,
newSTATEOP(0, PVAL($1),
innerop = newWHILEOP(0, 1, (LOOP*)Nullop,
IVAL($2), $5, $8, $9, $7)));
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,innerop,'L');
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,innerop,'W');
TOKEN_GETMAD($3,innerop,'(');
TOKEN_GETMAD($6,innerop,')');
}
| label FOR MY remember my_scalar '(' mexpr ')' mblock cont
{ OP *innerop;
$$ = block_end($4,
innerop = newFOROP(0, PVAL($1), (line_t)IVAL($2),
$5, $7, $9, $10));
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first,'L');
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first->op_sibling,'W');
TOKEN_GETMAD($3,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first->op_sibling,'d');
TOKEN_GETMAD($6,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first->op_sibling,'(');
TOKEN_GETMAD($8,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first->op_sibling,')');
}
| label FOR scalar '(' remember mexpr ')' mblock cont
{ OP *innerop;
$$ = block_end($5,
innerop = newFOROP(0, PVAL($1), (line_t)IVAL($2),
mod($3, OP_ENTERLOOP), $6, $8, $9));
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first,'L');
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first->op_sibling,'W');
TOKEN_GETMAD($4,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first->op_sibling,'(');
TOKEN_GETMAD($7,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first->op_sibling,')');
}
| label FOR '(' remember mexpr ')' mblock cont
{ OP *innerop;
$$ = block_end($4,
innerop = newFOROP(0, PVAL($1), (line_t)IVAL($2),
Nullop, $5, $7, $8));
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first,'L');
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first->op_sibling,'W');
TOKEN_GETMAD($3,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first->op_sibling,'(');
TOKEN_GETMAD($6,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first->op_sibling,')');
}
| label FOR '(' remember mnexpr ';' texpr ';' mintro mnexpr ')'
mblock
/* basically fake up an initialize-while lineseq */
{ OP *forop;
PL_parser->copline = (line_t)IVAL($2);
forop = newSTATEOP(0, PVAL($1),
newWHILEOP(0, 1, (LOOP*)Nullop,
IVAL($2), scalar($7),
$12, $10, $9));
#ifdef MAD
forop = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, append_elem(OP_LINESEQ,
newSTATEOP(0,
CopLABEL_alloc(($1)->tk_lval.pval),
($5 ? $5 : newOP(OP_NULL, 0)) ),
forop));
token_getmad($2,forop,'3');
token_getmad($3,forop,'(');
token_getmad($6,forop,'1');
token_getmad($8,forop,'2');
token_getmad($11,forop,')');
token_getmad($1,forop,'L');
#else
if ($5) {
forop = append_elem(OP_LINESEQ,
newSTATEOP(0, CopLABEL_alloc($1), $5),
forop);
}
#endif
$$ = block_end($4, forop); }
| label block cont /* a block is a loop that happens once */
{ $$ = newSTATEOP(0, PVAL($1),
newWHILEOP(0, 1, (LOOP*)Nullop,
NOLINE, Nullop, $2, $3, 0));
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,((LISTOP*)$$)->op_first,'L'); }
;
/* Switch blocks */
switch : label GIVEN '(' remember mydefsv mexpr ')' mblock
{ PL_parser->copline = (line_t) $2;
$$ = block_end($4,
newSTATEOP(0, PVAL($1),
newGIVENOP($6, scope($8),
(PADOFFSET) $5) )); }
;
/* determine whether there are any new my declarations */
mintro : /* NULL */
{ $$ = (PL_min_intro_pending &&
PL_max_intro_pending >= PL_min_intro_pending);
intro_my(); }
/* Normal expression */
nexpr : /* NULL */
{ $$ = Nullop; }
| sideff
;
/* Boolean expression */
texpr : /* NULL means true */
{ YYSTYPE tmplval;
(void)scan_num("1", &tmplval);
$$ = tmplval.opval; }
| expr
;
/* Inverted boolean expression */
iexpr : expr
{ $$ = invert(scalar($1)); }
;
/* Expression with its own lexical scope */
mexpr : expr
{ $$ = $1; intro_my(); }
;
mnexpr : nexpr
{ $$ = $1; intro_my(); }
;
miexpr : iexpr
{ $$ = $1; intro_my(); }
;
/* Optional "MAIN:"-style loop labels */
label : /* empty */
{
#ifdef MAD
YYSTYPE tmplval;
tmplval.pval = NULL;
$$ = newTOKEN(OP_NULL, tmplval, 0);
#else
$$ = NULL;
#endif
}
| LABEL
;
/* Some kind of declaration - just hang on peg in the parse tree */
decl : format
{ $$ = $1; }
| subrout
{ $$ = $1; }
| mysubrout
{ $$ = $1; }
| package
{ $$ = $1; }
| use
{ $$ = $1; }
/* these two are only used by MAD */
| peg
{ $$ = $1; }
;
peg : PEG
{ $$ = newOP(OP_NULL,0);
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'p');
}
;
format : FORMAT startformsub formname block
{ SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void(PL_compcv);
#ifdef MAD
$$ = newFORM($2, $3, $4);
prepend_madprops($1->tk_mad, $$, 'F');
$1->tk_mad = 0;
token_free($1);
#else
newFORM($2, $3, $4);
$$ = Nullop;
#endif
}
;
formname: WORD { $$ = $1; }
| /* NULL */ { $$ = Nullop; }
;
/* Unimplemented "my sub foo { }" */
mysubrout: MYSUB startsub subname proto subattrlist subbody
{ SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void(PL_compcv);
#ifdef MAD
$$ = newMYSUB($2, $3, $4, $5, $6);
token_getmad($1,$$,'d');
#else
newMYSUB($2, $3, $4, $5, $6);
$$ = Nullop;
#endif
}
;
/* Subroutine definition */
subrout : SUB startsub subname proto subattrlist subbody
{ SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void(PL_compcv);
#ifdef MAD
{
OP* o = newSVOP(OP_ANONCODE, 0,
(SV*)newATTRSUB($2, $3, $4, $5, $6));
$$ = newOP(OP_NULL,0);
op_getmad(o,$$,'&');
op_getmad($3,$$,'n');
op_getmad($4,$$,'s');
op_getmad($5,$$,'a');
token_getmad($1,$$,'d');
append_madprops($6->op_madprop, $$, 0);
$6->op_madprop = 0;
}
#else
newATTRSUB($2, $3, $4, $5, $6);
$$ = Nullop;
#endif
}
;
startsub: /* NULL */ /* start a regular subroutine scope */
{ $$ = start_subparse(FALSE, 0);
SAVEFREESV(PL_compcv); }
;
startanonsub: /* NULL */ /* start an anonymous subroutine scope */
{ $$ = start_subparse(FALSE, CVf_ANON);
SAVEFREESV(PL_compcv); }
;
startformsub: /* NULL */ /* start a format subroutine scope */
{ $$ = start_subparse(TRUE, 0);
SAVEFREESV(PL_compcv); }
;
/* Name of a subroutine - must be a bareword, could be special */
subname : WORD { const char *const name = SvPV_nolen_const(((SVOP*)$1)->op_sv);
if (strEQ(name, "BEGIN") || strEQ(name, "END")
|| strEQ(name, "INIT") || strEQ(name, "CHECK")
|| strEQ(name, "UNITCHECK"))
CvSPECIAL_on(PL_compcv);
$$ = $1; }
;
/* Subroutine prototype */
proto : /* NULL */
{ $$ = Nullop; }
| THING
;
/* Optional list of subroutine attributes */
subattrlist: /* NULL */
{ $$ = Nullop; }
| COLONATTR THING
{ $$ = $2;
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,':');
}
| COLONATTR
{ $$ = IF_MAD(
newOP(OP_NULL, 0),
Nullop
);
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,':');
}
;
/* List of attributes for a "my" variable declaration */
myattrlist: COLONATTR THING
{ $$ = $2;
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,':');
}
| COLONATTR
{ $$ = IF_MAD(
newOP(OP_NULL, 0),
Nullop
);
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,':');
}
;
/* Subroutine body - either null or a block */
subbody : block { $$ = $1; }
| ';' { $$ = IF_MAD(
newOP(OP_NULL,0),
Nullop
);
PL_parser->expect = XSTATE;
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,';');
}
;
package : PACKAGE WORD ';'
{
#ifdef MAD
$$ = package($2);
token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
token_getmad($3,$$,';');
#else
package($2);
$$ = Nullop;
#endif
}
;
use : USE startsub
{ CvSPECIAL_on(PL_compcv); /* It's a BEGIN {} */ }
WORD WORD listexpr ';'
{ SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void(PL_compcv);
#ifdef MAD
$$ = utilize(IVAL($1), $2, $4, $5, $6);
token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
token_getmad($7,$$,';');
if (PL_parser->rsfp_filters &&
AvFILLp(PL_parser->rsfp_filters) >= 0)
append_madprops(newMADPROP('!', MAD_PV, "", 0), $$, 0);
#else
utilize(IVAL($1), $2, $4, $5, $6);
$$ = Nullop;
#endif
}
;
/* Ordinary expressions; logical combinations */
expr : expr ANDOP expr
{ $$ = newLOGOP(OP_AND, 0, $1, $3);
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'o');
}
| expr OROP expr
{ $$ = newLOGOP(IVAL($2), 0, $1, $3);
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'o');
}
| expr DOROP expr
{ $$ = newLOGOP(OP_DOR, 0, $1, $3);
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'o');
}
| argexpr %prec PREC_LOW
;
/* Expressions are a list of terms joined by commas */
argexpr : argexpr ','
{
#ifdef MAD
OP* op = newNULLLIST();
token_getmad($2,op,',');
$$ = append_elem(OP_LIST, $1, op);
#else
$$ = $1;
#endif
}
| argexpr ',' term
{
OP* term = $3;
DO_MAD(
term = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, term);
token_getmad($2,term,',');
)
$$ = append_elem(OP_LIST, $1, term);
}
| term %prec PREC_LOW
;
/* List operators */
listop : LSTOP indirob argexpr /* map {...} @args or print $fh @args */
{ $$ = convert(IVAL($1), OPf_STACKED,
prepend_elem(OP_LIST, newGVREF(IVAL($1),$2), $3) );
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'o');
}
| FUNC '(' indirob expr ')' /* print ($fh @args */
{ $$ = convert(IVAL($1), OPf_STACKED,
prepend_elem(OP_LIST, newGVREF(IVAL($1),$3), $4) );
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'o');
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'(');
TOKEN_GETMAD($5,$$,')');
}
| term ARROW method '(' listexprcom ')' /* $foo->bar(list) */
{ $$ = convert(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
append_elem(OP_LIST,
prepend_elem(OP_LIST, scalar($1), $5),
newUNOP(OP_METHOD, 0, $3)));
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'A');
TOKEN_GETMAD($4,$$,'(');
TOKEN_GETMAD($6,$$,')');
}
| term ARROW method /* $foo->bar */
{ $$ = convert(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
append_elem(OP_LIST, scalar($1),
newUNOP(OP_METHOD, 0, $3)));
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'A');
}
| METHOD indirob listexpr /* new Class @args */
{ $$ = convert(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
append_elem(OP_LIST,
prepend_elem(OP_LIST, $2, $3),
newUNOP(OP_METHOD, 0, $1)));
}
| FUNCMETH indirob '(' listexprcom ')' /* method $object (@args) */
{ $$ = convert(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
append_elem(OP_LIST,
prepend_elem(OP_LIST, $2, $4),
newUNOP(OP_METHOD, 0, $1)));
TOKEN_GETMAD($3,$$,'(');
TOKEN_GETMAD($5,$$,')');
}
| LSTOP listexpr /* print @args */
{ $$ = convert(IVAL($1), 0, $2);
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'o');
}
| FUNC '(' listexprcom ')' /* print (@args) */
{ $$ = convert(IVAL($1), 0, $3);
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'o');
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'(');
TOKEN_GETMAD($4,$$,')');
}
| LSTOPSUB startanonsub block /* sub f(&@); f { foo } ... */
{ SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void(PL_compcv);
$<opval>$ = newANONATTRSUB($2, 0, Nullop, $3); }
listexpr %prec LSTOP /* ... @bar */
{ $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
append_elem(OP_LIST,
prepend_elem(OP_LIST, $<opval>4, $5), $1));
}
;
/* Names of methods. May use $object->$methodname */
method : METHOD
| scalar
;
/* Some kind of subscripted expression */
subscripted: star '{' expr ';' '}' /* *main::{something} */
/* In this and all the hash accessors, ';' is
* provided by the tokeniser */
{ $$ = newBINOP(OP_GELEM, 0, $1, scalar($3));
PL_parser->expect = XOPERATOR;
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'{');
TOKEN_GETMAD($4,$$,';');
TOKEN_GETMAD($5,$$,'}');
}
| scalar '[' expr ']' /* $array[$element] */
{ $$ = newBINOP(OP_AELEM, 0, oopsAV($1), scalar($3));
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'[');
TOKEN_GETMAD($4,$$,']');
}
| term ARROW '[' expr ']' /* somearef->[$element] */
{ $$ = newBINOP(OP_AELEM, 0,
ref(newAVREF($1),OP_RV2AV),
scalar($4));
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'a');
TOKEN_GETMAD($3,$$,'[');
TOKEN_GETMAD($5,$$,']');
}
| subscripted '[' expr ']' /* $foo->[$bar]->[$baz] */
{ $$ = newBINOP(OP_AELEM, 0,
ref(newAVREF($1),OP_RV2AV),
scalar($3));
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'[');
TOKEN_GETMAD($4,$$,']');
}
| scalar '{' expr ';' '}' /* $foo->{bar();} */
{ $$ = newBINOP(OP_HELEM, 0, oopsHV($1), jmaybe($3));
PL_parser->expect = XOPERATOR;
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'{');
TOKEN_GETMAD($4,$$,';');
TOKEN_GETMAD($5,$$,'}');
}
| term ARROW '{' expr ';' '}' /* somehref->{bar();} */
{ $$ = newBINOP(OP_HELEM, 0,
ref(newHVREF($1),OP_RV2HV),
jmaybe($4));
PL_parser->expect = XOPERATOR;
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'a');
TOKEN_GETMAD($3,$$,'{');
TOKEN_GETMAD($5,$$,';');
TOKEN_GETMAD($6,$$,'}');
}
| subscripted '{' expr ';' '}' /* $foo->[bar]->{baz;} */
{ $$ = newBINOP(OP_HELEM, 0,
ref(newHVREF($1),OP_RV2HV),
jmaybe($3));
PL_parser->expect = XOPERATOR;
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'{');
TOKEN_GETMAD($4,$$,';');
TOKEN_GETMAD($5,$$,'}');
}
| term ARROW '(' ')' /* $subref->() */
{ $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
newCVREF(0, scalar($1)));
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'a');
TOKEN_GETMAD($3,$$,'(');
TOKEN_GETMAD($4,$$,')');
}
| term ARROW '(' expr ')' /* $subref->(@args) */
{ $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
append_elem(OP_LIST, $4,
newCVREF(0, scalar($1))));
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'a');
TOKEN_GETMAD($3,$$,'(');
TOKEN_GETMAD($5,$$,')');
}
| subscripted '(' expr ')' /* $foo->{bar}->(@args) */
{ $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
append_elem(OP_LIST, $3,
newCVREF(0, scalar($1))));
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'(');
TOKEN_GETMAD($4,$$,')');
}
| subscripted '(' ')' /* $foo->{bar}->() */
{ $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
newCVREF(0, scalar($1)));
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'(');
TOKEN_GETMAD($3,$$,')');
}
| '(' expr ')' '[' expr ']' /* list slice */
{ $$ = newSLICEOP(0, $5, $2);
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'(');
TOKEN_GETMAD($3,$$,')');
TOKEN_GETMAD($4,$$,'[');
TOKEN_GETMAD($6,$$,']');
}
| '(' ')' '[' expr ']' /* empty list slice! */
{ $$ = newSLICEOP(0, $4, Nullop);
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'(');
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,')');
TOKEN_GETMAD($3,$$,'[');
TOKEN_GETMAD($5,$$,']');
}
;
/* Binary operators between terms */
termbinop: term ASSIGNOP term /* $x = $y */
{ $$ = newASSIGNOP(OPf_STACKED, $1, IVAL($2), $3);
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'o');
}
| term POWOP term /* $x ** $y */
{ $$ = newBINOP(IVAL($2), 0, scalar($1), scalar($3));
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'o');
}
| term MULOP term /* $x * $y, $x x $y */
{ if (IVAL($2) != OP_REPEAT)
scalar($1);
$$ = newBINOP(IVAL($2), 0, $1, scalar($3));
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'o');
}
| term ADDOP term /* $x + $y */
{ $$ = newBINOP(IVAL($2), 0, scalar($1), scalar($3));
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'o');
}
| term SHIFTOP term /* $x >> $y, $x << $y */
{ $$ = newBINOP(IVAL($2), 0, scalar($1), scalar($3));
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'o');
}
| term RELOP term /* $x > $y, etc. */
{ $$ = newBINOP(IVAL($2), 0, scalar($1), scalar($3));
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'o');
}
| term EQOP term /* $x == $y, $x eq $y */
{ $$ = newBINOP(IVAL($2), 0, scalar($1), scalar($3));
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'o');
}
| term BITANDOP term /* $x & $y */
{ $$ = newBINOP(IVAL($2), 0, scalar($1), scalar($3));
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'o');
}
| term BITOROP term /* $x | $y */
{ $$ = newBINOP(IVAL($2), 0, scalar($1), scalar($3));
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'o');
}
| term DOTDOT term /* $x..$y, $x...$y */
{
$$ = newRANGE(IVAL($2), scalar($1), scalar($3));
DO_MAD({
UNOP *op;
op = (UNOP*)$$;
op = (UNOP*)op->op_first; /* get to flop */
op = (UNOP*)op->op_first; /* get to flip */
op = (UNOP*)op->op_first; /* get to range */
token_getmad($2,(OP*)op,'o');
})
}
| term ANDAND term /* $x && $y */
{ $$ = newLOGOP(OP_AND, 0, $1, $3);
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'o');
}
| term OROR term /* $x || $y */
{ $$ = newLOGOP(OP_OR, 0, $1, $3);
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'o');
}
| term DORDOR term /* $x // $y */
{ $$ = newLOGOP(OP_DOR, 0, $1, $3);
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'o');
}
| term MATCHOP term /* $x =~ /$y/ */
{ $$ = bind_match(IVAL($2), $1, $3);
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,
($$->op_type == OP_NOT
? ((UNOP*)$$)->op_first : $$),
'~');
}
;
/* Unary operators and terms */
termunop : '-' term %prec UMINUS /* -$x */
{ $$ = newUNOP(OP_NEGATE, 0, scalar($2));
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'o');
}
| '+' term %prec UMINUS /* +$x */
{ $$ = IF_MAD(
newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, $2),
$2
);
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'+');
}
| '!' term /* !$x */
{ $$ = newUNOP(OP_NOT, 0, scalar($2));
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'o');
}
| '~' term /* ~$x */
{ $$ = newUNOP(OP_COMPLEMENT, 0, scalar($2));
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'o');
}
| term POSTINC /* $x++ */
{ $$ = newUNOP(OP_POSTINC, 0,
mod(scalar($1), OP_POSTINC));
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'o');
}
| term POSTDEC /* $x-- */
{ $$ = newUNOP(OP_POSTDEC, 0,
mod(scalar($1), OP_POSTDEC));
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'o');
}
| PREINC term /* ++$x */
{ $$ = newUNOP(OP_PREINC, 0,
mod(scalar($2), OP_PREINC));
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'o');
}
| PREDEC term /* --$x */
{ $$ = newUNOP(OP_PREDEC, 0,
mod(scalar($2), OP_PREDEC));
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'o');
}
;
/* Constructors for anonymous data */
anonymous: '[' expr ']'
{ $$ = newANONLIST($2);
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'[');
TOKEN_GETMAD($3,$$,']');
}
| '[' ']'
{ $$ = newANONLIST(Nullop);
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'[');
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,']');
}
| HASHBRACK expr ';' '}' %prec '(' /* { foo => "Bar" } */
{ $$ = newANONHASH($2);
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'{');
TOKEN_GETMAD($3,$$,';');
TOKEN_GETMAD($4,$$,'}');
}
| HASHBRACK ';' '}' %prec '(' /* { } (';' by tokener) */
{ $$ = newANONHASH(Nullop);
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'{');
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,';');
TOKEN_GETMAD($3,$$,'}');
}
| ANONSUB startanonsub proto subattrlist block %prec '('
{ SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void(PL_compcv);
$$ = newANONATTRSUB($2, $3, $4, $5);
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'o');
OP_GETMAD($3,$$,'s');
OP_GETMAD($4,$$,'a');
}
;
/* Things called with "do" */
termdo : DO term %prec UNIOP /* do $filename */
{ $$ = dofile($2, IVAL($1));
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'o');
}
| DO block %prec '(' /* do { code */
{ $$ = newUNOP(OP_NULL, OPf_SPECIAL, scope($2));
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'D');
}
| DO WORD '(' ')' /* do somesub() */
{ $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB,
OPf_SPECIAL|OPf_STACKED,
prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
scalar(newCVREF(
(OPpENTERSUB_AMPER<<8),
scalar($2)
)),Nullop)); dep();
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'o');
TOKEN_GETMAD($3,$$,'(');
TOKEN_GETMAD($4,$$,')');
}
| DO WORD '(' expr ')' /* do somesub(@args) */
{ $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB,
OPf_SPECIAL|OPf_STACKED,
append_elem(OP_LIST,
$4,
scalar(newCVREF(
(OPpENTERSUB_AMPER<<8),
scalar($2)
)))); dep();
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'o');
TOKEN_GETMAD($3,$$,'(');
TOKEN_GETMAD($5,$$,')');
}
| DO scalar '(' ')' /* do $subref () */
{ $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_SPECIAL|OPf_STACKED,
prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
scalar(newCVREF(0,scalar($2))), Nullop)); dep();
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'o');
TOKEN_GETMAD($3,$$,'(');
TOKEN_GETMAD($4,$$,')');
}
| DO scalar '(' expr ')' /* do $subref (@args) */
{ $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_SPECIAL|OPf_STACKED,
prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
$4,
scalar(newCVREF(0,scalar($2))))); dep();
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'o');
TOKEN_GETMAD($3,$$,'(');
TOKEN_GETMAD($5,$$,')');
}
;
term : termbinop
| termunop
| anonymous
| termdo
| term '?' term ':' term
{ $$ = newCONDOP(0, $1, $3, $5);
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'?');
TOKEN_GETMAD($4,$$,':');
}
| REFGEN term /* \$x, \@y, \%z */
{ $$ = newUNOP(OP_REFGEN, 0, mod($2,OP_REFGEN));
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'o');
}
| myattrterm %prec UNIOP
{ $$ = $1; }
| LOCAL term %prec UNIOP
{ $$ = localize($2,IVAL($1));
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'k');
}
| '(' expr ')'
{ $$ = sawparens(IF_MAD(newUNOP(OP_NULL,0,$2), $2));
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'(');
TOKEN_GETMAD($3,$$,')');
}
| '(' ')'
{ $$ = sawparens(newNULLLIST());
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'(');
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,')');
}
| scalar %prec '('
{ $$ = $1; }
| star %prec '('
{ $$ = $1; }
| hsh %prec '('
{ $$ = $1; }
| ary %prec '('
{ $$ = $1; }
| arylen %prec '(' /* $#x, $#{ something } */
{ $$ = newUNOP(OP_AV2ARYLEN, 0, ref($1, OP_AV2ARYLEN));}
| subscripted
{ $$ = $1; }
| ary '[' expr ']' /* array slice */
{ $$ = prepend_elem(OP_ASLICE,
newOP(OP_PUSHMARK, 0),
newLISTOP(OP_ASLICE, 0,
list($3),
ref($1, OP_ASLICE)));
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'[');
TOKEN_GETMAD($4,$$,']');
}
| ary '{' expr ';' '}' /* @hash{@keys} */
{ $$ = prepend_elem(OP_HSLICE,
newOP(OP_PUSHMARK, 0),
newLISTOP(OP_HSLICE, 0,
list($3),
ref(oopsHV($1), OP_HSLICE)));
PL_parser->expect = XOPERATOR;
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'{');
TOKEN_GETMAD($4,$$,';');
TOKEN_GETMAD($5,$$,'}');
}
| THING %prec '('
{ $$ = $1; }
| amper /* &foo; */
{ $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, 0, scalar($1)); }
| amper '(' ')' /* &foo() */
{ $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED, scalar($1));
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'(');
TOKEN_GETMAD($3,$$,')');
}
| amper '(' expr ')' /* &foo(@args) */
{
$$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
append_elem(OP_LIST, $3, scalar($1)));
DO_MAD({
OP* op = $$;
if (op->op_type == OP_CONST) { /* defeat const fold */
op = (OP*)op->op_madprop->mad_val;
}
token_getmad($2,op,'(');
token_getmad($4,op,')');
})
}
| NOAMP WORD listexpr /* foo(@args) */
{ $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
append_elem(OP_LIST, $3, scalar($2)));
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'o');
}
| LOOPEX /* loop exiting command (goto, last, dump, etc) */
{ $$ = newOP(IVAL($1), OPf_SPECIAL);
PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'o');
}
| LOOPEX term
{ $$ = newLOOPEX(IVAL($1),$2);
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'o');
}
| NOTOP argexpr /* not $foo */
{ $$ = newUNOP(OP_NOT, 0, scalar($2));
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'o');
}
| UNIOP /* Unary op, $_ implied */
{ $$ = newOP(IVAL($1), 0);
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'o');
}
| UNIOP block /* eval { foo }* */
{ $$ = newUNOP(IVAL($1), 0, $2);
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'o');
}
| UNIOP term /* Unary op */
{ $$ = newUNOP(IVAL($1), 0, $2);
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'o');
}
| REQUIRE /* require, $_ implied */
{ $$ = newOP(OP_REQUIRE, $1 ? OPf_SPECIAL : 0);
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'o');
}
| REQUIRE term /* require Foo */
{ $$ = newUNOP(OP_REQUIRE, $1 ? OPf_SPECIAL : 0, $2);
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'o');
}
| UNIOPSUB
{ $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED, scalar($1)); }
| UNIOPSUB term /* Sub treated as unop */
{ $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
append_elem(OP_LIST, $2, scalar($1))); }
| FUNC0 /* Nullary operator */
{ $$ = newOP(IVAL($1), 0);
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'o');
}
| FUNC0 '(' ')'
{ $$ = newOP(IVAL($1), 0);
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'o');
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'(');
TOKEN_GETMAD($3,$$,')');
}
| FUNC0SUB /* Sub treated as nullop */
{ $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
scalar($1)); }
| FUNC1 '(' ')' /* not () */
{ $$ = (IVAL($1) == OP_NOT)
? newUNOP(IVAL($1), 0, newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSViv(0)))
: newOP(IVAL($1), OPf_SPECIAL);
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'o');
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'(');
TOKEN_GETMAD($3,$$,')');
}
| FUNC1 '(' expr ')' /* not($foo) */
{ $$ = newUNOP(IVAL($1), 0, $3);
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'o');
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'(');
TOKEN_GETMAD($4,$$,')');
}
| PMFUNC '(' argexpr ')' /* m//, s///, tr/// */
{ $$ = pmruntime($1, $3, 1);
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,'(');
TOKEN_GETMAD($4,$$,')');
}
| WORD
| listop
;
/* "my" declarations, with optional attributes */
myattrterm: MY myterm myattrlist
{ $$ = my_attrs($2,$3);
DO_MAD(
token_getmad($1,$$,'d');
append_madprops($3->op_madprop, $$, 'a');
$3->op_madprop = 0;
)
}
| MY myterm
{ $$ = localize($2,IVAL($1));
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'d');
}
;
/* Things that can be "my"'d */
myterm : '(' expr ')'
{ $$ = sawparens($2);
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'(');
TOKEN_GETMAD($3,$$,')');
}
| '(' ')'
{ $$ = sawparens(newNULLLIST());
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'(');
TOKEN_GETMAD($2,$$,')');
}
| scalar %prec '('
{ $$ = $1; }
| hsh %prec '('
{ $$ = $1; }
| ary %prec '('
{ $$ = $1; }
;
/* Basic list expressions */
listexpr: /* NULL */ %prec PREC_LOW
{ $$ = Nullop; }
| argexpr %prec PREC_LOW
{ $$ = $1; }
;
listexprcom: /* NULL */
{ $$ = Nullop; }
| expr
{ $$ = $1; }
| expr ','
{
#ifdef MAD
OP* op = newNULLLIST();
token_getmad($2,op,',');
$$ = append_elem(OP_LIST, $1, op);
#else
$$ = $1;
#endif
}
;
/* A little bit of trickery to make "for my $foo (@bar)" actually be
lexical */
my_scalar: scalar
{ PL_parser->in_my = 0; $$ = my($1); }
;
amper : '&' indirob
{ $$ = newCVREF(IVAL($1),$2);
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'&');
}
;
scalar : '$' indirob
{ $$ = newSVREF($2);
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'$');
}
;
ary : '@' indirob
{ $$ = newAVREF($2);
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'@');
}
;
hsh : '%' indirob
{ $$ = newHVREF($2);
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'%');
}
;
arylen : DOLSHARP indirob
{ $$ = newAVREF($2);
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'l');
}
;
star : '*' indirob
{ $$ = newGVREF(0,$2);
TOKEN_GETMAD($1,$$,'*');
}
;
/* Indirect objects */
indirob : WORD
{ $$ = scalar($1); }
| scalar %prec PREC_LOW
{ $$ = scalar($1); }
| block
{ $$ = scope($1); }
| PRIVATEREF
{ $$ = $1; }
;