#
# t/test.pl - most of Test::More functionality without the fuss, plus
# has mappings native_to_latin1 and latin1_to_native so that fewer tests
# on non ASCII-ish platforms need to be skipped
# NOTE:
#
# Increment ($x++) has a certain amount of cleverness for things like
#
# $x = 'zz';
# $x++; # $x eq 'aaa';
#
# stands more chance of breaking than just a simple
#
# $x = $x + 1
#
# In this file, we use the latter "Baby Perl" approach, and increment
# will be worked over by t/op/inc.t
$Level = 1;
my $test = 1;
my $planned;
my $noplan;
my $Perl; # Safer version of $^X set by which_perl()
# This defines ASCII/UTF-8 vs EBCDIC/UTF-EBCDIC
$::IS_ASCII = ord 'A' == 65;
$::IS_EBCDIC = ord 'A' == 193;
$TODO = 0;
$NO_ENDING = 0;
$Tests_Are_Passing = 1;
# Use this instead of print to avoid interference while testing globals.
sub _print {
local ( $\, $", $, ) = ( undef, ' ', '' );
print STDOUT @_;
}
sub _print_stderr {
local ( $\, $", $, ) = ( undef, ' ', '' );
print STDERR @_;
}
sub plan {
my $n;
if ( @_ == 1 ) {
$n = shift;
if ( $n eq 'no_plan' ) {
undef $n;
$noplan = 1;
}
}
else {
my %plan = @_;
$n = $plan{tests};
}
_print "1..$n\n" unless $noplan;
$planned = $n;
}
# Set the plan at the end. See Test::More::done_testing.
sub done_testing {
my $n = $test - 1;
$n = shift if @_;
_print "1..$n\n";
$planned = $n;
}
END {
my $ran = $test - 1;
if ( !$NO_ENDING ) {
if ( defined $planned && $planned != $ran ) {
_print_stderr "# Looks like you planned $planned tests but ran $ran.\n";
}
elsif ($noplan) {
_print "1..$ran\n";
}
}
}
sub _diag {
return unless @_;
my @mess = _comment(@_);
$TODO ? _print(@mess) : _print_stderr(@mess);
}
# Use this instead of "print STDERR" when outputting failure diagnostic
# messages
sub diag {
_diag(@_);
}
# Use this instead of "print" when outputting informational messages
sub note {
return unless @_;
_print( _comment(@_) );
}
sub _comment {
return map { /^#/ ? "$_\n" : "# $_\n" }
map { split /\n/ } @_;
}
sub skip_all {
my $total = $planned || 0;
my $reason = join ' ', @_;
_print "1..$total # Skip $reason\n";
for ( 1 .. $total ) {
_print "ok $_ # skip $reason\n";
}
exit(0);
}
sub _ok {
my ( $pass, $where, $name, @mess ) = @_;
# Do not try to microoptimize by factoring out the "not ".
# VMS will avenge.
my $out;
if ($name) {
# escape out '#' or it will interfere with '# skip' and such
$name =~ s/#/\\#/g;
$out = $pass ? "ok $test - $name" : "not ok $test - $name";
}
else {
$out = $pass ? "ok $test" : "not ok $test";
}
if ($TODO) {
$out = $out . " # TODO $TODO";
}
else {
$Tests_Are_Passing = 0 unless $pass;
}
_print "$out\n";
if ($pass) {
note @mess; # Ensure that the message is properly escaped.
}
else {
_diag "# Failed $where\n";
_diag @mess;
}
$test = $test + 1; # don't use ++
return $pass;
}
sub _where {
my @caller = caller($Level);
return "at $caller[1] line $caller[2]";
}
# DON'T use this for matches. Use like() instead.
sub ok ($@) {
my ( $pass, $name, @mess ) = @_;
_ok( $pass, _where(), $name, @mess );
}
sub _q {
my $x = shift;
return 'undef' unless defined $x;
my $q = $x;
$q =~ s/\\/\\\\/g;
$q =~ s/'/\\'/g;
return "'$q'";
}
sub _qq {
my $x = shift;
return defined $x ? '"' . display($x) . '"' : 'undef';
}
# keys are the codes \n etc map to, values are 2 char strings such as \n
my %backslash_escape;
foreach my $x ( split //, 'nrtfa\\\'"' ) {
$backslash_escape{ ord eval "\"\\$x\"" } = "\\$x";
}
# A way to display scalars containing control characters and Unicode.
# Trying to avoid setting $_, or relying on local $_ to work.
sub display {
my @result;
foreach my $x (@_) {
if ( defined $x and not ref $x ) {
my $y = '';
foreach my $c ( unpack( "U*", $x ) ) {
if ( $c > 255 ) {
$y = $y . sprintf "\\x{%x}", $c;
}
elsif ( $backslash_escape{$c} ) {
$y = $y . $backslash_escape{$c};
}
else {
my $z = chr $c; # Maybe we can get away with a literal...
if ( $z =~ /[[:^print:]]/ ) {
# Use octal for characters traditionally expressed as
# such: the low controls
if ( $c <= 037 ) {
$z = sprintf "\\%03o", $c;
}
else {
$z = sprintf "\\x{%x}", $c;
}
}
$y = $y . $z;
}
}
$x = $y;
}
return $x unless wantarray;
push @result, $x;
}
return @result;
}
sub is ($$@) {
my ( $got, $expected, $name, @mess ) = @_;
my $pass;
if ( !defined $got || !defined $expected ) {
# undef only matches undef
$pass = !defined $got && !defined $expected;
}
else {
$pass = $got eq $expected;
}
unless ($pass) {
unshift(
@mess, "# got " . _qq($got) . "\n",
"# expected " . _qq($expected) . "\n"
);
}
_ok( $pass, _where(), $name, @mess );
}
sub isnt ($$@) {
my ( $got, $isnt, $name, @mess ) = @_;
my $pass;
if ( !defined $got || !defined $isnt ) {
# undef only matches undef
$pass = defined $got || defined $isnt;
}
else {
$pass = $got ne $isnt;
}
unless ($pass) {
unshift(
@mess, "# it should not be " . _qq($got) . "\n",
"# but it is.\n"
);
}
_ok( $pass, _where(), $name, @mess );
}
sub cmp_ok ($$$@) {
my ( $got, $type, $expected, $name, @mess ) = @_;
my $pass;
{
local $^W = 0;
local ( $@, $! ); # don't interfere with $@
# eval() sometimes resets $!
$pass = eval "\$got $type \$expected";
}
unless ($pass) {
# It seems Irix long doubles can have 2147483648 and 2147483648
# that stringify to the same thing but are actually numerically
# different. Display the numbers if $type isn't a string operator,
# and the numbers are stringwise the same.
# (all string operators have alphabetic names, so tr/a-z// is true)
# This will also show numbers for some unneeded cases, but will
# definitely be helpful for things such as == and <= that fail
if ( $got eq $expected and $type !~ tr/a-z// ) {
unshift @mess, "# $got - $expected = " . ( $got - $expected ) . "\n";
}
unshift(
@mess, "# got " . _qq($got) . "\n",
"# expected $type " . _qq($expected) . "\n"
);
}
_ok( $pass, _where(), $name, @mess );
}
# Check that $got is within $range of $expected
# if $range is 0, then check it's exact
# else if $expected is 0, then $range is an absolute value
# otherwise $range is a fractional error.
# Here $range must be numeric, >= 0
# Non numeric ranges might be a useful future extension. (eg %)
sub within ($$$@) {
my ( $got, $expected, $range, $name, @mess ) = @_;
my $pass;
if ( !defined $got or !defined $expected or !defined $range ) {
# This is a fail, but doesn't need extra diagnostics
}
elsif ( $got !~ tr/0-9// or $expected !~ tr/0-9// or $range !~ tr/0-9// ) {
# This is a fail
unshift @mess, "# got, expected and range must be numeric\n";
}
elsif ( $range < 0 ) {
# This is also a fail
unshift @mess, "# range must not be negative\n";
}
elsif ( $range == 0 ) {
# Within 0 is ==
$pass = $got == $expected;
}
elsif ( $expected == 0 ) {
# If expected is 0, treat range as absolute
$pass = ( $got <= $range ) && ( $got >= -$range );
}
else {
my $diff = $got - $expected;
$pass = abs( $diff / $expected ) < $range;
}
unless ($pass) {
if ( $got eq $expected ) {
unshift @mess, "# $got - $expected = " . ( $got - $expected ) . "\n";
}
unshift @mess, "# got " . _qq($got) . "\n", "# expected " . _qq($expected) . " (within " . _qq($range) . ")\n";
}
_ok( $pass, _where(), $name, @mess );
}
# Note: this isn't quite as fancy as Test::More::like().
sub like ($$@) { like_yn( 0, @_ ) }; # 0 for -
sub unlike ($$@) { like_yn( 1, @_ ) }; # 1 for un-
sub like_yn ($$$@) {
my ( $flip, undef, $expected, $name, @mess ) = @_;
my $pass;
$pass = $_[1] =~ /$expected/ if !$flip;
$pass = $_[1] !~ /$expected/ if $flip;
unless ($pass) {
unshift(
@mess, "# got '$_[1]'\n",
$flip ? "# expected !~ /$expected/\n" : "# expected /$expected/\n"
);
}
local $Level = $Level + 1;
_ok( $pass, _where(), $name, @mess );
}
sub pass {
_ok( 1, '', @_ );
}
sub fail {
_ok( 0, _where(), @_ );
}
sub curr_test {
$test = shift if @_;
return $test;
}
sub next_test {
my $retval = $test;
$test = $test + 1; # don't use ++
$retval;
}
# Note: can't pass multipart messages since we try to
# be compatible with Test::More::skip().
sub skip {
my $why = shift;
my $n = @_ ? shift : 1;
for ( 1 .. $n ) {
_print "ok $test # skip $why\n";
$test = $test + 1;
}
local $^W = 0;
last SKIP;
}
sub todo_skip {
my $why = shift;
my $n = @_ ? shift : 1;
for ( 1 .. $n ) {
_print "not ok $test # TODO & SKIP $why\n";
$test = $test + 1;
}
local $^W = 0;
last TODO;
}
sub eq_array {
my ( $ra, $rb ) = @_;
return 0 unless $#$ra == $#$rb;
for my $i ( 0 .. $#$ra ) {
next if !defined $ra->[$i] && !defined $rb->[$i];
return 0 if !defined $ra->[$i];
return 0 if !defined $rb->[$i];
return 0 unless $ra->[$i] eq $rb->[$i];
}
return 1;
}
sub eq_hash {
my ( $orig, $suspect ) = @_;
my $fail;
while ( my ( $key, $value ) = each %$suspect ) {
# Force a hash recompute if this perl's internals can cache the hash key.
$key = "" . $key;
if ( exists $orig->{$key} ) {
if ( $orig->{$key} ne $value ) {
_print "# key ", _qq($key), " was ", _qq( $orig->{$key} ), " now ", _qq($value), "\n";
$fail = 1;
}
}
else {
_print "# key ", _qq($key), " is ", _qq($value), ", not in original.\n";
$fail = 1;
}
}
foreach ( keys %$orig ) {
# Force a hash recompute if this perl's internals can cache the hash key.
$_ = "" . $_;
next if ( exists $suspect->{$_} );
_print "# key ", _qq($_), " was ", _qq( $orig->{$_} ), " now missing.\n";
$fail = 1;
}
!$fail;
}
# We only provide a subset of the Test::More functionality.
sub require_ok ($) {
my ($require) = @_;
if ( $require =~ tr/[A-Za-z0-9:.]//c ) {
fail("Invalid character in \"$require\", passed to require_ok");
}
else {
eval <<REQUIRE_OK;
require $require;
REQUIRE_OK
is( $@, '', _where(), "require $require" );
}
}
sub use_ok ($) {
my ($use) = @_;
if ( $use =~ tr/[A-Za-z0-9:.]//c ) {
fail("Invalid character in \"$use\", passed to use");
}
else {
eval <<USE_OK;
use $use;
USE_OK
is( $@, '', _where(), "use $use" );
}
}
# runperl - Runs a separate perl interpreter.
# Arguments :
# switches => [ command-line switches ]
# nolib => 1 # don't use -I../lib (included by default)
# non_portable => Don't warn if a one liner contains quotes
# prog => one-liner (avoid quotes)
# progs => [ multi-liner (avoid quotes) ]
# progfile => perl script
# stdin => string to feed the stdin
# stderr => redirect stderr to stdout
# args => [ command-line arguments to the perl program ]
# verbose => print the command line
my $is_mswin = $^O eq 'MSWin32';
my $is_netware = $^O eq 'NetWare';
my $is_vms = $^O eq 'VMS';
my $is_cygwin = $^O eq 'cygwin';
sub _quote_args {
my ( $runperl, $args ) = @_;
foreach (@$args) {
# In VMS protect with doublequotes because otherwise
# DCL will lowercase -- unless already doublequoted.
$_ = q(") . $_ . q(") if $is_vms && !/^\"/ && length($_) > 0;
$runperl = $runperl . ' ' . $_;
}
return $runperl;
}
sub _create_runperl { # Create the string to qx in runperl().
my %args = @_;
my $runperl = which_perl();
if ( $runperl =~ m/\s/ ) {
$runperl = qq{"$runperl"};
}
#- this allows, for example, to set PERL_RUNPERL_DEBUG=/usr/bin/valgrind
if ( $ENV{PERL_RUNPERL_DEBUG} ) {
$runperl = "$ENV{PERL_RUNPERL_DEBUG} $runperl";
}
unless ( $args{nolib} ) {
$runperl = $runperl . ' "-I../lib"'; # doublequotes because of VMS
}
if ( $args{switches} ) {
local $Level = 2;
die "test.pl:runperl(): 'switches' must be an ARRAYREF " . _where()
unless ref $args{switches} eq "ARRAY";
$runperl = _quote_args( $runperl, $args{switches} );
}
if ( defined $args{prog} ) {
die "test.pl:runperl(): both 'prog' and 'progs' cannot be used " . _where()
if defined $args{progs};
$args{progs} = [ $args{prog} ];
}
if ( defined $args{progs} ) {
die "test.pl:runperl(): 'progs' must be an ARRAYREF " . _where()
unless ref $args{progs} eq "ARRAY";
foreach my $prog ( @{ $args{progs} } ) {
if ( $prog =~ tr/'"// && !$args{non_portable} ) {
warn "quotes in prog >>$prog<< are not portable";
}
if ( $is_mswin || $is_netware || $is_vms ) {
$runperl = $runperl . qq ( -e "$prog" );
}
else {
$runperl = $runperl . qq ( -e '$prog' );
}
}
}
elsif ( defined $args{progfile} ) {
$runperl = $runperl . qq( "$args{progfile}");
}
else {
# You probably didn't want to be sucking in from the upstream stdin
die "test.pl:runperl(): none of prog, progs, progfile, args, " . " switches or stdin specified"
unless defined $args{args}
or defined $args{switches}
or defined $args{stdin};
}
if ( defined $args{stdin} ) {
# so we don't try to put literal newlines and crs onto the
# command line.
$args{stdin} =~ s/\n/\\n/g;
$args{stdin} =~ s/\r/\\r/g;
if ( $is_mswin || $is_netware || $is_vms ) {
$runperl = qq{$Perl -e "print qq(} . $args{stdin} . q{)" | } . $runperl;
}
else {
$runperl = qq{$Perl -e 'print qq(} . $args{stdin} . q{)' | } . $runperl;
}
}
if ( defined $args{args} ) {
$runperl = _quote_args( $runperl, $args{args} );
}
$runperl = $runperl . ' 2>&1' if $args{stderr};
if ( $args{verbose} ) {
my $runperldisplay = $runperl;
$runperldisplay =~ s/\n/\n\#/g;
_print_stderr "# $runperldisplay\n";
}
return $runperl;
}
sub runperl {
die "test.pl:runperl() does not take a hashref"
if ref $_[0] and ref $_[0] eq 'HASH';
my $runperl = &_create_runperl;
my $result;
my $tainted = ${^TAINT};
my %args = @_;
exists $args{switches} && grep m/^-T$/, @{ $args{switches} } and $tainted = $tainted + 1;
if ($tainted) {
# We will assume that if you're running under -T, you really mean to
# run a fresh perl, so we'll brute force launder everything for you
my $sep;
if ( !eval { require Config; 1 } ) {
warn "test.pl had problems loading Config: $@";
$sep = ':';
}
else {
$sep = $Config::Config{path_sep};
}
my @keys = grep { exists $ENV{$_} } qw(CDPATH IFS ENV BASH_ENV);
local @ENV{@keys} = ();
# Untaint, plus take out . and empty string:
local $ENV{'DCL$PATH'} = $1 if $is_vms && exists( $ENV{'DCL$PATH'} ) && ( $ENV{'DCL$PATH'} =~ /(.*)/s );
$ENV{PATH} =~ /(.*)/s;
local $ENV{PATH} = join $sep, grep { $_ ne "" and $_ ne "." and -d $_ and ( $is_mswin or $is_vms or !( stat && ( stat _ )[2] & 0022 ) ) }
split quotemeta($sep), $1;
if ($is_cygwin) { # Must have /bin under Cygwin
if ( length $ENV{PATH} ) {
$ENV{PATH} = $ENV{PATH} . $sep;
}
$ENV{PATH} = $ENV{PATH} . '/bin';
}
$runperl =~ /(.*)/s;
$runperl = $1;
$result = `$runperl`;
}
else {
$result = `$runperl`;
}
$result =~ s/\n\n/\n/ if $is_vms; # XXX pipes sometimes double these
return $result;
}
# Nice alias
*run_perl = *run_perl = \&runperl; # shut up "used only once" warning
sub DIE {
_print_stderr "# @_\n";
exit 1;
}
# A somewhat safer version of the sometimes wrong $^X.
sub which_perl {
unless ( defined $Perl ) {
$Perl = $^X;
# VMS should have 'perl' aliased properly
return $Perl if $is_vms;
my $exe;
if ( !eval { require Config; 1 } ) {
warn "test.pl had problems loading Config: $@";
$exe = '';
}
else {
$exe = $Config::Config{_exe};
}
$exe = '' unless defined $exe;
# This doesn't absolutize the path: beware of future chdirs().
# We could do File::Spec->abs2rel() but that does getcwd()s,
# which is a bit heavyweight to do here.
if ( $Perl =~ /^perl\Q$exe\E$/i ) {
my $perl = "perl$exe";
if ( !eval { require File::Spec; 1 } ) {
warn "test.pl had problems loading File::Spec: $@";
$Perl = "./$perl";
}
else {
$Perl = File::Spec->catfile( File::Spec->curdir(), $perl );
}
}
# Build up the name of the executable file from the name of
# the command.
if ( $Perl !~ /\Q$exe\E$/i ) {
$Perl = $Perl . $exe;
}
warn "which_perl: cannot find $Perl from $^X" unless -f $Perl;
# For subcommands to use.
$ENV{PERLEXE} = $Perl;
}
return $Perl;
}
sub unlink_all {
my $count = 0;
foreach my $file (@_) {
1 while unlink $file;
if ( -f $file ) {
_print_stderr "# Couldn't unlink '$file': $!\n";
}
else {
++$count;
}
}
$count;
}
my %tmpfiles;
END { unlink_all keys %tmpfiles unless $ENV{BC_DEVELOPING}}
# A regexp that matches the tempfile names
$::tempfile_regexp = 'tmp\d+[A-Z][A-Z]?';
# Avoid ++, avoid ranges, avoid split //
my @letters = qw(A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z);
sub tempfile {
my $count = 0;
do {
my $temp = $count;
my $try = "tmp$$";
do {
$try = $try . $letters[ $temp % 26 ];
$temp = int( $temp / 26 );
} while $temp;
# Need to note all the file names we allocated, as a second request may
# come before the first is created.
if ( !-e $try && !$tmpfiles{$try} ) {
# We have a winner
$tmpfiles{$try} = 1;
return $try;
}
$count = $count + 1;
} while $count < 26 * 26;
die "Can't find temporary file name starting 'tmp$$'";
}
# This is the temporary file for _fresh_perl
my $tmpfile = tempfile();
sub _fresh_perl {
my ( $prog, $action, $expect, $runperl_args, $name ) = @_;
my $is_binary;
if ( $0 =~ m/\.bin$/ ) {
$is_binary = 1;
# let makefile do the job
$tmpfile = $0;
($tmpfile) = $tmpfile =~ m/(.*)/;
$tmpfile =~ s/\.bin$/.subtest.$test.t/;
$tmpfiles{$tmpfile} = 1;
unlink $tmpfile if -e $tmpfile and !$ENV{BC_DEVELOPING};
}
# Given the choice of the mis-parsable {}
# (we want an anon hash, but a borked lexer might think that it's a block)
# or relying on taking a reference to a lexical
# (\ might be mis-parsed, and the reference counting on the pad may go
# awry)
# it feels like the least-worse thing is to assume that auto-vivification
# works. At least, this is only going to be a run-time failure, so won't
# affect tests using this file but not this function.
$runperl_args->{progfile} = $tmpfile;
$runperl_args->{stderr} = 1;
# ($tmpfile) = $tmpfile =~ m/(.*)/;
open( my $TEST, '>', $tmpfile ) or die "Cannot open $tmpfile: $!";
# VMS adjustments
if ($is_vms) {
$prog =~ s#/dev/null#NL:#;
# VMS file locking
$prog =~ s{if \(-e _ and -f _ and -r _\)}
{if (-e _ and -f _)}
}
print {$TEST} $prog;
close $TEST or die "Cannot close $tmpfile: $!";
my $results;
if ($is_binary) {
$results = runperl_binary( $tmpfile, $runperl_args );
}
else {
$results = runperl(%$runperl_args);
}
my $status = $?;
# Clean up the results into something a bit more predictable.
$results =~ s/\n+$//;
$results =~ s/at\s+$::tempfile_regexp\s+line/at - line/g;
$results =~ s/of\s+$::tempfile_regexp\s+aborted/of - aborted/g;
# bison says 'parse error' instead of 'syntax error',
# various yaccs may or may not capitalize 'syntax'.
$results =~ s/^(syntax|parse) error/syntax error/mig;
if ($is_vms) {
# some tests will trigger VMS messages that won't be expected
$results =~ s/\n?%[A-Z]+-[SIWEF]-[A-Z]+,.*//;
# pipes double these sometimes
$results =~ s/\n\n/\n/g;
}
# Use the first line of the program as a name if none was given
unless ($name) {
( $first_line, $name ) = $prog =~ /^((.{1,50}).*)/;
$name = $name . '...' if length $first_line > length $name;
}
# Historically this was implemented using a closure, but then that means
# that the tests for closures avoid using this code. Given that there
# are exactly two callers, doing exactly two things, the simpler approach
# feels like a better trade off.
my $pass;
if ( $action eq 'eq' ) {
$pass = is( $results, $expect, $name );
}
elsif ( $action eq '=~' ) {
$pass = like( $results, $expect, $name );
}
else {
die "_fresh_perl can't process action '$action'";
}
unless ($pass) {
_diag "# PROG: \n$prog\n";
_diag "# STATUS: $status\n";
}
return $pass;
}
sub runperl_binary {
my ( $test, $opts ) = @_;
$opts ||= {};
#print STDERR @{$opts->{'switches'}},"\n";
my $error = $opts->{'stderr'} ? '2>&1' : '';
my $taint = $opts->{'switches'} ? join(' ',grep /-[tT]/, @{$opts->{'switches'}}) : '';
my $bin = $test;
my $opt = $ENV{BC_OPT};
$bin =~ s/\.t$/\.bin/;
unlink $bin if -e $bin;
( $ENV{PATH} ) = $ENV{PATH} =~ m/(.*)/;
my $cmd = "$^X -Iblib/arch -Iblib/lib script/perlcc $taint $opt -o $bin $test $error";
( $cmd ) = $cmd =~ m/(.*)/;
print STDERR "# running: make $bin\n";
print STDERR "# $cmd\n" if $ENV{TEST_VERBOSE};
my $make = `$cmd`;
map { print STDERR "# $_\n" } split /\n/, $make;
return $make if $? || $opts->{perlcc_only};
# now execute the binary
my $foo = $opts->{'stdin'} || '';
print STDERR "# running: ./$bin $foo\n";
my $output;
if ($foo) {
$output = `echo "$foo" | ./$bin $error`;
}
else {
$output = `./$bin $error`;
}
unlink $bin unless $ENV{BC_DEVELOPING};
return $output;
}
#
# fresh_perl_is
#
# Combination of run_perl() and is().
#
sub fresh_perl_is {
my ( $prog, $expected, $runperl_args, $name ) = @_;
# _fresh_perl() is going to clip the trailing newlines off the result.
# This will make it so the test author doesn't have to know that.
$expected =~ s/\n+$//;
local $Level = 2;
_fresh_perl( $prog, 'eq', $expected, $runperl_args, $name );
}
#
# fresh_perl_like
#
# Combination of run_perl() and like().
#
sub fresh_perl_like {
my ( $prog, $expected, $runperl_args, $name ) = @_;
local $Level = 2;
_fresh_perl( $prog, '=~', $expected, $runperl_args, $name );
}
# Many tests use the same format in __DATA__ or external files to specify a
# sequence of (fresh) tests to run, extra files they may temporarily need, and
# what the expected output is. So have excatly one copy of the code to run that
sub run_multiple_progs {
my $up = shift;
my @prgs;
if ($up) {
# The tests in lib run in a temporary subdirectory of t, and always
# pass in a list of "programs" to run
@prgs = @_;
}
else {
# The tests below t run in t and pass in a file handle.
my $fh = shift;
local $/;
@prgs = split "\n########\n", <$fh>;
}
my $tmpfile = tempfile();
for (@prgs) {
unless (/\n/) {
print "# From $_\n";
next;
}
my $switch = "";
my @temps;
my @temp_path;
if (s/^(\s*-\w+)//) {
$switch = $1;
}
my ( $prog, $expected ) = split( /\nEXPECT(?:\n|$)/, $_, 2 );
my %reason;
foreach my $what (qw(skip todo)) {
$prog =~ s/^#\s*\U$what\E\s*(.*)\n//m and $reason{$what} = $1;
# If the SKIP reason starts ? then it's taken as a code snippet to
# evaluate. This provides the flexibility to have conditional SKIPs
if ( $reason{$what} && $reason{$what} =~ s/^\?// ) {
my $temp = eval $reason{$what};
if ($@) {
die "# In \U$what\E code reason:\n# $reason{$what}\n$@";
}
$reason{$what} = $temp;
}
}
if ( $prog =~ /--FILE--/ ) {
my @files = split( /\n--FILE--\s*([^\s\n]*)\s*\n/, $prog );
shift @files;
die "Internal error: test $_ didn't split into pairs, got " . scalar(@files) . "[" . join( "%%%%", @files ) . "]\n"
if @files % 2;
while ( @files > 2 ) {
my $filename = shift @files;
my $code = shift @files;
push @temps, $filename;
if ( $filename =~ m#(.*)/# && $filename !~ m#^\.\./# ) {
require File::Path;
File::Path::mkpath($1);
push( @temp_path, $1 );
}
open my $fh, '>', $filename or die "Cannot open $filename: $!\n";
print $fh $code;
close $fh or die "Cannot close $filename: $!\n";
}
shift @files;
$prog = shift @files;
}
open my $fh, '>', $tmpfile or die "Cannot open >$tmpfile: $!";
print $fh q{
BEGIN {
open STDERR, '>&', STDOUT
or die "Can't dup STDOUT->STDERR: $!;";
}
};
print $fh "\n#line 1\n"; # So the line numbers don't get messed up.
print $fh $prog, "\n";
close $fh or die "Cannot close $tmpfile: $!";
my $results = runperl(
stderr => 1, progfile => $tmpfile, $up
? ( switches => [ "-I$up/lib", $switch ], nolib => 1 )
: ( switches => [$switch] )
);
my $status = $?;
$results =~ s/\n+$//;
# allow expected output to be written as if $prog is on STDIN
$results =~ s/$::tempfile_regexp/-/g;
if ( $^O eq 'VMS' ) {
# some tests will trigger VMS messages that won't be expected
$results =~ s/\n?%[A-Z]+-[SIWEF]-[A-Z]+,.*//;
# pipes double these sometimes
$results =~ s/\n\n/\n/g;
}
# bison says 'parse error' instead of 'syntax error',
# various yaccs may or may not capitalize 'syntax'.
$results =~ s/^(syntax|parse) error/syntax error/mig;
# allow all tests to run when there are leaks
$results =~ s/Scalars leaked: \d+\n//g;
$expected =~ s/\n+$//;
my $prefix = ( $results =~ s#^PREFIX(\n|$)## );
# any special options? (OPTIONS foo bar zap)
my $option_regex = 0;
my $option_random = 0;
if ( $expected =~ s/^OPTIONS? (.+)\n// ) {
foreach my $option ( split( ' ', $1 ) ) {
if ( $option eq 'regex' ) { # allow regular expressions
$option_regex = 1;
}
elsif ( $option eq 'random' ) { # all lines match, but in any order
$option_random = 1;
}
else {
die "$0: Unknown OPTION '$option'\n";
}
}
}
die "$0: can't have OPTION regex and random\n"
if $option_regex + $option_random > 1;
my $ok = 0;
if ( $results =~ s/^SKIPPED\n// ) {
print "$results\n";
$ok = 1;
}
elsif ($option_random) {
my @got = sort split "\n", $results;
my @expected = sort split "\n", $expected;
$ok = "@got" eq "@expected";
}
elsif ($option_regex) {
$ok = $results =~ /^$expected/;
}
elsif ($prefix) {
$ok = $results =~ /^\Q$expected/;
}
else {
$ok = $results eq $expected;
}
local $::TODO = $reason{todo};
unless ($ok) {
my $err_line = "PROG: $switch\n$prog\n" . "EXPECTED:\n$expected\n" . "GOT:\n$results\n";
if ($::TODO) {
$err_line =~ s/^/# /mg;
print $err_line; # Harness can't filter it out from STDERR.
}
else {
print STDERR $err_line;
}
}
ok($ok);
if (!$ENV{BC_DEVELOPING}) {
foreach (@temps) {
unlink $_ if $_;
}
foreach (@temp_path) {
File::Path::rmtree $_ if -d $_;
}
}
}
}
sub can_ok ($@) {
my ( $proto, @methods ) = @_;
my $class = ref $proto || $proto;
unless (@methods) {
return _ok( 0, _where(), "$class->can(...)" );
}
my @nok = ();
foreach my $method (@methods) {
local ( $!, $@ ); # don't interfere with caller's $@
# eval sometimes resets $!
eval { $proto->can($method) } || push @nok, $method;
}
my $name;
$name =
@methods == 1
? "$class->can('$methods[0]')"
: "$class->can(...)";
_ok( !@nok, _where(), $name );
}
# Call $class->new( @$args ); and run the result through isa_ok.
# See Test::More::new_ok
sub new_ok {
my ( $class, $args, $obj_name ) = @_;
$args ||= [];
$object_name = "The object" unless defined $obj_name;
local $Level = $Level + 1;
my $obj;
my $ok = eval { $obj = $class->new(@$args); 1 };
my $error = $@;
if ($ok) {
isa_ok( $obj, $class, $object_name );
}
else {
ok( 0, "new() died" );
diag("Error was: $@");
}
return $obj;
}
sub isa_ok ($$;$) {
my ( $object, $class, $obj_name ) = @_;
my $diag;
$obj_name = 'The object' unless defined $obj_name;
my $name = "$obj_name isa $class";
if ( !defined $object ) {
$diag = "$obj_name isn't defined";
}
elsif ( !ref $object ) {
$diag = "$obj_name isn't a reference";
}
else {
# We can't use UNIVERSAL::isa because we want to honor isa() overrides
local ( $@, $! ); # eval sometimes resets $!
my $rslt = eval { $object->isa($class) };
if ($@) {
if ( $@ =~ /^Can't call method "isa" on unblessed reference/ ) {
if ( !UNIVERSAL::isa( $object, $class ) ) {
my $ref = ref $object;
$diag = "$obj_name isn't a '$class' it's a '$ref'";
}
}
else {
die <<WHOA;
WHOA! I tried to call ->isa on your object and got some weird error.
This should never happen. Please contact the author immediately.
Here's the error.
$@
WHOA
}
}
elsif ( !$rslt ) {
my $ref = ref $object;
$diag = "$obj_name isn't a '$class' it's a '$ref'";
}
}
_ok( !$diag, _where(), $name );
}
# Purposefully avoiding a closure.
sub __capture {
push @::__capture, join "", @_;
}
sub capture_warnings {
my $code = shift;
local @::__capture;
local $SIG{__WARN__} = \&__capture;
&$code;
return @::__capture;
}
# This will generate a variable number of tests.
# Use done_testing() instead of a fixed plan.
sub warnings_like {
my ( $code, $expect, $name ) = @_;
local $Level = $Level + 1;
my @w = capture_warnings($code);
cmp_ok( scalar @w, '==', scalar @$expect, $name );
foreach my $e (@$expect) {
if ( ref $e ) {
like( shift @w, $e, $name );
}
else {
is( shift @w, $e, $name );
}
}
if (@w) {
diag("Saw these additional warnings:");
diag($_) foreach @w;
}
}
sub _fail_excess_warnings {
my ( $expect, $got, $name ) = @_;
local $Level = $Level + 1;
# This will fail, and produce diagnostics
is( $expect, scalar @$got, $name );
diag("Saw these warnings:");
diag($_) foreach @$got;
}
sub warning_is {
my ( $code, $expect, $name ) = @_;
die sprintf "Expect must be a string or undef, not a %s reference", ref $expect
if ref $expect;
local $Level = $Level + 1;
my @w = capture_warnings($code);
if ( @w > 1 ) {
_fail_excess_warnings( 0 + defined $expect, \@w, $name );
}
else {
is( $w[0], $expect, $name );
}
}
sub warning_like {
my ( $code, $expect, $name ) = @_;
die sprintf "Expect must be a regexp object"
unless ref $expect eq 'Regexp';
local $Level = $Level + 1;
my @w = capture_warnings($code);
if ( @w > 1 ) {
_fail_excess_warnings( 0 + defined $expect, \@w, $name );
}
else {
like( $w[0], $expect, $name );
}
}
# Set a watchdog to timeout the entire test file
# NOTE: If the test file uses 'threads', then call the watchdog() function
# _AFTER_ the 'threads' module is loaded.
sub watchdog ($;$) {
my $timeout = shift;
my $method = shift || "";
my $timeout_msg = 'Test process timed out - terminating';
# Valgrind slows perl way down so give it more time before dying.
$timeout *= 10 if $ENV{PERL_VALGRIND};
my $pid_to_kill = $$; # PID for this process
if ( $method eq "alarm" ) {
goto WATCHDOG_VIA_ALARM;
}
# shut up use only once warning
my $threads_on = $threads::threads && $threads::threads;
# Don't use a watchdog process if 'threads' is loaded -
# use a watchdog thread instead
if ( !$threads_on ) {
# On Windows and VMS, try launching a watchdog process
# using system(1, ...) (see perlport.pod)
if ( $is_mswin || $is_vms ) {
# On Windows, try to get the 'real' PID
if ($is_mswin) {
eval { require Win32; };
if ( defined(&Win32::GetCurrentProcessId) ) {
$pid_to_kill = Win32::GetCurrentProcessId();
}
}
# If we still have a fake PID, we can't use this method at all
return if ( $pid_to_kill <= 0 );
# Launch watchdog process
my $watchdog;
eval {
local $SIG{'__WARN__'} = sub {
_diag("Watchdog warning: $_[0]");
};
my $sig = $is_vms ? 'TERM' : 'KILL';
my $cmd = _create_runperl( prog => "sleep($timeout);" . "warn qq/# $timeout_msg" . '\n/;' . "kill($sig, $pid_to_kill);" );
$watchdog = system( 1, $cmd );
};
if ( $@ || ( $watchdog <= 0 ) ) {
_diag('Failed to start watchdog');
_diag($@) if $@;
undef($watchdog);
return;
}
# Add END block to parent to terminate and
# clean up watchdog process
eval "END { local \$! = 0; local \$? = 0;
wait() if kill('KILL', $watchdog); };";
return;
}
# Try using fork() to generate a watchdog process
my $watchdog;
eval { $watchdog = fork() };
if ( defined($watchdog) ) {
if ($watchdog) { # Parent process
# Add END block to parent to terminate and
# clean up watchdog process
eval "END { local \$! = 0; local \$? = 0;
wait() if kill('KILL', $watchdog); };";
return;
}
### Watchdog process code
# Load POSIX if available
eval { require POSIX; };
# Execute the timeout
sleep( $timeout - 2 ) if ( $timeout > 2 ); # Workaround for perlbug #49073
sleep(2);
# Kill test process if still running
if ( kill( 0, $pid_to_kill ) ) {
_diag($timeout_msg);
kill( 'KILL', $pid_to_kill );
}
# Don't execute END block (added at beginning of this file)
$NO_ENDING = 1;
# Terminate ourself (i.e., the watchdog)
POSIX::_exit(1) if ( defined(&POSIX::_exit) );
exit(1);
}
# fork() failed - fall through and try using a thread
}
# Use a watchdog thread because either 'threads' is loaded,
# or fork() failed
if ( eval { require threads; 1 } ) {
'threads'->create(
sub {
# Load POSIX if available
eval { require POSIX; };
# Execute the timeout
my $time_left = $timeout;
do {
$time_left = $time_left - sleep($time_left);
} while ( $time_left > 0 );
# Kill the parent (and ourself)
select(STDERR);
$| = 1;
_diag($timeout_msg);
POSIX::_exit(1) if ( defined(&POSIX::_exit) );
my $sig = $is_vms ? 'TERM' : 'KILL';
kill( $sig, $pid_to_kill );
}
)->detach();
return;
}
# If everything above fails, then just use an alarm timeout
WATCHDOG_VIA_ALARM:
if ( eval { alarm($timeout); 1; } ) {
# Load POSIX if available
eval { require POSIX; };
# Alarm handler will do the actual 'killing'
$SIG{'ALRM'} = sub {
select(STDERR);
$| = 1;
_diag($timeout_msg);
POSIX::_exit(1) if ( defined(&POSIX::_exit) );
my $sig = $is_vms ? 'TERM' : 'KILL';
kill( $sig, $pid_to_kill );
};
}
}
my $cp_0037 = # EBCDIC code page 0037
'\x00\x01\x02\x03\x37\x2D\x2E\x2F\x16\x05\x25\x0B\x0C\x0D\x0E\x0F'
. '\x10\x11\x12\x13\x3C\x3D\x32\x26\x18\x19\x3F\x27\x1C\x1D\x1E\x1F'
. '\x40\x5A\x7F\x7B\x5B\x6C\x50\x7D\x4D\x5D\x5C\x4E\x6B\x60\x4B\x61'
. '\xF0\xF1\xF2\xF3\xF4\xF5\xF6\xF7\xF8\xF9\x7A\x5E\x4C\x7E\x6E\x6F'
. '\x7C\xC1\xC2\xC3\xC4\xC5\xC6\xC7\xC8\xC9\xD1\xD2\xD3\xD4\xD5\xD6'
. '\xD7\xD8\xD9\xE2\xE3\xE4\xE5\xE6\xE7\xE8\xE9\xBA\xE0\xBB\xB0\x6D'
. '\x79\x81\x82\x83\x84\x85\x86\x87\x88\x89\x91\x92\x93\x94\x95\x96'
. '\x97\x98\x99\xA2\xA3\xA4\xA5\xA6\xA7\xA8\xA9\xC0\x4F\xD0\xA1\x07'
. '\x20\x21\x22\x23\x24\x15\x06\x17\x28\x29\x2A\x2B\x2C\x09\x0A\x1B'
. '\x30\x31\x1A\x33\x34\x35\x36\x08\x38\x39\x3A\x3B\x04\x14\x3E\xFF'
. '\x41\xAA\x4A\xB1\x9F\xB2\x6A\xB5\xBD\xB4\x9A\x8A\x5F\xCA\xAF\xBC'
. '\x90\x8F\xEA\xFA\xBE\xA0\xB6\xB3\x9D\xDA\x9B\x8B\xB7\xB8\xB9\xAB'
. '\x64\x65\x62\x66\x63\x67\x9E\x68\x74\x71\x72\x73\x78\x75\x76\x77'
. '\xAC\x69\xED\xEE\xEB\xEF\xEC\xBF\x80\xFD\xFE\xFB\xFC\xAD\xAE\x59'
. '\x44\x45\x42\x46\x43\x47\x9C\x48\x54\x51\x52\x53\x58\x55\x56\x57'
. '\x8C\x49\xCD\xCE\xCB\xCF\xCC\xE1\x70\xDD\xDE\xDB\xDC\x8D\x8E\xDF';
my $cp_1047 = # EBCDIC code page 1047
'\x00\x01\x02\x03\x37\x2D\x2E\x2F\x16\x05\x15\x0B\x0C\x0D\x0E\x0F'
. '\x10\x11\x12\x13\x3C\x3D\x32\x26\x18\x19\x3F\x27\x1C\x1D\x1E\x1F'
. '\x40\x5A\x7F\x7B\x5B\x6C\x50\x7D\x4D\x5D\x5C\x4E\x6B\x60\x4B\x61'
. '\xF0\xF1\xF2\xF3\xF4\xF5\xF6\xF7\xF8\xF9\x7A\x5E\x4C\x7E\x6E\x6F'
. '\x7C\xC1\xC2\xC3\xC4\xC5\xC6\xC7\xC8\xC9\xD1\xD2\xD3\xD4\xD5\xD6'
. '\xD7\xD8\xD9\xE2\xE3\xE4\xE5\xE6\xE7\xE8\xE9\xAD\xE0\xBD\x5F\x6D'
. '\x79\x81\x82\x83\x84\x85\x86\x87\x88\x89\x91\x92\x93\x94\x95\x96'
. '\x97\x98\x99\xA2\xA3\xA4\xA5\xA6\xA7\xA8\xA9\xC0\x4F\xD0\xA1\x07'
. '\x20\x21\x22\x23\x24\x25\x06\x17\x28\x29\x2A\x2B\x2C\x09\x0A\x1B'
. '\x30\x31\x1A\x33\x34\x35\x36\x08\x38\x39\x3A\x3B\x04\x14\x3E\xFF'
. '\x41\xAA\x4A\xB1\x9F\xB2\x6A\xB5\xBB\xB4\x9A\x8A\xB0\xCA\xAF\xBC'
. '\x90\x8F\xEA\xFA\xBE\xA0\xB6\xB3\x9D\xDA\x9B\x8B\xB7\xB8\xB9\xAB'
. '\x64\x65\x62\x66\x63\x67\x9E\x68\x74\x71\x72\x73\x78\x75\x76\x77'
. '\xAC\x69\xED\xEE\xEB\xEF\xEC\xBF\x80\xFD\xFE\xFB\xFC\xBA\xAE\x59'
. '\x44\x45\x42\x46\x43\x47\x9C\x48\x54\x51\x52\x53\x58\x55\x56\x57'
. '\x8C\x49\xCD\xCE\xCB\xCF\xCC\xE1\x70\xDD\xDE\xDB\xDC\x8D\x8E\xDF';
my $cp_bc = # EBCDIC code page POSiX-BC
'\x00\x01\x02\x03\x37\x2D\x2E\x2F\x16\x05\x15\x0B\x0C\x0D\x0E\x0F'
. '\x10\x11\x12\x13\x3C\x3D\x32\x26\x18\x19\x3F\x27\x1C\x1D\x1E\x1F'
. '\x40\x5A\x7F\x7B\x5B\x6C\x50\x7D\x4D\x5D\x5C\x4E\x6B\x60\x4B\x61'
. '\xF0\xF1\xF2\xF3\xF4\xF5\xF6\xF7\xF8\xF9\x7A\x5E\x4C\x7E\x6E\x6F'
. '\x7C\xC1\xC2\xC3\xC4\xC5\xC6\xC7\xC8\xC9\xD1\xD2\xD3\xD4\xD5\xD6'
. '\xD7\xD8\xD9\xE2\xE3\xE4\xE5\xE6\xE7\xE8\xE9\xBB\xBC\xBD\x6A\x6D'
. '\x4A\x81\x82\x83\x84\x85\x86\x87\x88\x89\x91\x92\x93\x94\x95\x96'
. '\x97\x98\x99\xA2\xA3\xA4\xA5\xA6\xA7\xA8\xA9\xFB\x4F\xFD\xFF\x07'
. '\x20\x21\x22\x23\x24\x25\x06\x17\x28\x29\x2A\x2B\x2C\x09\x0A\x1B'
. '\x30\x31\x1A\x33\x34\x35\x36\x08\x38\x39\x3A\x3B\x04\x14\x3E\x5F'
. '\x41\xAA\xB0\xB1\x9F\xB2\xD0\xB5\x79\xB4\x9A\x8A\xBA\xCA\xAF\xA1'
. '\x90\x8F\xEA\xFA\xBE\xA0\xB6\xB3\x9D\xDA\x9B\x8B\xB7\xB8\xB9\xAB'
. '\x64\x65\x62\x66\x63\x67\x9E\x68\x74\x71\x72\x73\x78\x75\x76\x77'
. '\xAC\x69\xED\xEE\xEB\xEF\xEC\xBF\x80\xE0\xFE\xDD\xFC\xAD\xAE\x59'
. '\x44\x45\x42\x46\x43\x47\x9C\x48\x54\x51\x52\x53\x58\x55\x56\x57'
. '\x8C\x49\xCD\xCE\xCB\xCF\xCC\xE1\x70\xC0\xDE\xDB\xDC\x8D\x8E\xDF';
my $straight = # Avoid ranges
'\x00\x01\x02\x03\x04\x05\x06\x07\x08\x09\x0A\x0B\x0C\x0D\x0E\x0F'
. '\x10\x11\x12\x13\x14\x15\x16\x17\x18\x19\x1A\x1B\x1C\x1D\x1E\x1F'
. '\x20\x21\x22\x23\x24\x25\x26\x27\x28\x29\x2A\x2B\x2C\x2D\x2E\x2F'
. '\x30\x31\x32\x33\x34\x35\x36\x37\x38\x39\x3A\x3B\x3C\x3D\x3E\x3F'
. '\x40\x41\x42\x43\x44\x45\x46\x47\x48\x49\x4A\x4B\x4C\x4D\x4E\x4F'
. '\x50\x51\x52\x53\x54\x55\x56\x57\x58\x59\x5A\x5B\x5C\x5D\x5E\x5F'
. '\x60\x61\x62\x63\x64\x65\x66\x67\x68\x69\x6A\x6B\x6C\x6D\x6E\x6F'
. '\x70\x71\x72\x73\x74\x75\x76\x77\x78\x79\x7A\x7B\x7C\x7D\x7E\x7F'
. '\x80\x81\x82\x83\x84\x85\x86\x87\x88\x89\x8A\x8B\x8C\x8D\x8E\x8F'
. '\x90\x91\x92\x93\x94\x95\x96\x97\x98\x99\x9A\x9B\x9C\x9D\x9E\x9F'
. '\xA0\xA1\xA2\xA3\xA4\xA5\xA6\xA7\xA8\xA9\xAA\xAB\xAC\xAD\xAE\xAF'
. '\xB0\xB1\xB2\xB3\xB4\xB5\xB6\xB7\xB8\xB9\xBA\xBB\xBC\xBD\xBE\xBF'
. '\xC0\xC1\xC2\xC3\xC4\xC5\xC6\xC7\xC8\xC9\xCA\xCB\xCC\xCD\xCE\xCF'
. '\xD0\xD1\xD2\xD3\xD4\xD5\xD6\xD7\xD8\xD9\xDA\xDB\xDC\xDD\xDE\xDF'
. '\xE0\xE1\xE2\xE3\xE4\xE5\xE6\xE7\xE8\xE9\xEA\xEB\xEC\xED\xEE\xEF'
. '\xF0\xF1\xF2\xF3\xF4\xF5\xF6\xF7\xF8\xF9\xFA\xFB\xFC\xFD\xFE\xFF';
# The following 2 functions allow tests to work on both EBCDIC and
# ASCII-ish platforms. They convert string scalars between the native
# character set and the set of 256 characters which is usually called
# Latin1.
#
# These routines don't work on UTF-EBCDIC and UTF-8.
sub native_to_latin1($) {
my $string = shift;
return $string if ord('^') == 94; # ASCII, Latin1
my $cp;
if ( ord('^') == 95 ) { # EBCDIC 1047
$cp = \$cp_1047;
}
elsif ( ord('^') == 106 ) { # EBCDIC POSIX-BC
$cp = \$cp_bc;
}
elsif ( ord('^') == 176 ) { # EBCDIC 037 */
$cp = \$cp_0037;
}
else {
die "Unknown native character set";
}
eval '$string =~ tr/' . $$cp . '/' . $straight . '/';
return $string;
}
sub latin1_to_native($) {
my $string = shift;
return $string if ord('^') == 94; # ASCII, Latin1
my $cp;
if ( ord('^') == 95 ) { # EBCDIC 1047
$cp = \$cp_1047;
}
elsif ( ord('^') == 106 ) { # EBCDIC POSIX-BC
$cp = \$cp_bc;
}
elsif ( ord('^') == 176 ) { # EBCDIC 037 */
$cp = \$cp_0037;
}
else {
die "Unknown native character set";
}
eval '$string =~ tr/' . $straight . '/' . $$cp . '/';
return $string;
}
sub ord_latin1_to_native {
# given an input code point, return the platform's native
# equivalent value. Anything above latin1 is itself.
my $ord = shift;
return $ord if $ord > 255;
return ord latin1_to_native( chr $ord );
}
sub ord_native_to_latin1 {
# given an input platform code point, return the latin1 equivalent value.
# Anything above latin1 is itself.
my $ord = shift;
return $ord if $ord > 255;
return ord native_to_latin1( chr $ord );
}
1;