NAME

Teng - very simple DBI wrapper/ORMapper

SYNOPSIS

my $db = MyDB->new({ connect_info => [ 'dbi:SQLite:' ] });
my $row = $db->insert( 'table' => {
    col1 => $value
} );

DESCRIPTION

Teng is very simple DBI wrapper and simple O/R Mapper. It aims to be lightweight, with minimal dependencies so it's easier to install.

BASIC USAGE

create your db model base class.

package Your::Model;
use parent 'Teng';
1;

create your db schema class. See Teng::Schema for docs on defining schema class.

package Your::Model::Schema;
use Teng::Schema::Declare;
table {
    name 'user';
    pk 'id';
    columns qw( foo bar baz );
};
1;

in your script.

use Your::Model;

my $teng = Your::Model->new(\%args);
# insert new record.
my $row = $teng->insert('user',
    {
        id   => 1,
    }
);
$row->update({name => 'nekokak'}); # same do { $row->name('nekokak'); $row->update; }

$row = $teng->single_by_sql(q{SELECT id, name FROM user WHERE id = ?}, [ 1 ]);
$row->delete();

ARCHITECTURE

Teng classes are comprised of three distinct components:

MODEL

The model is where you say

package MyApp::Model;
use parent 'Teng';

This is the entry point to using Teng. You connect, insert, update, delete, select stuff using this object.

SCHEMA

The schema is a simple class that describes your table definitions. Note that this is different from DBIx::Class terms. DBIC's schema is equivalent to Teng's model + schema, where the actual schema information is scattered across the result classes.

In Teng, you simply use Teng::Schema's domain specific language to define a set of tables

package MyApp::Model::Schema;
use Teng::Schema::Declare;

table {
    name $table_name;
    pk $primary_key_column;
    columns qw(
        column1
        column2
        column3
    );
}

... and other tables ...

ROW

Unlike DBIx::Class, you don't need to have a set of classes that represent a row type (i.e. "result" classes in DBIC terms). In Teng, the row objects are blessed into anonymous classes that inherit from Teng::Row, so you don't have to create these classes if you just want to use some simple queries.

If you want to define methods to be performed by your row objects, simply create a row class like so:

package MyApp::Model::Row::Camelizedtable_name;
use parent qw(Teng::Row);

Note that your table name will be camelized.

METHODS

Teng provides a number of methods to all your classes,

$teng = Teng->new(\%args)

Creates a new Teng instance.
```
# connect new database connection.
my $db = Your::Model->new(
    connect_info => [ $dsn, $username, $password, \%connect_options ]
);
```
Arguments can be:
- connect_info
  
  Specifies the information required to connect to the database. The argument should be a reference to a array in the form:
```
[ $dsn, $user, $password, \%options ]
```
  You must pass connect_info or dbh to the constructor.
- dbh
  
  Specifies the database handle to use.
- no_ping
  
  By default, ping before each executing query. If it affect performance then you can set to true for ping stopping.
- fields_case
  
  specific DBI.pm's FetchHashKeyName.
- schema
  
  Specifies the Teng::Schema instance to use. If not specified, the value specified in schema_class is loaded and instantiated for you.
- schema_class
  
  Specifies the schema class to use. By default {YOUR_MODEL_CLASS}::Schema is used.
- txn_manager_class
  
  Specifies the transaction manager class. By default DBIx::TransactionManager is used.
- suppress_row_objects
  
  Specifies the row object creation mode. By default this value is false. If you specifies this to a true value, no row object will be created when a SELECT statement is issued..
- sql_builder
  
  Speficies the SQL builder object. By default SQL::Maker is used, and as such, if you provide your own SQL builder the interface needs to be compatible with SQL::Maker.
- sql_builder_class : Str
  
  Speficies the SQL builder class name. By default SQL::Maker is used, and as such, if you provide your own SQL builder the interface needs to be compatible with SQL::Maker.
  
  Specified sql_builder_class is instantiated with following:
```
$sql_builder_class->new(
    driver => $teng->{driver_name},
    %{ $teng->{sql_builder_args}  }
)
```
  This is not used when sql_builder is specified.
- sql_builder_args : HashRef
  
  Speficies the arguments for constructor of sql_builder_class. This is not used when sql_builder is specified.
$row = $teng->insert($table_name, \%row_data)

Inserts a new record. Returns the inserted row object.
```
my $row = $teng->insert('user',{
    id   => 1,
    name => 'nekokak',
});
```
If a primary key is available, it will be fetched after the insert -- so an INSERT followed by SELECT is performed. If you do not want this, use fast_insert.
$last_insert_id = $teng->fast_insert($table_name, \%row_data);

insert new record and get last_insert_id.

no creation row object.
$teng->do_insert

Internal method called from insert and fast_insert. You can hook it on your responsibility.
$teng->bulk_insert($table_name, \@rows_data, \%opt)

Accepts either an arrayref of hashrefs. each hashref should be a structure suitable for submitting to a Your::Model->insert(...) method. The second argument is an arrayref of hashrefs. All of the keys in these hashrefs must be exactly the same.

insert many record by bulk.

example:
```
Your::Model->bulk_insert('user',[
    {
        id   => 1,
        name => 'nekokak',
    },
    {
        id   => 2,
        name => 'yappo',
    },
    {
        id   => 3,
        name => 'walf443',
    },
]);
```
You can specify $opt like { prefix => 'INSERT IGNORE INTO' } or { update => { name => 'updated' } } optionally, which will be passed to query builder.

$update_row_count = $teng->update($table_name, \%update_row_data, [\%update_condition])

Calls UPDATE on $table_name, with values specified in %update_ro_data, and returns the number of rows updated. You may optionally specify %update_condition to create a conditional update query.

my $update_row_count = $teng->update('user',
    {
        name => 'nomaneko',
    },
    {
        id => 1
    }
);
# Executes UPDATE user SET name = 'nomaneko' WHERE id = 1

You can also call update on a row object:

my $row = $teng->single('user',{id => 1});
$row->update({name => 'nomaneko'});

You can use the set_column method:

my $row = $teng->single('user', {id => 1});
$row->set_column( name => 'yappo' );
$row->update;

you can column update by using column method:

my $row = $teng->single('user', {id => 1});
$row->name('yappo');
$row->update;

$updated_row_count = $teng->do_update($table_name, \%set, \%where)

This is low level API for UPDATE. Normally, you should use update method instead of this.

This method does not deflate \%args.
$delete_row_count = $teng->delete($table, \%delete_condition)

Deletes the specified record(s) from $table and returns the number of rows deleted. You may optionally specify %delete_condition to create a conditional delete query.
```
my $rows_deleted = $teng->delete( 'user', {
    id => 1
} );
# Executes DELETE FROM user WHERE id = 1
```
You can also call delete on a row object:
```
my $row = $teng->single('user', {id => 1});
$row->delete
```
$itr = $teng->search($table_name, [\%search_condition, [\%search_attr]])

simple search method. search method get Teng::Iterator's instance object.

see Teng::Iterator

get iterator:
```
my $itr = $teng->search('user',{id => 1},{order_by => 'id'});
```
get rows:
```
my @rows = $teng->search('user',{id => 1},{order_by => 'id'});
```
$row = $teng->single($table_name, \%search_condition)

get one record. give back one case of the beginning when it is acquired plural records by single method.
```
my $row = $teng->single('user',{id =>1});
```
$row = $teng->new_row_from_hash($table_name, \%row_data, [$sql])

create row object from data. (not fetch from db.) It's useful in such as testing.
```
my $row = $teng->new_row_from_hash('user', { id => 1, foo => "bar" });
say $row->foo; # say bar
```
$itr = $teng->search_named($sql, [\%bind_values, [$table_name]])

execute named query
```
my $itr = $teng->search_named(q{SELECT * FROM user WHERE id = :id}, {id => 1});
```
If you give ArrayRef to value, that is expanded to "(?,?,?,?)" in SQL. It's useful in case use IN statement.
```
# SELECT * FROM user WHERE id IN (?,?,?);
# bind [1,2,3]
my $itr = $teng->search_named(q{SELECT * FROM user WHERE id IN :ids}, {ids => [1, 2, 3]});
```
If you give table_name. It is assumed the hint that makes Teng::Row's Object.
$itr = $teng->search_by_sql($sql, [\@bind_values, [$table_name]])

execute your SQL
```
my $itr = $teng->search_by_sql(q{
    SELECT
        id, name
    FROM
        user
    WHERE
        id = ?
},[ 1 ]);
```
If $table is specified, it set table information to result iterator. So, you can use table row class to search_by_sql result.

$row = $teng->single_by_sql($sql, [\@bind_values, [$table_name]])

get one record from your SQL.

my $row = $teng->single_by_sql(q{SELECT id,name FROM user WHERE id = ? LIMIT 1}, [1], 'user');

This is a shortcut for

my $row = $teng->search_by_sql(q{SELECT id,name FROM user WHERE id = ? LIMIT 1}, [1], 'user')->next;

But optimized implementation.

$row = $teng->single_named($sql, [\%bind_values, [$table_name]])

get one record from execute named query

my $row = $teng->single_named(q{SELECT id,name FROM user WHERE id = :id LIMIT 1}, {id => 1}, 'user');

This is a shortcut for

my $row = $teng->search_named(q{SELECT id,name FROM user WHERE id = :id LIMIT 1}, {id => 1}, 'user')->next;

But optimized implementation.

$sth = $teng->execute($sql, [\@bind_values])

execute query and get statement handler. and will be inserted caller's file and line as a comment in the SQL if $ENV{TENG_SQL_COMMENT} or sql_comment is true value.
$teng->txn_scope

Creates a new transaction scope guard object.
```
do {
    my $txn = $teng->txn_scope;


$row-&gt;update({foo =&gt; 'bar'});


$txn-&gt;commit;


}
```
If an exception occurs, or the guard object otherwise leaves the scope before $txn->commit is called, the transaction will be rolled back by an explicit "txn_rollback" call. In essence this is akin to using a "txn_begin"/"txn_commit" pair, without having to worry about calling "txn_rollback" at the right places. Note that since there is no defined code closure, there will be no retries and other magic upon database disconnection.
$txn_manager = $teng->txn_manager

Create the transaction manager instance with specified txn_manager_class.
$teng->txn_begin

start new transaction.
$teng->txn_commit

commit transaction.
$teng->txn_rollback

rollback transaction.
$teng->txn_end

finish transaction.
$teng->do($sql, [\%option, @bind_values])

Execute the query specified by $sql, using %option and @bind_values as necessary. This pretty much a wrapper around http://search.cpan.org/dist/DBI/DBI.pm#do
$teng->dbh

get database handle.
$teng->connect(\@connect_info)

connect database handle.

connect_info is [$dsn, $user, $password, $options].

If you give \@connect_info, create new database connection.
$teng->disconnect()

Disconnects from the currently connected database.
$teng->suppress_row_objects($flag)

set row object creation mode.
$teng->load_plugin();
```
$teng->load_plugin($plugin_class, $options);
```
This imports plugin class's methods to $teng class and it calls $plugin_class's init method if it has.
```
$plugin_class->init($teng, $options);
```
If you want to change imported method name, use alias option. for example:
```
YourDB->load_plugin('BulkInsert', { alias => { bulk_insert => 'isnert_bulk' } });
```
BulkInsert's "bulk_insert" method is imported as "insert_bulk".
$teng->handle_error

handling error method.
$teng->connected

check connected or not.
$teng->reconnect

reconnect database
$teng->mode

DEPRECATED AND *WILL* BE REMOVED. PLEASE USE no_ping option.
How do you use display the profiling result?

use Devel::KYTProf.

TRIGGERS

Teng does not support triggers (NOTE: do not confuse it with SQL triggers - we're talking about Perl level triggers). If you really want to hook into the various methods, use something like Moose, Mouse, and Class::Method::Modifiers.

BUGS AND LIMITATIONS

No bugs have been reported.

AUTHORS

Atsushi Kobayashi <nekokak __at__ gmail.com>

Tokuhiro Matsuno tokuhirom@gmail.com

Daisuke Maki <daisuke@endeworks.jp>

SUPPORT

irc: #dbix-skinny@irc.perl.org

ML: http://groups.google.com/group/dbix-skinny

REPOSITORY

git clone git://github.com/nekokak/p5-teng.git

LICENCE AND COPYRIGHT

This module is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself. See perlartistic.

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