package MooseX::Getopt;
use Moose::Role;
use Getopt::Long ();
use MooseX::Getopt::OptionTypeMap;
use MooseX::Getopt::Meta::Attribute;
our $VERSION = '0.05';
our $AUTHORITY = 'cpan:STEVAN';
has ARGV => (is => 'rw', isa => 'ArrayRef');
has extra_argv => (is => 'rw', isa => 'ArrayRef');
sub new_with_options {
my ($class, %params) = @_;
my (@options, %name_to_init_arg);
foreach my $attr ($class->meta->compute_all_applicable_attributes) {
my $name = $attr->name;
my $aliases;
if ($attr->isa('MooseX::Getopt::Meta::Attribute')) {
$name = $attr->cmd_flag if $attr->has_cmd_flag;
$aliases = $attr->cmd_aliases if $attr->has_cmd_aliases;
}
else {
next if $name =~ /^_/;
}
$name_to_init_arg{$name} = $attr->init_arg;
my $opt_string = $aliases
? join(q{|}, $name, @$aliases)
: $name;
if ($attr->has_type_constraint) {
my $type_name = $attr->type_constraint->name;
if (MooseX::Getopt::OptionTypeMap->has_option_type($type_name)) {
$opt_string .= MooseX::Getopt::OptionTypeMap->get_option_type($type_name);
}
}
push @options => $opt_string;
}
my %options;
# Get a clean copy of the original @ARGV
my $argv_copy = [ @ARGV ];
{
local $SIG{__WARN__} = sub { die $_[0] };
Getopt::Long::GetOptions(\%options, @options);
}
# Get a copy of the Getopt::Long-mangled @ARGV
my $argv_mangled = [ @ARGV ];
# Restore the original @ARGV;
@ARGV = @$argv_copy;
#use Data::Dumper;
#warn Dumper \@options;
#warn Dumper \%name_to_init_arg;
#warn Dumper \%options;
$class->new(
ARGV => $argv_copy,
extra_argv => $argv_mangled,
%params,
map {
$name_to_init_arg{$_} => $options{$_}
} keys %options,
);
}
no Moose::Role; 1;
__END__
=pod
=head1 NAME
MooseX::Getopt - A Moose role for processing command line options
=head1 SYNOPSIS
## In your class
package My::App;
use Moose;
with 'MooseX::Getopt';
has 'out' => (is => 'rw', isa => 'Str', required => 1);
has 'in' => (is => 'rw', isa => 'Str', required => 1);
# ... rest of the class here
## in your script
#!/usr/bin/perl
use My::App;
my $app = My::App->new_with_options();
# ... rest of the script here
## on the command line
% perl my_app_script.pl -in file.input -out file.dump
=head1 DESCRIPTION
This is a role which provides an alternate constructor for creating
objects using parameters passed in from the command line.
This module attempts to DWIM as much as possible with the command line
params by introspecting your class's attributes. It will use the name
of your attribute as the command line option, and if there is a type
constraint defined, it will configure Getopt::Long to handle the option
accordingly.
You can use the attribute metaclass L<MooseX::Getopt::Meta::Attribute>
to get non-default commandline option names and aliases.
By default, attributes which start with an underscore are not given
commandline argument support, unless the attribute's metaclass is set
to L<MooseX::Getopt::Meta::Attribute>. If you don't want you accessors
to have the leading underscore in thier name, you can do this:
# for read/write attributes
has '_foo' => (accessor => 'foo', ...);
# or for read-only attributes
has '_bar' => (reader => 'bar', ...);
This will mean that Getopt will not handle a --foo param, but your
code can still call the C<foo> method.
=head2 Supported Type Constraints
=over 4
=item I<Bool>
A I<Bool> type constraint is set up as a boolean option with
Getopt::Long. So that this attribute description:
has 'verbose' => (is => 'rw', isa => 'Bool');
would translate into C<verbose!> as a Getopt::Long option descriptor,
which would enable the following command line options:
% my_script.pl --verbose
% my_script.pl --noverbose
=item I<Int>, I<Float>, I<Str>
These type constraints are set up as properly typed options with
Getopt::Long, using the C<=i>, C<=f> and C<=s> modifiers as appropriate.
=item I<ArrayRef>
An I<ArrayRef> type constraint is set up as a multiple value option
in Getopt::Long. So that this attribute description:
has 'include' => (
is => 'rw',
isa => 'ArrayRef',
default => sub { [] }
);
would translate into C<includes=s@> as a Getopt::Long option descriptor,
which would enable the following command line options:
% my_script.pl --include /usr/lib --include /usr/local/lib
=item I<HashRef>
A I<HashRef> type constraint is set up as a hash value option
in Getopt::Long. So that this attribute description:
has 'define' => (
is => 'rw',
isa => 'HashRef',
default => sub { {} }
);
would translate into C<define=s%> as a Getopt::Long option descriptor,
which would enable the following command line options:
% my_script.pl --define os=linux --define vendor=debian
=back
=head2 Custom Type Constraints
It is possible to create custom type constraint to option spec
mappings if you need them. The process is fairly simple (but a
little verbose maybe). First you create a custom subtype, like
so:
subtype 'ArrayOfInts'
=> as 'ArrayRef'
=> where { scalar (grep { looks_like_number($_) } @$_) };
Then you register the mapping, like so:
MooseX::Getopt::OptionTypeMap->add_option_type_to_map(
'ArrayOfInts' => '=i@'
);
Now any attribute declarations using this type constraint will
get the custom option spec. So that, this:
has 'nums' => (
is => 'ro',
isa => 'ArrayOfInts',
default => sub { [0] }
);
Will translate to the following on the command line:
% my_script.pl --nums 5 --nums 88 --nums 199
This example is fairly trivial, but more complex validations are
easily possible with a little creativity. The trick is balancing
the type constraint validations with the Getopt::Long validations.
Better examples are certainly welcome :)
=head2 Inferred Type Constraints
If you define a custom subtype which is a subtype of one of the
standard L</Supported Type Constraints> above, and do not explicitly
provide custom support as in L</Custom Type Constraints> above,
MooseX::Getopt will treat it like the parent type for Getopt
purposes.
For example, if you had the same custom C<ArrayOfInts> subtype
from the examples above, but did not add a new custom option
type for it to the C<OptionTypeMap>, it would be treated just
like a normal C<ArrayRef> type for Getopt purposes (that is,
C<=s@>).
=head1 METHODS
=over 4
=item B<new_with_options (%params)>
This method will take a set of default C<%params> and then collect
params from the command line (possibly overriding those in C<%params>)
and then return a newly constructed object.
If L<Getopt::Long/GetOptions> fails (due to invalid arguments),
C<new_with_options> will throw an exception.
=item B<ARGV>
This accessor contains a reference to a copy of the C<@ARGV> array
as it originally existed at the time of C<new_with_options>.
=item B<extra_argv>
This accessor contains an arrayref of leftover C<@ARGV> elements that
L<Getopt::Long> did not parse. Note that the real C<@ARGV> is left
un-mangled.
=item B<meta>
This returns the role meta object.
=back
=head1 BUGS
All complex software has bugs lurking in it, and this module is no
exception. If you find a bug please either email me, or add the bug
to cpan-RT.
=head1 AUTHOR
Stevan Little E<lt>stevan@iinteractive.comE<gt>
Brandon L. Black, E<lt>blblack@gmail.comE<gt>
=head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
Copyright 2007 by Infinity Interactive, Inc.
L<http://www.iinteractive.com>
This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the same terms as Perl itself.
=cut