Jifty::DBI::Schema - Use a simple syntax to describe a Jifty table.
package MyApp::Model::Page; use Jifty::DBI::Schema; use Jifty::DBI::Record schema { # ... your columns here ... };
Each Jifty Application::Model::Class module describes a record class for a Jifty application. Each column statement sets out the name and attributes used to describe the column in a backend database, in user interfaces, and other contexts. For example:
column
column content => type is 'text', label is 'Content', render as 'textarea';
defines a column called content that is of type text. It will be rendered with the label Content (note the capital) and as a textarea in a HTML form.
content
text
Content
textarea
Jifty::DBI::Schema builds a Jifty::DBI::Column. That class defines other attributes for database structure that are not exposed directly here. One example of this is the "refers_to" method used to create associations between classes.
It re-exports defer and lazy from Scalar::Defer, for setting parameter fields that must be recomputed at request-time:
defer
lazy
column name => default is defer { Jifty->web->current_user->name };
See Scalar::Defer for more information about defer.
All these functions are exported. However, if you use the schema helper function, they will be unimported at the end of the block passed to schema.
schema
Takes a block with schema declarations. Unimports all helper functions after executing the code block. Usually used at BEGIN time via this idiom:
BEGIN
use Jifty::DBI::Record schema { ... };
If your application subclasses ::Record, then write this instead:
::Record
use MyApp::Record schema { ... };
DEPRECATED. This method of defining columns will not work anymore. Please use the schema {} method documented above.
schema {}
Takes two hashrefs. Merges them together and returns the merged hashref.
- Empty fields in subclasses don't override nonempty fields in superclass anymore. - Arrays don't merge; e.g. if parent class's valid_values is [1,2,3,4], and subclass's valid_values() is [1,2], they don't somehow become [1,2,3,4,1,2].
BUG: This should either be a private routine or factored out into Jifty::Util
Indicates that the column references an object or a collection of objects in another class. You may refer to either a class that inherits from Jifty::Record by a primary key in that class or to a class that inherits from Jifty::Collection.
Correct usage is references Application::Model::OtherClass by 'column_name', where Application::Model::OtherClass is a valid Jifty model, subclass of Jifty::Record, and 'column_name' is a distinct column of OtherClass. You can omit by 'column_name' and the column name 'id' will be used.
references Application::Model::OtherClass by 'column_name'
'column_name'
by 'column_name'
At this moment you must specify type of the column your self to match type of the column you refer to.
You can name a column as combination of 'name' and 'by', for example:
column user_name => references App::Model::User by 'name', type is 'varchar(64)';
Then user, user_name and respective setters will be generated. user method will return object, user_name will return actual value. Note that if you're using some magic on load for user records then to get real name of loaded record you should use $record->user->name instead.
$record->user->name
In the above case name of the column in the DB will be 'user_name'. If you don't like suffixes like '_id', '_name' and other in the DB then you can name column without suffix, for example:
column user => references App::Model::User by 'name', type is 'varchar(64)';
In this case name of the column in the DB will be 'user', accessors will be the same as in above example.
Correct usage is references Application::Model::OtherCollection by 'column_name', where Application::Model::OtherCollection is a valid Jifty model, subclass of Jifty::Collection, and 'column_name' is a column of records in OtherCollection. In this case by 'column_name' is not optional.
references Application::Model::OtherCollection by 'column_name'
Columns that refers to a collection are virtual and can be changed. So such columns in a model doesn't create real columns in the DB, but instead it's way to name collection of records that refer to this records.
Simple model with users and multiple phone records per user:
package TestApp::Model::User; use Jifty::DBI::Schema; use Jifty::DBI::Record schema { column name => type is 'varchar(18)'; ... column phones => references TestApp::Model::PhoneCollection by 'user'; }; package TestApp::Model::Phone; use Jifty::DBI::Schema; use Jifty::DBI::Record schema { column user => references TestApp::Model::User by 'id', is mandatory; column type => ...; column value => ...; };
From a user record you get his phones and do something:
my $phones = $user->phones; while ( my $phone = $phones->next ) { ... }
From a phone record you can get its owner or change it:
my $user_object = $phone->user; my $user_id = $phone->user_id; $phone->set_user( $new_owner_object ); $phone->set_user( 123 ); # using id $phone->set_user_id( 123 ); # the same, but only using id
Synonym for references.
references
Helper for references. Used to specify what column name should be used in the referenced model. See the documentation for references.
type passed to our database abstraction layer, which should resolve it to a database-specific type. Correct usage is type is 'text'.
type is 'text'
Currently type is passed directly to the database. There is no intermediary mapping from abstract type names to database specific types.
The impact of this is that not all column types are portable between databases. For example blobs have different names between mysql and postgres.
Give a default value for the column. Correct usage is default is 'foo'.
default is 'foo'
Used for default values, to connote that they should not be quoted before being supplied as the default value for the column. Correct usage is default is literal 'now()'.
default is literal 'now()'
Defines a subroutine which returns a true value only for valid values this column can have. Correct usage is validator is \&foo.
validator is \&foo
States that this column is not writable. This is useful for properties that are set at creation time but not modifiable thereafter, like 'created by'. Correct usage is is immutable.
is immutable
States that this column is not directly readable by the application using $record->column; this is useful for password columns and the like. The data is still accessible via $record->_value(''). Correct usage is is unreadable.
$record->column
$record->_value('')
is unreadable
Sets a maximum max_length to store in the database; values longer than this are truncated before being inserted into the database, using Jifty::DBI::Filter::Truncate. Note that this is in bytes, not characters. Correct usage is max_length is 42.
max_length is 42
Mark as a required column. May be used for generating user interfaces. Correct usage is is mandatory.
is mandatory
Same as "mandatory". This is deprecated. Correct usage would be is not_null.
is not_null
Mark as an autocompleted column. May be used for generating user interfaces. Correct usage is is autocompleted.
is autocompleted
Declares that a column should only have distinct values. This currently is implemented via database queries prior to updates and creates instead of constraints on the database columns themselves. This is because there is no support for distinct columns implemented in DBIx::DBSchema at this time. Correct usage is is distinct.
is distinct
Used to declare that a column references a collection, which hides it from many parts of Jifty. You probably do not want to set this manually, use references instead.
Declares that a column is not backed by an actual column in the database, but is instead computed on-the-fly using a method written by the application author. Such columns cannot (yet) be used in searching, sorting, and so on, only inspected on an individual record.
Declares an integer sort value for this column. By default, Jifty will sort columns in the order they are defined.
Alias for sort_order.
sort_order
Sets a list of input filters on the data. Correct usage is input_filters are 'Jifty::DBI::Filter::DateTime'. See Jifty::DBI::Filter.
input_filters are 'Jifty::DBI::Filter::DateTime'
Sets a list of output filters on the data. Correct usage is output_filters are 'Jifty::DBI::Filter::DateTime'. See Jifty::DBI::Filter. You usually don't need to set this, as the output filters default to the input filters in reverse order.
output_filters are 'Jifty::DBI::Filter::DateTime'
Sets a list of filters on the data. These are applied when reading and writing to the database. Correct usage is filters are 'Jifty::DBI::Filter::DateTime'. See Jifty::DBI::Filter. In actuality, this is the exact same as "input_filters", since output filters default to the input filters, reversed.
filters are 'Jifty::DBI::Filter::DateTime'
What application version this column was last changed. Correct usage is since '0.1.5'.
since '0.1.5'
The version after this column was supported. The column is not available in the version named, but would have been in the version immediately prior.
Correct usage is till '0.2.5'. This indicates that the column is not available in version 0.2.5, but was available in 0.2.4. The value specified for "since" must be less than this version.
till '0.2.5'
0.2.5
0.2.4
A list of valid values for this column. Jifty will use this to automatically construct a validator for you. This list may also be used to generate the user interface. Correct usage is valid_values are qw/foo bar baz/.
valid_values are qw/foo bar baz/
If you want to display different values than are stored in the DB you can pass a list of hashrefs, each containing two keys, display and value.
valid_values are { display => 'Blue', value => 'blue' }, { display => 'Red', value => 'red' }
Alias for valid_values.
valid_values
Designates a human-readable label for the column, for use in user interfaces. Correct usage is label is 'Your foo value'.
label is 'Your foo value'
A sentence or two to display in long-form user interfaces about what might go in this column. Correct usage is hints is 'Used by the frobnicator to do strange things'.
hints is 'Used by the frobnicator to do strange things'
The displayed length of form fields. Though you may be able to fit 500 characters in the field, you would not want to display an HTML form with a size 500 input box.
Used in user interface generation to know how to render the column.
The values for this attribute are the same as the names of the modules under Jifty::Web::Form::Field, i.e.
Button
Checkbox
Combobox
Date
Hidden
InlineButton
Password
Radio
Select
Textarea
Upload
Unrendered
You may also use the same names with the initial character in lowercase.
The "Unrendered" may seem counter-intuitive, but is there to allow for internal fields that should not actually be displayed.
If these don't meet your needs, you can write your own subclass of Jifty::Web::Form::Field. See the documentation for that module.
Alias for render_as.
render_as
An index will be built on this column Correct usage is is indexed
is indexed
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.
To install Jifty::DBI, copy and paste the appropriate command in to your terminal.
cpanm
cpanm Jifty::DBI
CPAN shell
perl -MCPAN -e shell install Jifty::DBI
For more information on module installation, please visit the detailed CPAN module installation guide.