Net::DNS::ToolKit::RR::Template - template for resource records
This file is a template from which to create new resource record manipulation methods. While these modules may be loaded directly for testing, they are intended to be loaded by the class loader Net::DNS::ToolKit::RR. The SYNOPSIS section of specific RR documentation should begin with the caveat:
edit this text to conform to your RR method
DO NOT use Net::DNS::ToolKit::RR::XYZ DO NOT require Net::DNS::ToolKit::RR::XYZ Net::DNS::ToolKit::RR::XYZ is autoloaded by class Net::DNS::ToolKit::RR and its methods are instantiated in a 'special' manner. use Net::DNS::ToolKit::RR; ($get,$put,$parse) = new Net::DNS::ToolKit::RR; ($newoff,$name,$type,$class,$ttl,$rdlength, $rdata,...) = $get->XYZ(\$buffer,$offset); Note: the $get->XYZ method is normally called via: @stuff = $get->next(\$buffer,$offset); ($newoff,@dnptrs)=$put->XYZ(\$buffer,$offset,\@dnptrs, $name,$type,$class,$ttl,$rdata,...); $NAME,$TYPE,$CLASS,$TTL,$rdlength,$RDATA) = $parse->XYZ($name,$type,$class,$ttl,$rdlength, $rdata,...);
Net::DNS::ToolKit::RR:XYZ appends an XYZ resource record to a DNS packet under construction, recovers an XYZ resource record from a packet being decoded, and converts the numeric/binary portions of the resource record to human readable form.
Description from RFC1035.txt or other specification document.
See: Net::DNS::ToolKit::RR::A and Net::DNS::ToolKit::RR::SOA for examples.
Each RR module contains three methods which provide the RR specific content manipulation. The data common to all resource modules is handled from within the class loader prior to handing the request over the the specific resource record method. Because of this, the DESCRIPTION of the method action is somewhat misleading. As an example, lets dissect the 'parse' method:
$NAME,$TYPE,$CLASS,$TTL,$rdlength,$RDATA,...) = $parse->XYZ($name,$type,$class,$ttl,$rdlength, $rdata,...);
The common elements for all resource records are:
$name,$type,$class,$ttl,$rdlength
These are handled by the class loader and the local method actually only receives a request to provide the '$rdata' portion. While the description of the method as called from the user program is as above, the implementation looks like this for and 'A' resource record. The $rdata is handled as follows:
$IPaddr = $classloader->A($netaddr); sub parse { shift; # $self inet_ntoa($netaddr); }
As you can see, all that is passed to the 'parse' method is the $rdata portion of the request. 'parse' returns the ascii 'dotquad' IP address.
The actual DESCRIPTION from Net::DNS::ToolKit::RR::A follows with annotation about the CODE and what is passed to all resource methods from the class loader.
The rest of this Template example is taken DIRECTLY from Net::DNS::ToolKit::RR::A, with comments added for clarity and to show the CODE.
@stuff = $get->A(\$buffer,$offset);
Get the contents of the resource record. USE: @stuff = $get->next(\$buffer,$offset); where: @stuff = ( $newoff $name,$type,$class,$ttl,$rdlength, $netaddr );
All except the last item, $netaddr, is provided by the class loader, Net::DNS::ToolKit::RR. The code in this method knows how to retrieve $netaddr.
input: pointer to buffer, offset into buffer returns: offset to next resource, @common RR elements, packed IPv4 address in network order NOTE: convert IPv4 address to dot quad text using Net::DNS::ToolKit::inet_ntoa ------------------------------------------ The get function is passed a pointer to the buffer and an offset within the buffer to RDATA. It is expected to return the RDATA in the appropriate format as provided in the relevant RFC.
The call to 'get' from the class loader looks like this:
$netaddr = $classloader->get(\$buffer,$offset);
Implementation for A RR's:
sub get { my($self,$bp,$offset) = @_; $offset += INT16SZ; # don't need rdlength my($netaddr,$newoff) = getIPv4($bp,$offset); return ($newoff,$netaddr); }
($newoff,@dnptrs)=$put->A(\$buffer,$offset,\@dnptrs, $name,$type,$class,$ttl,$netaddr);
Append an A record to $buffer.
where @common = ( $name,$type,$class,$ttl);
The method will insert the $rdlength and $netaddr, then pass through the updated pointer to the array of compressed names
The class loader, Net::DNS::ToolKit::RR, inserts the @common elements and returns updated @dnptrs. This module knows how to insert its RDATA and calculate the $rdlength.
input: pointer to buffer, offset (normally end of buffer), pointer to compressed name array, @common RR elements, packed IPv4 address in network order output: offset to next RR, new compressed name pointer array, or empty list () on error. ------------------------------------------
The put function is passed a pointer to the buffer an offset into the buffer (normally the end of buffer) and a pointer to an array of previously compressed names. It is expected to append the correct RDLENGTH and RDATA to the buffer and return an offset to the next RR (usually the end of buffer) as well as a new array of compressed names or the one to which it has a pointer if there are no names added to the buffer by this RR record method.
The call passed to 'put' by the class loader looks like this:
$newoff = $classloader->put(\$buffer,$offset,\@dnptrs,@rdata);
sub put { return () unless @_; # always return on error my($self,$bp,$off,$dnp,$netaddr) = @_; return () unless ($off = put16($bp,$off,NS_INADDRSZ)); return(putIPv4($bp,$off,$netaddr), @$dnp); }
Implementation for NS RR's: This method calculates $rdlength
sub put { return () unless @_; # always return on error my($self,$bp,$off,$dnp,$nsdname) = @_; my $rdlp = $off; # save pointer to rdlength return () unless # check for valid offset and get ($off = put16($bp,$off,0)) && # offset to name space (@_ = dn_comp($bp,$off,\$nsdname,$dnp)); # new offset is first item in @_ # rdlength = new offset - previous offset put16($bp,$rdlp, $_[0] - $off); return @_; }
(@COMMON,$IPaddr) = $parse->A(@common,$netaddr);
Converts binary/numeric field data into human readable form. The common RR elements are supplied by the class loader, Net::DNS::ToolKit::RR. This module knows how to parse its RDATA.
EXAMPLE Common is: name,$type,$class,$ttl,$rdlength name '.' is appended type numeric to text class numeric to text ttl numeric to text rdlength is a number rdata RR specific conversion
Resource Record A returns $rdata containing a packed IPv4 network address. The parse operation would be:
input:
name foo.bar.com type 1 class 1 ttl 123 rdlength 4 rdata a packed IPv4 address
output:
name foo.bar.com type T_A class C_IN ttl 2m 3s rdlength 4 rdata 192.168.20.40 ------------------------------------------ The parse function is passed the RDATA for its type. It expected to convert the RDATA into human readable form and return it. $IPaddress = $classloader->parse($netaddr);
sub parse { shift; # $self inet_ntoa(shift); }
NOTE: while the A record does not return domain records, it is important that developers remember to append a '.' to domain names which are text formatted. i.e. foo.bar.com becomes foo.bar.com. when text formatted to conform the record format for DNS files.
The code in this module (for an 'A' resource record) without the comments is pretty compact and looks like this:
package Net::DNS::ToolKit::RR::A; use strict; use Carp; # The functions needed for 'A' records # are 'put16', 'getIPv4', putIPv4, inet_aton, # and inet_ntoa. Other RR types will need # different and/or additional functions. use Net::DNS::ToolKit qw( put16 getIPv4 putIPv4 inet_aton inet_ntoa ); use Net::DNS::Codes qw(:constants); use vars qw($VERSION); require Socket; $VERSION = do { my @r = (q$Revision: 0.01 $ =~ /\d+/g); sprintf "%d."."%02d" x $#r, @r }; =head1 NAME B<Net::DNS::ToolKit::RR::A> =head1 SYNOPSIS (removed for brevity) =head1 DESCRIPTION (removed for brevity) =over 4 =item * @stuff = $get->A(\$buffer,$offset); (removed for brevity) =cut sub get { my($self,$bp,$offset) = @_; $offset += INT16SZ; # don't need rdlength my($netaddr,$newoff) = getIPv4($bp,$offset); return ($newoff,$netaddr); } =item * ($newoff,@dnptrs)=$put->A(\$buffer,$offset,\@dnptrs, @common, $rdlength,$netaddr); (removed for brevity) sub put { return () unless @_; # always return on error my($self,$bp,$off,$dnp,$netaddr) = @_; return () unless ($off = put16($bp,$off,NS_INADDRSZ)); return(putIPv4($bp,$off,$netaddr), @$dnp); } =cut =item * (@COMMON,$IPaddr)=$parse->A(@common,$netaddr); (removed for brevity) =cut sub parse { shift; # $self inet_ntoa(shift); }
See: t/Template.t in this distribution.
See: t/NS.t in the Net::DNS::Toolkit distribution for an example of a test routine that is more complex as well as embedded debugging routines which are commented out.
And.... what follows...
Net::DNS::ToolKit Net::DNS::Codes any others you require for your new RR extension
none
Your Name <your@emailaddy.com>
Portions copyright 2003, Michael Robinton <michael@bizsystems.com>
Copyright 20xx, Your Name <your@emailaddy.com>
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
Net::DNS::Codes(3), Net::DNS::ToolKit(3), Net::DNS::ToolKit::RR::A(3)
To install Net::DNS::ToolKit, copy and paste the appropriate command in to your terminal.
cpanm
cpanm Net::DNS::ToolKit
CPAN shell
perl -MCPAN -e shell install Net::DNS::ToolKit
For more information on module installation, please visit the detailed CPAN module installation guide.