mp3info2 - get/set MP3 tags; uses MP3::Tag to get default values.
# Print the information in tags and autodeduced info mp3info2 *.mp3 # In addition, set the year field to 1981 mp3info2 -y 1981 *.mp3 # Same without printout of info, recursively in the current directory mp3info2 -R -p "" -y 1981 . # Do not deduce any field, print (normalized) info from the tags only mp3info2 -C autoinfo=ID3v2,ID3v1 *.mp3 # As above, but without normalization/autofill, the raw information in tags mp3info2 -N *.mp3 # Get artist from CDDB_File, autodeduce other info, write it to tags mp3info2 -C artist=CDDB_File -u *.mp3 # For title, prefer information from .inf file; autodeduce rest, update mp3info2 -C title=Inf,ID3v2,ID3v1,filename -u *.mp3 # Same, and get the author from CDDB file mp3info2 -C "#title=Inf,ID3v2,ID3v1,filename#artist=CDDB_File" -u *.mp3 # Write a script for conversion of .wav to .mp3, autodeducing tags mp3info2 -p "lame -h --vbr-new --tt '%t' --tn %n --ta '%a' --tc '%c' --tl '%l' --ty '%y' '%f'\n" *.wav >xxx.sh
The program prints a message summarizing tag info (obtained via MP3::Tag module) for specified files.
It may also update the information in MP3 tags. This happens in three different cases.
t a l y g c n differs from the content of the corresponding ID3 tags (or there is no corresponding ID3 tags).-d or -F were given.MP3::Tag obtains the info from other means than MP3 tags, and -u forces the update of the ID3 tags.(All ways are disabled by -D option.) ID3v2 tag is written if needed. (Automatic fill-in of deduceable fields (via the method id3v2_frames_autofill()) is performed unless -d option is given.)
The option -u writes (updates) the fetched information to the MP3 ID3 tags. This option is assumed if tag elements are set via command-line options. (Effects of this option may be overridden by -D option.) If -2 option is also given, forces write of ID3v2 tag even if the info fits the ID3v1 tag (in addition, this option enables auto-update of "personal name" fields, and corresponding titles according to values of translate_person, person_frames etc. configuration settings; see "Normalization of fields").
The option -p prints a message using the next argument as format (by default \\, \t, \n are replaced by backslash, tab and newline; governed by the value of -E option); see "interpolate" in MP3::Tag for details of the format of sprintf()-like escapes. If no option -p is given, message in default format will be emitted. The value of option -e is the encoding used for the output; if the value is 1, system-specific encoding is guessed; if the value is 2 or 3, then, command line arguments are assumed to be in the guessed encoding; for value 2 the encoding of -p output is not set; use the value binary to do binary output.
With option -D (dry run) no update is performed, no matter what the other options are. With this option, no parsing of tags is performed unless needed.
Use options
t a l y g c n
to overwrite the information (title artist album year genre comment track-number) obtained via MP3::Tag heuristics (-u switch is implied if any one of these arguments differs from what would be found otherwise; use -D switch to disable auto-update). By default, the values of these options are not %-interpolated; this may be changed by -E option.
The option -d should contain the comma-separated list of ID3v2 frames to delete. A frame specification is the same as what might be given to "%{...}" frame interpolation command, e.g., TIT3, COMM03, COMM(fra)[short title]. In addition, if the list contains ID3v1 or ID3v2, whole tags will be deleted.
Likewise, the option -F allows setting of arbitrary ID3v2 frames: if one needs to set one frame, use the directive FRAME_spec=VALUE:
-F TIT2=The_new_Title
If one needs to set more than one frame, separate the directives with arbitrary non-alphanumeric character repeated 3 times, and add the same character at the start:
-F "~TIT2=The new Title~~~TXXX[TIT2-prev]=The old title"
By default, the values are %-interpolated; this can be changed by option -E. For user convenience, human-friendlier forms composer, text_by, orchestra, conductor can be used instead of TCOM, TEXT, TPE2, TPE3.
The option -P is a very powerful generalization of what can be done by options -F, -d, and -t -a -l -y -g -c -n. The value should contain the parse recipes. They become the configuration item parse_data of MP3::Tag; eventually this information is processed by MP3::Tag::ParseData module (if the latter is present in the chain of heuristics; see option -C). The option is split into [$flag, $string, @patterns] on its first non-alphanumeric character; if multiple options are needed, one should separate them by this character repeated 3 times. (See examples: EXAMPLES.)
If option -G is specified, the file names on the command line are considered as glob patterns. This may be useful if the maximal command-line length is too low. With the option -R arguments can be directories, which are searched recursively for audio (default *.mp3) files to process; use option -r to reset the regular expression to look for (the default is (?:\.mp3$)).
The option -E controls expansion of escape characters. It should contain the letters of the command-line options where \\, \n, \t are interpolated; one can append the letters of t a l y g c n F options requiring %-interpolation after the separator /i: (for -F, only the values are interpolated). The default value is p/i:Fp: only -p is \-interpolated, and only -F and -p are subject to %-interpolation. If all one wants is to add to the defaults, preceed the value of -E (containing added options) by "+".
If the option -@ is given, all characters @ in the options are replaced by %. This may be convenient if the shell treats % specially (e.g., DOSISH shells).
If option -I is given, no guessworking for artist field is performed on typeout.
The option -C sets MP3::Tag configuration data (separated by commas; the first comma can be replaced by = sign) as MP3::Tag-config()> would do. (To call config() multiple times, separate the parts by arbitrary non-alphanumeric character, and repeat this character in the start of -C option.) Note that since ParseData is used to inject the user-specified tag fields (such as -a "A. U. Thor"), usually it should be kept in the autoinfo configuration (and related fields author etc).
If the option -x is given, the technical information about the audio file is printed (MP3 level, duration, number of frames, padding, copyright, and the list of ID3v2 frame names in format suitablet to %{...} escapes).
If option -N is given, all the "smarts" are disabled - no normalization of fields happens, and no attempt to deduce the values of fields from non-ID3 information is done. This option is (currently) equivalent to -C autoinfo=ParseData,ID3v2,ID3v1, and to having no Music_Normalize_Fields.pm present on @INC path, and not calling autofill() method.
If a module Music_Normalize_Fields is available (and the option -N is not given), it is loaded, and MP3::Tag is instructed (via corresponding configuration settings) to use normalize_artist (etc.) methods defined by this module. These methods may normalize certain tag data. The version shipped (see the examples directory of the module distribution) defines methods for "normalization" of personal names, and titles (based on the composer). This normalization is driven through user-editable configuration tables.
In addition to automatical normalization of MP3 tag data, one can use "fake MP3 files" to manually access some features of this module. For this, use an empty file name, and -D option. E.g,
mp3info2 -D -a beethoven -p "%a\n" ""
mp3info2 -D -a beethoven -p "%{shP[%a]}\n" ""
mp3info2 -D -a beethoven -t "sonata #28" -p "%t\n" ""
mp3info2 -D -a beethoven -t "allegretto, Bes" -@p "@t\n" ""
mp3info2 -D -a beethoven -t "op93" -@p "@t\n" ""
will print the normalized person-name for beethoven, the corresponding normalized short person-name, and the normalized title for sonata #28 of composer beethoven. E.g., with the shipped normalization tables, it will print
Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827) L. van Beethoven Piano Sonata No. 28 in A major; Op. 101 (1816) Allegretto for Piano Trio in B flat major; WoO 39 (1812) Symphony No. 8 in F major; Op. 93 (comp. 1812, f.p. Vienna, 1814-02-27, cond. Beethoven; pubd. 1816)
Only the -P option is complicated enough to deserve comments...
For a (silly) example, one can replace -a Homer -t Iliad by
-P mz=Homer=%a===mz=Iliad=%t
A less silly example is forcing a particular way of parsing a file name via
-P "im=%{d0}/%f=%a/%n %t.%e"
It is broken into
flags string pattern1
"im" "%{d0}/%f" "%a/%n %t.%e"
The flag letters stand for interpolate, must_match. This interpolates the string "%{d0}/%f" and parses the result (which is the file name with one level of the directory part preserved) using the given pattern; thus the directory name becomes the artist, the leading numeric part - the track number, and the rest of the file name (without extension) - the title. Note that since multiple patterns are allowed, one can similarly allow for multiple formats of the names, e.g.
-P "im=%{d0}/%f=%a/%n %t.%e=%a/%t (%y).%e"
allows for the file basename to be also of the form "TITLE (YEAR)". An alternative way to obtain the same results is
-P "im=%{d0}=%a===im=%f=%n %t.%e=%t (%y).%e"
which corresponds to two recipies:
flags string pattern1 pattern2
"im" "%{d0}" "%a"
"im" "%f" "%n %t.%e" "%t (%y).%e"
Of course, one could use
"im" "%B" "%n %t" "%t (%y)"
as a replacement for the second one.
Note that it may be more readable to set artist to %{d0} by an explicit asignment, with arguments similar to
-E "p/i:Fpa" -a "%{d0}"
(this value of -E requests %-interpolation of the option -a in addition to the default \-interpolation of -p, and %-interpolation of -F and -p; one can shortcut it with -E +a).
To give more examples,
-P "if=%D/.comment=%c"
will read comment from the file .comment in the directory of the audio file;
-P "ifn=%D/.comment=%c"
has similar effect if the file .comment has one-line comments, one per track (this assumes the the track number can be found by other means).
Suppose that a file Parts in a directory of MP3 files has the following format: it has a preamble, then has a short paragraph of information per audio file, preceeded by the track number and dot:
... 12. Rezitativ. (Pizarro, Rocco) 13. Duett: jetzt, Alter, jetzt hat es Eile, (Pizarro, Rocco) ...
The following command puts this info into the title of the ID3 tag (provided the audio file names are informative enough so that MP3::Tag can deduce the track number):
mp3info2 -u -C parse_split='\n(?=\d+\.)' -P 'fl;Parts;%=n. %t'
If this paragraph of information has the form TITLE (COMMENT) with the COMMENT part being optional, then use
mp3info2 -u -C parse_split='\n(?=\d+\.)' -P 'fl;Parts;%=n. %t (%c);%=n. %t'
If you want to remove a dot or a comma got into the end of the title, use
mp3info2 -u -C parse_split='\n(?=\d+\.)' \ -P 'fl;Parts;%=n. %t (%c);%=n. %t;;;iR;%t;%t[.,]$'
The second pattern of this invocation is converted to
['iR', '%t' => '%t[.,]$']
which essentially applies the substitution s/(.*)[.,]$/$1/s to the title.
Now suppose that in addition to Parts, we have a text file Comment with additional info; we want to put this info into the comment field after what is extracted from TITLE (COMMENT); separate these two parts of the comment by an empty line:
mp3info2 -E C -C '#parse_split=\n(?=\d+\.)#parse_join=\n\n' \ -P 'f;Comment;%c;;;fl;Parts;%=n. %t;;;i;%t///%c;%t (%c)///%c;;;iR;%t;%t[.,]$'
This assumes that the title and the comment do not contain '///' as a substring. Explanation: the first pattern of -P,
['f', 'Comment' => '%c'],
reads comment from the file Comment into the comment field; the second,
['fl', 'Parts' => '%=n. %t'],
reads a chunk of Parts into the title field. The third one
['i', '%t///%c' => '%t (%c)///%c']
rearranges the title and comment provided the title is of the form TITLE (COMMENT). (The configuration option parse_join takes care of separating two chunks of comment corresponding to two occurences of %c on the right hand side.)
Finally, the fourth pattern is the same as in the preceeding example; it removes spurious punctuation at the end of the title.
More examples: removing string "with violin" from the start of the comment field (removing comment altogether if nothing remains):
mp3info2 -u -P 'iz;%c;with violin%c' *.mp3
setting the artist field without letting auto-update feature deduce other fields from other sources;
mp3info2 -C autoinfo=ParseData -a "A. U. Thor" *.mp3
setting a comment field unless it it already present:
mp3info2 -u -P 'i;%c///with piano;///%c' *.mp3
The last example shows how to actually write "programs" in the language of the -P option: the example gives a conditional assignment. With user variables (as in %{U8}) for temporaries, and a possibility to use regular expressions, one could provide arbitrary programmatic logic. Of course, at some level of complexity one should better switch to direct interfacing with MP3::Tag Perl module (use the code of this Perl script as an example!).
Here is a typical task setting "advanced" id3v2 frames: composer (TCOM), orchestra (TPE2), conductor (TPE3). We assume a directory tree which contains MP3 files tagged with the following conventions: artist is actually a composer; comment is of one of two forms:
Performers; Orchestra; Conductor Orchestra; Conductor
To set the specific MP3 frames via -P rules, use
mp3info2 -@P "mi/@a/@{TCOM}///mi/@c/@{U1}; @{TPE2}; @{TPE3}/@{TPE2}; @{TPE3}" -R .
With -F options, this can be simplified as
mp3info2 -@F "TCOM=@a" -P "mi/@c/@{U1}; @{TPE2}; @{TPE3}/@{TPE2}; @{TPE3}" -R .
or
mp3info2 -@F "composer=@a" -P "mi/@c/@{U1}; @{TPE2}; @{TPE3}/@{TPE2}; @{TPE3}" -R .
To copy ID3 tags of MP3 files in the current directory to files in directory /tmp/mp3 with the extension .tag (and print "progress report"), use
mp3info2 -p "@N@E\n" -@P "bODi,@{ID3v2}@{ID3v1},/tmp/mp3/@N.tag" -DNR .
Since we did not use z flag, MP3 files without tags are skipped.
Now suppose that there are two parallel file hierarchies of audio files, and of lyrics: audio files are in audio/dir_name/audio_name.mp3 with corresponding lyrics file in text/dir_name/audio_name.mp3. To attach lyrics to MP3 files (in COMM frame with description lyrics in language eng), call
mp3info2 -@P "fim;../text/@{d0}/@B.txt;@{COMM(eng)[lyrics]}" -Ru .
inside the directory audio. (Change fim to Ffim to ignore the audio files for which the corresponding text file does not exist.) (Of course, to follow the specifications, one should have used the field "%{USLT(eng)[]}" instead of "%{COMM(eng)[lyrics]}"). With -F option, one could set the USLT frame as
mp3info2 -@F "USLT(eng)[]=@{I(fim)../text/@{d0}/@B.txt}" -Ru .
Print out such a frame (in any language) with
mp3info2 -@p "@{USLT[]}\n" file.mp3
Similarly, to print out the APIC frame with empty description, use
mp3info2 -e binary -@p "@{APIC[]}" file.mp3 > output_picture_file
or
mp3info2 -@P "bOi,@{APIC[cover]},output_picture_file.jpg" audio_07.mp3
To set such a frame from file xxx.gif (with the default Picture Type, "Cover (front)"), do
mp3info2 -@F "APIC[]=@{I(fimb)xxx.gif}" file.mp3
To remove APIC frames with empty descriptions, arbitrary Picture Types (and MIME types which may be correctly calculated by mp3info2, e.g., TIFF/JPEG/GIF/PNG), use
mp3info2 -d "APIC[]" file.mp3
(note that this wouldn't free disk space, unless "shrink" is forced by configuration variables). To do the same with the "Conductor" picture type only, do
mp3info2 -d "APIC(Conductor)[]" file.mp3
The following example converts ID3v2 tags which were written in (non-standard-conforming) encoding cp1251 to standard-conforming encoding, assuming that ID3v1 tags are in the same encoding (and leaving them in the encoding cp1251); the files to process are found in the current directory and (recursively) in its subdirectories (syntax for DOSISH shells):
set MP3TAG_DECODE_V1_DEFAULT=cp1251 set MP3TAG_DECODE_V2_DEFAULT=cp1251 mp3info2 -C id3v2_fix_encoding_on_write=1 -u2R .
Finish by a very simple example: all what the pattern
-P 'i;%t;%t'
does is removal of trailing and leading blanks from the title (which is deduced by other means).
This tool is loosely modeled on the program mp3info; it is "mostly" backward compatible (especially when in "naive" mode via -N), and allows a very significant superset of functionality. Known backward incompatibilities are:
-G -h -r -d -x
Missing functionality:
-f -F -i
Incompatible %-escapes:
%e %E - absolutely different semantic %v - has no trailing 0s %q - has fractional part %r - is a number, not a word "Variable" for VBR %u - is one less (in presence of descriptor frame only?)
Missing %-escapes:
%b %G
Backslash escapes: only \\, \n, \t supported.
-x prints data in a different format, not all fields are present, and ID3v2 tag names are output.
With -e 1, 2 or 3, this script may consult environment variables LC_CTYPE, LC_ALL, LANG to deduce the current encoding. No other environment variables are directly read by this script.
Note however, that MP3::Tag module has a rich set of defaults for encoding settings settable by environment variables; see "ENVIRONMENT" in MP3::Tag. So these variables affect (indirectly) how this script works.
Ilya Zakharevich <cpan@ilyaz.org>.
Good CD reapers (e.g., cdda2wav with option cddb=0) create a CDDB file with fetched information - as far as Internet connection is present. However, if not available, other options exist.
The scripts (supplied with the distribution in ./examples) can create a "stub" CDDB file basing on: fulltoc2fake_cddb.pl, inf2fake_cddb.pl, and dir_mp3_2fake_cddb.pl
a dump of a full TOC of a CD; create one, e.g., by
readcd -fulltoc dev=0,1,0 -f=audiocd
directory of *.inf files (e.g., created by cdda2wav without Internet connection);
a directory of MP3 files ripped from a CD (via some guesswork).
Passing this stub to the script cddb2cddb.pl, it can be transformed to a "filled" CDDB file via a connection to some online database. Use -r option if multiple records in the database match the CD signature.
fulltoc2fake_cddb audiocd.toc | cddb2cddb > audio.cddb inf_2fake_cddb | cddb2cddb > audio.cddb dir_mp3_2fake_cddb | cddb2cddb -r3 > audio.cddb # 3rd record
When such a CDDB file is present, it will be used by MP3::Tag module to deduce the information about an audio file. This information is (by default, transparently) used by this script.
MP3::Tag, MP3::Tag::ParseData, audio_rename, typeset_audio_dir
