Term::GnuplotTerminals - documentation of gnuplot output devices
gnuplot
The aed512 and aed767 terminal drivers support AED graphics terminals. The two drivers differ only in their horizontal ranges, which are 512 and 768 pixels, respectively. Their vertical range is 575 pixels. There are no options for these drivers.
aed512
aed767
Several options may be set in aifm---the Adobe Illustrator 3.0+ driver.
aifm
Syntax:
set terminal aifm {<color>} {"<fontname>"} {<fontsize>}
<color> is either color or monochrome; "<fontname>" is the name of a valid PostScript font; <fontsize> is the size of the font in PostScript points, before scaling by the set size command. Selecting default sets all options to their default values: monochrome, "Helvetica", and 14pt.
color
monochrome
set size
default
Since AI does not really support multiple pages, multiple graphs will be drawn directly on top of one another. However, each graph will be grouped individually, making it easy to separate them inside AI (just pick them up and move them).
Examples:
set term aifm set term aifm 22 set size 0.7,1.4; set term aifm color "Times-Roman" 14
The amiga terminal, for Commodore Amiga computers, allows the user to plot either to a screen (default), or, if Kickstart 3.0 or higher is installed, to a window on the current public screen. The font and its size can also be selected.
amiga
set terminal amiga {screen | window} {"<fontname>"} {<fontsize>}
The default font is 8-point "topaz".
The screen option uses a virtual screen, so it is possible that the graph will be larger than the screen.
The apollo terminal driver supports the Apollo Graphics Primitive Resource with rescaling after window resizing. It has no options.
apollo
If a fixed-size window is desired, the gpr terminal may be used instead.
gpr
The atari terminal has options to set the character size and the screen colors.
atari
set terminal atari {<fontsize>} {<col0> <col1> ... <col15.}
The character size must appear if any colors are to be specified. Each of the (up to 16) colors is given as a three-digit hex number, where the digits represent RED, GREEN and BLUE (in that order). The range of 0--15 is scaled to whatever color range the screen actually has. On a normal ST screen, odd and even intensities are the same.
set terminal atari 4 # use small (6x6) font set terminal atari 6 0 # set monochrome screen to white on black set terminal atari 13 0 fff f00 f0 f ff f0f # set first seven colors to black, white, green, blue, # cyan, purple, and yellow and use large font (8x16).
Additionally, if an environment variable GNUCOLORS exists, its contents are interpreted as an options string, but an explicit terminal option takes precedence.
The vdi terminal is the same as the atari terminal, except that it sends output to the screen via the VDI and not into AES-Windows.
vdi
The vdi terminal has options to set the character size and the screen colors.
set terminal vdi {<fontsize>} {<col0> <col1> ... <col15.}
set terminal vdi 4 # use small (6x6) font set terminal vdi 6 0 # set monochrome screen to white on black set terminal vdi 13 0 fff f00 f0 f ff f0f # set first seven colors to black, white, green, blue, # cyan, purple, and yellow and use large font (8x16).
The cgi and hcgi terminal drivers support SCO CGI drivers. hcgi is for printers; the environment variable CGIPRNT must be set. cgi may be used for either a display or hardcopy; if the environment variable CGIDISP is set, then that display is used. Otherwise CGIPRNT is used.
cgi
hcgi
These terminals have no options.
The cgm terminal generates a Computer Graphics Metafile. This file format is a subset of the ANSI X3.122-1986 standard entitled "Computer Graphics - Metafile for the Storage and Transfer of Picture Description Information". Several options may be set in cgm.
cgm
set terminal cgm {<mode>} {<color>} {<rotation>} {solid | dashed} {width <plot_width>} {linewidth <line_width>} {"<font>"} {<fontsize>}
where <mode> is landscape, portrait, or default; <color> is either color or monochrome; <rotation> is either rotate or norotate; solid draws all curves with solid lines, overriding any dashed patterns; <plot_width> is the width of the page in points; <line_width> is the line width in points; <font> is the name of a font; and <fontsize> is the size of the font in points.
landscape
portrait
rotate
norotate
solid
<fontsize
By default, cgm uses rotated text for the Y axis label.
The first six options can be in any order. Selecting default sets all options to their default values.
set terminal cgm landscape color rotate dashed width 432 \ linewidth 1 'Arial Bold' 12 # defaults set terminal cgm 14 linewidth 2 14 # wider lines & larger font set terminal cgm portrait 'Times Roman Italic' 12 set terminal cgm color solid # no pesky dashes!
The first part of a Computer Graphics Metafile, the metafile description, includes a font table. In the picture body, a font is designated by an index into this table. By default, this terminal generates a table with the following fonts:
Arial Arial Italic Arial Bold Arial Bold Italic Times Roman Times Roman Italic Times Roman Bold Times Roman Bold Italic Helvetica Roman
Case is not distinct, but the modifiers must appear in the above order (that is, not 'Arial Italic Bold'). 'Arial Bold' is the default font.
You may also specify a font name which does not appear in the default font table. In that case, a new font table is constructed with the specified font as its only entry. You must ensure that the spelling, capitalization, and spacing of the name are appropriate for the application that will read the CGM file.
Fonts are scaled assuming the page is 6 inches wide. If the size command is used to change the aspect ratio of the page or the CGM file is converted to a different width (e.g. it is imported into a document in which the margins are not 6 inches apart), the resulting font sizes will be different. To change the assumed width, use the width option.
size
width
The linewidth option sets the width of lines in pt. The default width is 1 pt. Scaling is affected by the actual width of the page, as discussed under the fontsize and width options
linewidth
fontsize
The norotate option may be used to disable text rotation. For example, the CGM input filter for Word for Windows 6.0c can accept rotated text, but the DRAW editor within Word cannot. If you edit a graph (for example, to label a curve), all rotated text is restored to horizontal. The Y axis label will then extend beyond the clip boundary. With norotate, the Y axis label starts in a less attractive location, but the page can be edited without damage. The rotate option confirms the default behavior.
The solid option may be used to disable dashed line styles in the plots. This is useful when color is enabled and the dashing of the lines detracts from the appearance of the plot. The dashed option confirms the default behavior, which gives a different dash pattern to each curve.
dashed
Default size of a CGM page is 32599 units wide and 23457 units high for landscape, or 23457 units wide by 32599 units high for portrait.
All distances in the CGM file are in abstract units. The application that reads the file determines the size of the final page. By default, the width of the final page is assumed to be 6 inches (15.24 cm). This distance is used to calculate the correct font size, and may be changed with the width option. The keyword should be followed by the width in points. (Here, a point is 1/72 inch, as in PostScript. This unit is known as a "big point" in TeX.) gnuplot arithmetic can be used to convert from other units, as follows:
set terminal cgm width 432 # default set terminal cgm width 6*72 # same as above set terminal cgm width 10/2.54*72 # 10 cm wide
The default font table was chosen to match, where possible, the default font assignments made by the Computer Graphics Metafile input filter for Microsoft Word 6.0c, although the filter makes available only 'Arial' and 'Times Roman' fonts and their bold and/or italic variants. Other fonts such as 'Helvetica' and 'Roman' are not available. If the CGM file includes a font table, the filter mostly ignores it. However, it changes certain font assignments so that they disagree with the table. As a workaround, the winword6 option deletes the font table from the CGM file. In this case, the filter makes predictable font assignments. 'Arial Bold' is correctly assigned even with the font table present, which is one reason it was chosen as the default.
winword6
winword6 disables the color tables for a similar reason---with the color table included, Microsoft Word displays black for color 7.
Linewidths and pointsizes may be changed with set linestyle.
set linestyle
The corel terminal driver supports CorelDraw.
corel
set terminal corel { default | {monochrome | color {<fontname> {"<fontsize>" {<xsize> <ysize> {<linewidth> }}}}}
where the fontsize and linewidth are specified in points and the sizes in inches. The defaults are monochrome, "SwitzerlandLight", 22, 8.2, 10 and 1.2.
This terminal is provided to allow for the debugging of gnuplot. It is likely to be of use only for users who are modifying the source code.
The svga terminal driver supports PCs with SVGA graphics. It can only be be used if it is compiled with DJGPP. Its only option is the font.
svga
set terminal svga {"<fontname>"}
The dumb terminal driver has an optional size specification and trailing linefeed control.
dumb
set terminal dumb {[no]feed} {<xsize> <ysize>}
where <xsize> and <ysize> set the size of the dumb terminals. Default is 79 by 24. The last newline is printed only if feed is enabled.
feed
set term dumb nofeed set term dumb 79 49 # VGA screen---why would anyone do that?
The dxf terminal driver creates pictures that can be imported into AutoCad (Release 10.x). It has no options of its own, but some features of its plots may be modified by other means. The default size is 120x80 AutoCad units, which can be changed by set size. dxf uses seven colors (white, red, yellow, green, cyan, blue and magenta), which can be changed only by modifying the source file. If a black-and-white plotting device is used, the colors are mapped to differing line thicknesses. See the description of the AutoCad print/plot command.
dxf
This terminal driver supports the Roland DXY800A plotter. It has no options.
The eepic terminal driver supports the extended LaTeX picture environment. It is an alternative to the latex driver.
eepic
latex
The output of this terminal is intended for use with the "eepic.sty" macro package for LaTeX. To use it, you need "eepic.sty", "epic.sty" and a printer driver that supports the "tpic" \specials. If your printer driver doesn't support those \specials, "eepicemu.sty" will enable you to use some of them.
Although dotted and dashed lines are possible with eepic and are tempting, they do not work well for high-sample-rate curves, fusing the dashes all together into a solid line. For now, the eepic driver creates only solid lines. There is another gnuplot driver (tpic) that supports dashed lines, but it cannot be used if your DVI driver doesn't support "tpic" \specials.
tpic
All drivers for LaTeX offer a special way of controlling text positioning: If any text string begins with '{', you also need to include a '}' at the end of the text, and the whole text will be centered both horizontally and vertically by LaTeX. --- If the text string begins with '[', you need to continue it with: a position specification (up to two out of t,b,l,r), ']{', the text itself, and finally, '}'. The text itself may be anything LaTeX can typeset as an LR-box. \rule{}{}'s may help for best positioning.
The eepic terminal has no options.
Examples: About label positioning: Use gnuplot defaults (mostly sensible, but sometimes not really best):
set title '\LaTeX\ -- $ \gamma $'
Force centering both horizontally and vertically:
set label '{\LaTeX\ -- $ \gamma $}' at 0,0
Specify own positioning (top here):
set xlabel '[t]{\LaTeX\ -- $ \gamma $}'
The other label -- account for long ticlabels:
set ylabel '[r]{\LaTeX\ -- $ \gamma $\rule{7mm}{0pt}'
The emxvga, emxvesa and vgal terminal drivers support PCs with SVGA, vesa SVGA and VGA graphics boards, respectively. They are intended to be compiled with "emx-gcc" under either DOS or OS/2. They also need VESA and SVGAKIT maintained by Johannes Martin (JMARTIN@GOOFY.ZDV.UNI-MAINZ.DE) with additions by David J. Liu (liu@phri.nyu.edu).
emxvga
emxvesa
vgal
set terminal emxvga set terminal emxvesa {vesa-mode} set terminal vgal
The only option is the vesa mode for emxvesa, which defaults to G640x480x256.
This driver supports a family of Epson printers and derivatives.
epson-180dpi and epson-60dpi are drivers for Epson LQ-style 24-pin printers with resolutions of 180 and 60 dots per inch, respectively.
epson-180dpi
epson-60dpi
epson-lx800 is a generic 9-pin driver appropriate for printers like the Epson LX-800, the Star NL-10 and NX-1000, the PROPRINTER, and so forth.
epson-lx800
nec-cp6 is generix 24-pin driver that can be used for printers like the NEC CP6 and the Epson LQ-800.
nec-cp6
The okidata driver supports the 9-pin OKIDATA 320/321 Standard printers.
okidata
The starc driver is for the Star Color Printer.
starc
The tandy-60dpi driver is for the Tandy DMP-130 series of 9-pin, 60-dpi printers.
tandy-60dpi
Only nec-cp6 has any options.
set terminal nec-cp6 {monochrome | colour | draft}
which defaults to monochrome.
With each of these drivers, a binary copy is required on a PC to print. Do not use print---use instead copy file /b lpt1:.
print
copy file /b lpt1:
The excl terminal driver supports Talaris printers such as the EXCL Laser printer and the 1590. It has no options.
excl
These drivers supports PC monitors with autodetected graphics boards. They can be used only when compiled with Zortech C/C++. None have options.
The fig terminal device generates output in the Fig graphics language.
fig
set terminal fig {monochrome | color} {small | big} {pointsmax <max_points>} {landscape | portrait} {metric | inches} {fontsize <fsize>} {size <xsize> <ysize>} {thickness <units>} {depth <layer>}
monochrome and color determine whether the picture is black-and-white or color. small and big produce a 5x3 or 8x5 inch graph in the default landscape mode and 3x5 or 5x8 inches in portrait mode. <max_points> sets the maximum number of points per polyline. Default units for editing with "xfig" may be metric or inches. fontsize sets the size of the text font to <fsize> points. size sets (overrides) the size of the drawing area to <xsize>*<ysize> in units of inches or centimeters depending on the inches or metric setting in effect. depth sets the default depth layer for all lines and text. The default depth is 10 to leave room for adding material with "xfig" on top of the plot.
small
big
metric
inches
depth
thickness sets the default line thickness, which is 1 if not specified. Overriding the thickness can be achieved by adding a multiple of 100 to the to the linetype value for a plot command. In a similar way the depth of plot elements (with respect to the default depth) can be controlled by adding a multiple of 1000 to <linetype>. The depth is then <layer> + <linetype>/1000 and the thickness is (<linetype>%1000)/100 or, if that is zero, the default line thickness.
thickness
linetype
plot
Additional point-plot symbols are also available with the fig driver. The symbols can be used through pointtype values % 100 above 50, with different fill intensities controlled by <pointtype> % 5 and outlines in black (for <pointtype> % 10 < 5) or in the current color. Available symbols are
pointtype
50 - 59: circles 60 - 69: squares 70 - 79: diamonds 80 - 89: upwards triangles 90 - 99: downwards triangles
The size of these symbols is linked to the font size. The depth of symbols is by default one less than the depth for lines to achieve nice error bars. If <pointtype> is above 1000, the depth is <layer> + <pointtype>/1000-1. If <pointtype>%1000 is above 100, the fill color is (<pointtype>%1000)/100-1.
Available fill colors are (from 1 to 9): black, blue, green, cyan, red, magenta, yellow, white and dark blue (in monochrome mode: black for 1 to 6 and white for 7 to 9).
See plot with for details of <linetype> and <pointtype>.
plot with
The big option is a substitute for the bfig terminal in earlier versions, which is no longer supported.
bfig
set terminal fig monochrome small pointsmax 1000 # defaults plot 'file.dat' with points linetype 102 pointtype 759
would produce circles with a blue outline of width 1 and yellow fill color.
plot 'file.dat' using 1:2:3 with err linetype 1 pointtype 554
would produce errorbars with black lines and circles filled red. These circles are one layer above the lines (at depth 9 by default).
To plot the error bars on top of the circles use
plot 'file.dat' using 1:2:3 with err linetype 1 pointtype 2554
The gif terminal driver generates output in GIF format. It uses Thomas Boutell's gd library, which is available from http://www.boutell.com/gd/
gif
set terminal gif {transparent} {interlace} {small | medium | large} {size <x>,<y>} {<color0> <color1> <color2> ...}
transparent instructs the driver to generate transparent GIFs. The first color will be the transparent one.
transparent
interlace instructs the driver to generate interlaced GIFs.
interlace
The choice of fonts is small (6x12 pixels), medium (7x13 Bold) or large (8x16).
medium
large
The size <x,y> is given in pixels---it defaults to 640x480. The number of pixels can be also modified by scaling with the set size command.
Each color must be of the form 'xrrggbb', where x is the literal character 'x' and 'rrggbb' are the red, green and blue components in hex. For example, 'x00ff00' is green. The background color is set first, then the border colors, then the X & Y axis colors, then the plotting colors. The maximum number of colors that can be set is 256.
set terminal gif small size 640,480 \ xffffff x000000 x404040 \ xff0000 xffa500 x66cdaa xcdb5cd \ xadd8e6 x0000ff xdda0dd x9500d3 # defaults
which uses white for the non-transparent background, black for borders, gray for the axes, and red, orange, medium aquamarine, thistle 3, light blue, blue, plum and dark violet for eight plotting colors.
set terminal gif transparent xffffff \ x000000 x202020 x404040 x606060 \ x808080 xA0A0A0 xC0C0C0 xE0E0E0 \
which uses white for the transparent background, black for borders, dark gray for axes, and a gray-scale for the six plotting colors.
The page size is 640x480 pixels. The gif driver can create either color or monochromatic output, but you have no control over which is produced.
The current version of the gif driver does not support animated GIFs.
The unixplot driver produces device-independent output in the GNU plot graphics language. The default size of the PostScript results generated by "plot2ps" is 5 x 3 inches; this can be increased up to about 8.25 x 8.25 by set size.
unixplot
set terminal unixplot {"<fontname>"} {<fontsize>}
which defaults to 10-point "Courier".
There is a non-GNU version of the unixplot driver which cannot be compiled unless this version is left out.
The gpic terminal driver generates GPIC graphs in the Free Software Foundations's "groff" package. The default size is 5 x 3 inches. The only option is the origin, which defaults to (0,0).
gpic
set terminal gpic {<x> <y>}
where x and y are in inches.
x
y
A simple graph can be formatted using
groff -p -mpic -Tps file.pic > file.ps.
The output from pic can be pipe-lined into eqn, so it is possible to put complex functions in a graph with the set label and set {x/y}label commands. For instance,
set label
set {x/y}label
set ylab '@space 0 int from 0 to x alpha ( t ) roman d t@'
will label the y axis with a nice integral if formatted with the command:
gpic filename.pic | geqn -d@@ -Tps | groff -m[macro-package] -Tps > filename.ps
Figures made this way can be scaled to fit into a document. The pic language is easy to understand, so the graphs can be edited by hand if need be. All co-ordinates in the pic-file produced by gnuplot are given as x+gnuplotx and y+gnuploty. By default x and y are given the value 0. If this line is removed with an editor in a number of files, one can put several graphs in one figure like this (default size is 5.0x3.0 inches):
.PS 8.0 x=0;y=3 copy "figa.pic" x=5;y=3 copy "figb.pic" x=0;y=0 copy "figc.pic" x=5;y=0 copy "figd.pic" .PE
This will produce an 8-inch-wide figure with four graphs in two rows on top of each other.
One can also achieve the same thing by the command
set terminal gpic x y
for example, using
.PS 6.0 copy "trig.pic" .PE
The gpr terminal driver supports the Apollo Graphics Primitive Resource for a fixed-size window. It has no options.
If a variable window size is desired, use the apollo terminal instead.
The grass terminal driver gives gnuplot capabilities to users of the GRASS geographic information system. Contact grassp-list@moon.cecer.army.mil for more information. Pages are written to the current frame of the GRASS Graphics Window. There are no options.
grass
The hp2623a terminal driver supports the Hewlett Packard HP2623A. It has no options.
hp2623a
The hp2648 terminal driver supports the Hewlett Packard HP2647 and HP2648. It has no options.
hp2648
The hp500c terminal driver supports the Hewlett Packard HP DeskJet 500c. It has options for resolution and compression.
hp500c
set terminal hp500c {<res>} {<comp>}
where res can be 75, 100, 150 or 300 dots per inch and comp can be "rle", or "tiff". Any other inputs are replaced by the defaults, which are 75 dpi and no compression. Rasterization at the higher resolutions may require a large amount of memory.
res
comp
The hpgl driver produces HPGL output for devices like the HP7475A plotter. There are two options which can be set---the number of pens and "eject", which tells the plotter to eject a page when done. The default is to use 6 pens and not to eject the page when done.
hpgl
The international character sets ISO-8859-1 and CP850 are recognized via set encoding iso_8859_1 or set encoding cp850 (see set encoding for details).
set encoding iso_8859_1
set encoding cp850
set encoding
set terminal hpgl {<number_of_pens>} {eject}
The selection
set terminal hpgl 8 eject
is equivalent to the previous hp7550 terminal, and the selection
hp7550
set terminal hpgl 4
is equivalent to the previous hp7580b terminal.
hp7580b
The pcl5 driver supports the Hewlett-Packard Laserjet III. It actually uses HPGL-2, but there is a name conflict among the terminal devices. It has several options
pcl5
set terminal pcl5 {<mode>} {<font>} {<fontsize>}
where <mode> is landscape, or portrait, <font> is stick, univers, or cg_times, and <fontsize> is the size in points.
stick
univers
cg_times
With pcl5 international characters are handled by the printer; you just put the appropriate 8-bit character codes into the text strings. You don't need to bother with set encoding.
HPGL graphics can be imported by many software packages.
The hpljii terminal driver supports the HP Laserjet Series II printer. The hpdj driver supports the HP DeskJet 500 printer. These drivers allow a choice of resolutions.
hpljii
hpdj
set terminal hpljii | hpdj {<res>}
where res may be 75, 100, 150 or 300 dots per inch; the default is 75. Rasterization at the higher resolutions may require a large amount of memory.
The hp500c terminal is similar to hpdj; hp500c additionally supports color and compression.
The hppj terminal driver supports the HP PaintJet and HP3630 printers. The only option is the choice of font.
hppj
set terminal hppj {FNT5X9 | FNT9X17 | FNT13X25}
with the middle-sized font (FNT9X17) being the default.
The imagen terminal driver supports Imagen laser printers. It is capable of placing multiple graphs on a single page.
imagen
set terminal imagen {<fontsize>} {portrait | landscape} {[<horiz>,<vert>]}
where fontsize defaults to 12 points and the layout defaults to landscape. <horiz> and <vert> are the number of graphs in the horizontal and vertical directions; these default to unity.
<horiz
<vert
Example:
set terminal imagen portrait [2,3]
puts six graphs on the page in three rows of two in portrait orientation.
The iris4d terminal driver supports Silicon Graphics IRIS 4D computers. Its only option is 8- or 24-bit color depth. The default is 8.
iris4d
set terminal iris4d {8 | 24}
The color depth is not really a choice -- the value appropriate for the hardware should be selected.
When using 24-bit mode, the colors can be directly specified via the file .gnuplot_iris4d that is searched in the current directory and then in the home directory specified by the HOME environment variable. This file holds RGB values for the background, border, labels and nine plotting colors, in that order. For example, here is a file containing the default colors:
85 85 85 Background (dark gray) 0 0 0 Boundary (black) 170 0 170 Labeling (magenta) 85 255 255 Plot Color 1 (light cyan) 170 0 0 Plot Color 2 (red) 0 170 0 Plot Color 3 (green) 255 85 255 Plot Color 4 (light magenta) 255 255 85 Plot Color 5 (yellow) 255 85 85 Plot Color 6 (light red) 85 255 85 Plot Color 7 (light green) 0 170 170 Plot Color 8 (cyan) 170 170 0 Plot Color 9 (brown)
This file must have exactly 12 lines of RGB triples. No empty lines are allowed, and anything after the third number on a line is ignored.
The kyo and prescribe terminal drivers support the Kyocera laser printer. The only difference between the two is that kyo uses "Helvetica" whereas prescribe uses "Courier". There are no options.
kyo
prescribe
The latex and emtex drivers allow two options.
emtex
set terminal latex | emtex {courier | roman} {<fontsize>}
fontsize may be any size you specify. The default is 10-point Roman.
Unless your driver is capable of building fonts at any size (e.g. dvips), stick to the standard 10, 11 and 12 point sizes.
METAFONT users beware: METAFONT does not like odd sizes.
The linux driver has no additional options to specify. It looks at the environment variable GSVGAMODE for the default mode; if not set, it uses 1024x768x256 as default mode or, if that is not possible, 640x480x16 (standard VGA).
linux
Several options may be set in the 'macintosh' driver.
set terminal macintosh {singlewin | multiwin} {vertical | novertical} {size <width>, <height> | default}
'singlewin' limits the output to a single window and is useful for animations. 'multiwin' allows multiple windows. 'vertical' is only valid under the gx option. With this option, rotated text
be drawn vertically. novertical turns this option off. size <width>, <height> overrides the graph size set in the preferences dialog until it is cleared with either 'set term mac size default' or 'set term mac default'. 'set term mac size default' sets the window size settings to those set in the preferences dialog. 'set term mac default' sets all options to their default values. Default values: nogx, multiwin, novertical. If you generate graphs under the multiwin option and then switch to singlewin, the next plot command will cause one more window to be created. This new window will be reused as long as singlewin is in effect. If you switch back to multiwin, generate some graphs, and then switch to singlewin again, the orginal 'singlewin' window will be resused if it is still open. Otherwise a new 'singlewin' window will be created. The 'singlewin' window is not numbered.
The mf terminal driver creates a input file to the METAFONT program. Thus a figure may be used in the TeX document in the same way as is a character.
mf
To use a picture in a document, the METAFONT program must be run with the output file from gnuplot as input. Thus, the user needs a basic knowledge of the font creating process and the procedure for including a new font in a document. However, if the METAFONT program is set up properly at the local site, an unexperienced user could perform the operation without much trouble.
The text support is based on a METAFONT character set. Currently the Computer Modern Roman font set is input, but the user is in principal free to chose whatever fonts he or she needs. The METAFONT source files for the chosen font must be available. Each character is stored in a separate picture variable in METAFONT. These variables may be manipulated (rotated, scaled etc.) when characters are needed. The drawback is the interpretation time in the METAFONT program. On some machines (i.e. PC) the limited amount of memory available may also cause problems if too many pictures are stored.
The mf terminal has no options.
- Set your terminal to METAFONT:
set terminal mf
- Select an output-file, e.g.:
set output "myfigures.mf"
- Create your pictures. Each picture will generate a separate character. Its default size will be 5*3 inches. You can change the size by saying set size 0.5,0.5 or whatever fraction of the default size you want to have.
set size 0.5,0.5
- Quit gnuplot.
- Generate a TFM and GF file by running METAFONT on the output of gnuplot. Since the picture is quite large (5*3 in), you will have to use a version of METAFONT that has a value of at least 150000 for memmax. On Unix systems these are conventionally installed under the name bigmf. For the following assume that the command virmf stands for a big version of METAFONT. For example:
- Invoke METAFONT:
virmf '&plain'
- Select the output device: At the METAFONT prompt ('*') type:
\mode:=CanonCX; % or whatever printer you use
- Optionally select a magnification:
mag:=1; % or whatever you wish
- Input the gnuplot-file:
input myfigures.mf
On a typical Unix machine there will usually be a script called "mf" that executes virmf '&plain', so you probably can substitute mf for virmf &plain. This will generate two files: mfput.tfm and mfput.$$$gf (where $$$ indicates the resolution of your device). The above can be conveniently achieved by typing everything on the command line, e.g.: virmf '&plain' '\mode:=CanonCX; mag:=1; input myfigures.mf' In this case the output files will be named myfigures.tfm and myfigures.300gf.
- Generate a PK file from the GF file using gftopk:
gftopk myfigures.300gf myfigures.300pk
The name of the output file for gftopk depends on the DVI driver you use. Ask your local TeX administrator about the naming conventions. Next, either install the TFM and PK files in the appropriate directories, or set your environment variables properly. Usually this involves setting TEXFONTS to include the current directory and doing the same thing for the environment variable that your DVI driver uses (no standard name here...). This step is necessary so that TeX will find the font metric file and your DVI driver will find the PK file.
- To include your pictures in your document you have to tell TeX the font:
\font\gnufigs=myfigures
Each picture you made is stored in a single character. The first picture is character 0, the second is character 1, and so on... After doing the above step, you can use the pictures just like any other characters. Therefore, to place pictures 1 and 2 centered in your document, all you have to do is:
\centerline{\gnufigs\char0} \centerline{\gnufigs\char1}
in plain TeX. For LaTeX you can, of course, use the picture environment and place the picture wherever you wish by using the \makebox and \put macros.
This conversion saves you a lot of time once you have generated the font; TeX handles the pictures as characters and uses minimal time to place them, and the documents you make change more often than the pictures do. It also saves a lot of TeX memory. One last advantage of using the METAFONT driver is that the DVI file really remains device independent, because no \special commands are used as in the eepic and tpic drivers.
The mgr terminal driver supports the Mgr Window system. It has no options.
mgr
The mif terminal driver produces Frame Maker MIF format version 3.00. It plots in MIF Frames with the size 15*10 cm, and plot primitives with the same pen will be grouped in the same MIF group. Plot primitives in a gnuplot page will be plotted in a MIF Frame, and several MIF Frames are collected in one large MIF Frame. The MIF font used for text is "Times".
mif
Several options may be set in the MIF 3.00 driver.
set terminal mif {colour | monochrome} {polyline | vectors} {help | ?}
colour plots lines with line types >= 0 in colour (MIF sep. 2--7) and monochrome plots all line types in black (MIF sep. 0). polyline plots curves as continuous curves and vectors plots curves as collections of vectors. help and ? print online help on standard error output---both print a short description of the usage; help also lists the options;
colour
polyline
vectors
help
?
set term mif colour polylines # defaults set term mif # defaults set term mif vectors set term mif help
The mtos terminal has no options. It sends data via a pipe to an external program called GPCLIENT. It runs under MULTITOS, Magic 3.x, MagicMAC. and MiNT. If you cannot find GPCLIENT, than mail to dirk@lstm.uni-erlangen.de.
mtos
Several options may be set in the next driver.
set terminal next {<mode>} {<type> } {<color>} {<dashed>} {"<fontname>"} {<fontsize>} title {"<newtitle>"}
where <mode> is default, which sets all options to their defaults; <type> is either new or old, where old invokes the old single window; <color> is either color or monochrome; <dashed> is either solid or dashed; "<fontname>" is the name of a valid PostScript font; <fontsize> is the size of the font in PostScript points; and <title> is the title for the GnuTerm window. Defaults are new, monochrome, dashed, "Helvetica", 14pt.
new
old
set term next default set term next 22 set term next color "Times-Roman" 14 set term next color "Helvetica" 12 title "MyPlot" set term next old
Pointsizes may be changed with set linestyle.
Several options may be set in the pbm terminal---the driver for PBMplus.
pbm
set terminal pbm {<fontsize>} {<mode>}
where <fontsize> is small, medium, or large and <mode> is monochrome, gray or color. The default plot size is 640 pixels wide and 480 pixels high; this may be changed by set size.
gray
The output of the pbm driver depends upon <mode>: monochrome produces a portable bitmap (one bit per pixel), gray a portable graymap (three bits per pixel) and color a portable pixmap (color, four bits per pixel).
The output of this driver can be used with Jef Poskanzer's excellent PBMPLUS package, which provides programs to convert the above PBMPLUS formats to GIF, TIFF, MacPaint, Macintosh PICT, PCX, X11 bitmap and many others. PBMPLUS may be obtained from ftp.x.org. The relevant files have names that begin with "netpbm-1mar1994.p1"; they reside in /contrib/utilities. The package can probably also be obtained from one of the many sites that mirrors ftp.x.org.
set terminal pbm small monochrome # defaults set size 2,2; set terminal pbm color medium
The dospc terminal driver supports PCs with arbitrary graphics boards, which will be automatically detected. It should be used only if you are not using the gcc or Zortec C/C++ compilers.
dospc
The pm terminal driver provides an OS/2 Presentation Manager window in which the graph is plotted. The window is opened when the first graph is plotted. This window has its own online help as well as facilities for printing, copying to the clipboard and some line type and color adjustments. The multiplot option is supported.
pm
multiplot
set terminal pm {server {n}} {persist} {widelines} {enhanced} {"title"}
If persist is specified, each graph appears in its own window and all windows remain open after gnuplot exits. If server is specified, all graphs appear in the same window, which remains open when gnuplot exits. This option takes an optional numerical argument which specifies an instance of the server process. Thus multiple server windows can be in use at the same time.
persist
server
If widelines is specified, all plots will be drawn with wide lines. If enhanced is specified, sub- and superscripts and multiple fonts are enabled using the same syntax as the enhanced postscript option (see set terminal postscript enhanced for details). Font names for the basic PostScript fonts may be abbreviated to single letters.
widelines
enhanced
enhanced postscript
set terminal postscript enhanced
If title is specified, it will be used as the title of the plot window. It will also be used as the name of the server instance, and will override the optional numerical argument.
title
Linewidths may be changed with set linestyle.
The png terminal driver supports Portable Network Graphics. To compile it, you will need the third-party libraries "libpng" and "zlib"; both are available at ftp://ftp.uu.net/graphics/png. png has two options.
png
set terminal png {small | medium | large} {monochrome | gray | color}
The defaults are small (fontsize) and monochrome.
Several options may be set in the postscript driver.
postscript
set terminal postscript {<mode>} {enhanced | noenhanced} {color | monochrome} {solid | dashed} {<duplexing>} {"<fontname>"} {<fontsize>}
where <mode> is landscape, portrait, eps or default; solid draws all plots with solid lines, overriding any dashed patterns; <duplexing> is defaultplex, simplex or duplex ("duplexing" in PostScript is the ability of the printer to print on both sides of the same page---don't set this if your printer can't do it); enhanced activates the "enhanced PostScript" features (subscripts, superscripts and mixed fonts); "<fontname"> is the name of a valid PostScript font; and <fontsize> is the size of the font in PostScript points.
eps
defaultplex
simplex
duplex
"<fontname
default mode sets all options to their defaults: landscape, monochrome, dashed, defaultplex, noenhanced, "Helvetica" and 14pt.
noenhanced
Default size of a PostScript plot is 10 inches wide and 7 inches high.
eps mode generates EPS (Encapsulated PostScript) output, which is just regular PostScript with some additional lines that allow the file to be imported into a variety of other applications. (The added lines are PostScript comment lines, so the file may still be printed by itself.) To get EPS output, use the eps mode and make only one plot per file. In eps mode the whole plot, including the fonts, is reduced to half of the default size.
set terminal postscript default # old postscript set terminal postscript enhanced # old enhpost set terminal postscript landscape 22 # old psbig set terminal postscript eps 14 # old epsf1 set terminal postscript eps 22 # old epsf2 set size 0.7,1.4; set term post portrait color "Times-Roman" 14
The postscript driver supports about 70 distinct pointtypes, selectable through the pointtype option on plot and set linestyle.
Several possibly useful files about gnuplot's PostScript are included in the /docs/ps subdirectory of the gnuplot distribution and at the distribution sites. These are "ps_symbols.gpi" (a gnuplot command file that, when executed, creates the file "ps_symbols.ps" which shows all the symbols available through the postscript terminal), "ps_guide.ps" (a PostScript file that contains a summary of the enhanced syntax and a page showing what the octal codes produce with text and symbol fonts) and "ps_file.doc" (a text file that contains a discussion of the organization of a PostScript file written by gnuplot).
A PostScript file is editable, so once gnuplot has created one, you are free to modify it to your heart's desire. See the "editing postscript" section for some hints.
Control Examples Explanation ^ a^x superscript _ a_x subscript @ @x or a@^b_c phantom box (occupies no width) & &{space} inserts space of specified length
Braces can be used to place multiple-character text where a single character is expected (e.g., 2^{10}). To change the font and/or size, use the full form: {/[fontname][=fontsize | *fontscale] text}. Thus {/Symbol=20 G} is a 20-point GAMMA) and {/*0.75 K} is a K at three-quarters of whatever fontsize is currently in effect. (The '/' character MUST be the first character after the '{'.)
If the encoding vector has been changed by set encoding, the default encoding vector can be used instead by following the slash with a dash. This is unnecessary if you use the Symbol font, however---since /Symbol uses its own encoding vector, gnuplot will not apply any other encoding vector to it.
The phantom box is useful for a@^b_c to align superscripts and subscripts but does not work well for overwriting an accent on a letter. (To do the latter, it is much better to use set encoding iso_8859_1 to change to the ISO Latin-1 encoding vector, which contains a large variety of letters with accents or other diacritical marks.) Since the box is non-spacing, it is sensible to put the shorter of the subscript or superscript in the box (that is, after the @).
Space equal in length to a string can be inserted using the '&' character. Thus
'abc&{def}ghi'
would produce
'abc ghi'.
You can access special symbols numerically by specifying \character-code (in octal), e.g., {/Symbol \245} is the symbol for infinity.
You can escape control characters using \, e.g., \\, \{, and so on.
But be aware that strings in double-quotes are parsed differently than those enclosed in single-quotes. The major difference is that backslashes may need to be doubled when in double-quoted strings.
Examples (these are hard to describe in words---try them!):
set xlabel 'Time (10^6 {/Symbol m}s)' set title '{/Symbol=18 \362@_{/=9.6 0}^{/=12 x}} \ {/Helvetica e^{-{/Symbol m}^2/2} d}{/Symbol m}'
The file "ps_guide.ps" in the /docs/ps subdirectory of the gnuplot source distribution contains more examples of the enhanced syntax.
The PostScript language is a very complex language---far too complex to describe in any detail in this document. Nevertheless there are some things in a PostScript file written by gnuplot that can be changed without risk of introducing fatal errors into the file.
For example, the PostScript statement "/Color true def" (written into the file in response to the command set terminal postscript color), may be altered in an obvious way to generate a black-and-white version of a plot. Similarly line colors, text colors, line weights and symbol sizes can also be altered in straight-forward ways. Text (titles and labels) can be edited to correct misspellings or to change fonts. Anything can be repositioned, and of course anything can be added or deleted, but modifications such as these may require deeper knowledge of the PostScript language.
set terminal postscript color
The organization of a PostScript file written by gnuplot is discussed in the text file "ps_file.doc" in the /docs/ps subdirectory.
The pslatex and pstex drivers generate output for further processing by LaTeX and TeX, respectively. Figures generated by pstex can be included in any plain-based format (including LaTeX).
pslatex
pstex
set terminal pslatex | |pstex {<color>} {<dashed>} {<rotate>} {auxfile} {<font_size>}
<color> is either color or monochrome. <rotate> is either rotate or norotate and determines if the y-axis label is rotated. <font_size> is used to scale the font from its usual size.
If auxfile is specified, it directs the driver to put the PostScript commands into an auxiliary file instead of directly into the LaTeX file. This is useful if your pictures are large enough that dvips cannot handle them. The name of the auxiliary PostScript file is derived from the name of the TeX file given on the set output command; it is determined by replacing the trailing .tex (actually just the final extent in the file name---and the option will be turned off if there is no extent) with .ps in the output file name. Remember to close the file before leaving gnuplot.
auxfile
set output
.tex
.ps
set term pslatex monochrome dashed rotate # set to defaults
To write the PostScript commands into the file "foo.ps":
set term pslatex auxfile set output "foo.tex"; plot ...: set output
About label positioning: Use gnuplot defaults (mostly sensible, but sometimes not really best):
The pstricks driver is intended for use with the "pstricks.sty" macro package for LaTeX. It is an alternative to the eepic and latex drivers. You need "pstricks.sty", and, of course, a printer that understands PostScript, or a converter such as Ghostscript.
pstricks
PSTricks is available via anonymous ftp from the /pub directory at Princeton.EDU. This driver definitely does not come close to using the full capability of the PSTricks package.
set terminal pstricks {hacktext | nohacktext} {unit | nounit}
The first option invokes an ugly hack that gives nicer numbers; the second has to do with plot scaling. The defaults are hacktext and nounit.
hacktext
nounit
The qms terminal driver supports the QMS/QUIC Laser printer, the Talaris 1200 and others. It has no options.
qms
The regis terminal device generates output in the REGIS graphics language. It has the option of using 4 (the default) or 16 colors.
regis
set terminal regis {4 | 16}
The rgip and uniplex terminal drivers support RGIP metafiles. They can combine several graphs on a single page, but only one page is allowed in a given output file.
rgip
uniplex
set terminal rgip | uniplex {portrait | landscape} {[<horiz>,<vert>]} {<fontsize>}
permissible values for the font size are in the range 1--8, with the default being 1. The default layout is landscape. Graphs are placed on the page in a horizxvert grid, which defaults to [1,1].
horiz
vert
set terminal uniplex portrait [2,3]
puts six graphs on a page in three rows of two in portrait orientation.
The sun terminal driver supports the SunView window system. It has no options.
sun
The tek410x terminal driver supports the 410x and 420x family of Tektronix terminals. It has no options.
tek410x
Instead of producing a graph, the table terminal prints out the points on which a graph would be based, i.e., the results of processing the plot or splot command, in a multicolumn ASCII table of X Y {Z} R values. The character R takes on one of three values: "i" if the point is in the active range, "o" if it is out-of-range, or "u" if it is undefined. The data format is determined by the format of the axis labels (see set format).
table
splot
set format
For those times when you want the numbers, you can display them on the screen or save them to a file. This can be useful if you want to generate contours and then save them for further use, perhaps for plotting with plot; see set contour for an example. The same method can be used to save interpolated data (see set samples and set dgrid3d).
set contour
set samples
set dgrid3d
This family of terminal drivers supports a variety of VT-like terminals. tek40xx supports Tektronix 4010 and others as well as most TEK emulators; vttek supports VT-like tek40xx terminal emulators; kc-tek40xx supports MS-DOS Kermit Tek4010 terminal emulators in color: km-tek40xx supports them in monochrome; selanar supports Selanar graphics; and bitgraph supports BBN Bitgraph terminals. None have any options.
tek40xx
vttek
kc-tek40xx
km-tek40xx
selanar
bitgraph
The texdraw terminal driver supports the LaTeX texdraw environment. It is intended for use with "texdraw.sty" and "texdraw.tex" in the texdraw package.
texdraw
It has no options.
Tgif is an X11-based drawing tool---it has nothing to do with GIF.
The tgif driver supports different pointsizes (with set pointsize), different label fonts and font sizes (e.g. set label "Hallo" at x,y font "Helvetica,34") and multiple graphs on the page. The proportions of the axes are not changed.
tgif
set pointsize
set label "Hallo" at x,y font "Helvetica,34"
set terminal tgif {portrait | landscape} {<[x,y]>} {solid | dashed} {"<fontname>"} {<fontsize>}
where <[x,y]> specifies the number of graphs in the x and y directions on the page, "<fontname>" is the name of a valid PostScript font, and <fontsize> specifies the size of the PostScript font. Defaults are portrait, [1,1], dashed, "Helvetica", and 18.
[1,1]
"Helvetica"
18
The solid option is usually prefered if lines are colored, as they often are in the editor. Hardcopy will be black-and-white, so dashed should be chosen for that.
Multiplot is implemented in two different ways.
The first multiplot implementation is the standard gnuplot multiplot feature:
set terminal tgif set output "file.obj" set multiplot set origin x01,y01 set size xs,ys plot ... ... set origin x02,y02 plot ... set nomultiplot
See set multiplot for further information.
set multiplot
The second version is the [x,y] option for the driver itself. The advantage of this implementation is that everything is scaled and placed automatically without the need for setting origins and sizes; the graphs keep their natural x/y proportions of 3/2 (or whatever is fixed by set size).
If both multiplot methods are selected, the standard method is chosen and a warning message is given.
Examples of single plots (or standard multiplot):
set terminal tgif # defaults set terminal tgif "Times-Roman" 24 set terminal tgif landscape set terminal tgif landscape solid
Examples using the built-in multiplot mechanism:
set terminal tgif portrait [2,4] # portrait; 2 plots in the x- # and 4 in the y-direction set terminal tgif [1,2] # portrait; 1 plot in the x- # and 2 in the y-direction set terminal tgif landscape [3,3] # landscape; 3 plots in both # directions
This terminal driver generates tk canvas widget commands. To use it, rebuild gnuplot (after uncommenting or inserting the appropriate line in "term.h"), then
gnuplot> set term tkcanvas gnuplot> set output 'plot.file'
After invoking "wish", execute the following sequence of tcl commands:
% source plot.file % canvas .c % pack .c % gnuplot .c
The code generated by gnuplot creates a tcl procedure called "gnuplot" that takes the name of a canvas as its argument. When the procedure is, called, it clears the canvas, finds the size of the canvas and draws the plot in it, scaled to fit.
The current version of tkcanvas supports neither multiplot nor replot.
tkcanvas
replot
The tpic terminal driver supports the LaTeX picture environment with tpic \specials. It is an alternative to the latex and eepic terminal drivers. Options are the point size, line width, and dot-dash interval.
set terminal tpic <pointsize> <linewidth> <interval>
where pointsize and linewidth are integers in milli-inches and interval is a float in inches. If a non-positive value is specified, the default is chosen: pointsize = 40, linewidth = 6, interval = 0.1.
pointsize
interval
The unixpc terminal driver supports AT&T 3b1 and AT&T 7300 Unix PC. It has no options.
unixpc
The unixplot terminal driver generates output in the Unix "plot" graphics language. It has no options.
This terminal cannot be compiled if the GNU version of plot is to be used; in that case, use the gnugraph terminal instead.
gnugraph
The vx384 terminal driver supports the Vectrix 384 and Tandy color printers. It has no options.
vx384
The VWS terminal driver supports the VAX Windowing System. It has no options. It will sense the display type (monochrome, gray scale, or color.) All line styles are plotted as solid lines.
VWS
Three options may be set in the windows terminal driver.
windows
set terminal windows {<color>} {"<fontname>"} {<fontsize>}
where <color> is either color or monochrome, "<fontname"> is the name of a valid Windows font, and <fontsize> is the size of the font in points.
<color
Other options may be set with the graph-menu, the initialization file, and set linestyle.
The Windows version normally terminates immediately as soon as the end of any files given as command line arguments is reached (i.e. in non-interactive mode). It will also not show the text-window at all, in this mode, only the plot. By giving the optional argument /noend or -noend, you can disable this behaviour.
/noend
-noend
The gnuplot graph window has the following options on a pop-up menu accessed by pressing the right mouse button or selecting Options from the system menu:
gnuplot graph
Options
Bring to Top when checked brings the graph window to the top after every plot.
Bring to Top
Color when checked enables color linestyles. When unchecked it forces monochrome linestyles.
Color
Copy to Clipboard copies a bitmap and a Metafile picture.
Copy to Clipboard
Background... sets the window background color.
Background...
Choose Font... selects the font used in the graphics window.
Choose Font...
Line Styles... allows customization of the line colors and styles.
Line Styles...
Print... prints the graphics windows using a Windows printer driver and allows selection of the printer and scaling of the output. The output produced by Print is not as good as that from gnuplot's own printer drivers.
Print...
Print
Update wgnuplot.ini saves the current window locations, window sizes, text window font, text window font size, graph window font, graph window font size, background color and linestyles to the initialization file WGNUPLOT.INI.
Update wgnuplot.ini
WGNUPLOT.INI
In order of preference, graphs may be be printed in the following ways.
1. Use the gnuplot command set terminal to select a printer and set output to redirect output to a file.
1.
set terminal
2. Select the Print... command from the gnuplot graph window. An extra command screendump does this from the text window.
2.
screendump
3. If set output "PRN" is used, output will go to a temporary file. When you exit from gnuplot or when you change the output with another set output command, a dialog box will appear for you to select a printer port. If you choose OK, the output will be printed on the selected port, passing unmodified through the print manager. It is possible to accidentally (or deliberately) send printer output meant for one printer to an incompatible printer.
3.
set output "PRN"
The gnuplot text window has the following options on a pop-up menu accessed by pressing the right mouse button or selecting Options from the system menu:
gnuplot text
Copy to Clipboard copies marked text to the clipboard.
Paste copies text from the clipboard as if typed by the user.
Paste
Choose Font... selects the font used in the text window.
System Colors when selected makes the text window honor the System Colors set using the Control Panel. When unselected, text is black or blue on a white background.
System Colors
Update wgnuplot.ini saves the current text window location, text window size, text window font and text window font size to the initialisation file WGNUPLOT.INI.
MENU BAR
If the menu file WGNUPLOT.MNU is found in the same directory as WGNUPLOT.EXE, then the menu specified in WGNUPLOT.MNU will be loaded. Menu commands:
WGNUPLOT.MNU
[Menu] starts a new menu with the name on the following line.
[EndMenu] ends the current menu.
[--] inserts a horizontal menu separator.
[|] inserts a vertical menu separator.
[Button] puts the next macro on a push button instead of a menu.
Macros take two lines with the macro name (menu entry) on the first line and the macro on the second line. Leading spaces are ignored. Macro commands:
[INPUT] --- Input string with prompt terminated by [EOS] or {ENTER}
[EOS] --- End Of String terminator. Generates no output.
[OPEN] --- Get name of file to open from list box, with title of list box terminated by [EOS], followed by default filename terminated by [EOS] or {ENTER}. This uses COMMDLG.DLL from Windows 3.1.
[SAVE] --- Get name of file to save. Similar to [OPEN]
Macro character substitutions:
{ENTER} --- Carriage Return '\r'
{TAB} --- Tab '\011'
{ESC} --- Escape '\033'
{^A} --- '\001'
...
{^_} --- '\031'
Macros are limited to 256 characters after expansion.
Windows gnuplot will read some of its options from the [WGNUPLOT] section of WGNUPLOT.INI in the Windows directory. A sample WGNUPLOT.INI file:
[WGNUPLOT]
[WGNUPLOT] TextOrigin=0 0 TextSize=640 150 TextFont=Terminal,9 GraphOrigin=0 150 GraphSize=640 330 GraphFont=Arial,10 GraphColor=1 GraphToTop=1 GraphBackground=255 255 255 Border=0 0 0 0 0 Axis=192 192 192 2 2 Line1=0 0 255 0 0 Line2=0 255 0 0 1 Line3=255 0 0 0 2 Line4=255 0 255 0 3 Line5=0 0 128 0 4
The GraphFont entry specifies the font name and size in points. The five numbers given in the Border, Axis and Line entries are the Red intensity (0--255), Green intensity, Blue intensity, Color Linestyle and Mono Linestyle. Linestyles are 0=SOLID, 1=DASH, 2=DOT, 3=DASHDOT, 4=DASHDOTDOT. In the sample WGNUPLOT.INI file above, Line 2 is a green solid line in color mode, or a dashed line in monochrome mode. The default line width is 1 pixel. If Linestyle is negative, it specifies the width of a SOLID line in pixels. Line1 and any linestyle used with the points style must be SOLID with unit width.
GraphFont
Border
Axis
Line
Red
Green
Blue
Color Linestyle
Mono Linestyle
Linestyles
Linestyle
points
Windows 3.1 is preferred, but WGNUPLOT will run under Windows 3.0 with the following restrictions: 1. COMMDLG.DLL and SHELL.DLL (available with Windows 3.1 or Borland C++ 3.1) must be in the windows directory.
2. WGNUPLOT.HLP produced by Borland C++ 3.1 is in Windows 3.1 format. You need to use the WINHELP.EXE supplied with Borland C++ 3.1.
3. It will not run in real mode due to lack of memory.
4. TrueType fonts are not available in the graph window.
4.
5. Drag-drop does not work.
5.
gnuplot provides the x11 terminal type for use with X servers. This terminal type is set automatically at startup if the DISPLAY environment variable is set, if the TERM environment variable is set to xterm, or if the -display command line option is used.
x11
DISPLAY
TERM
xterm
-display
set terminal x11 {reset} {<n>}
Multiple plot windows are supported: set terminal x11 <n> directs the output to plot window number n. If n>0, the terminal number will be appended to the window title and the icon will be labeled gplt <n>. The active window may distinguished by a change in cursor (from default to crosshair.)
set terminal x11 <n
gplt <n
Plot windows remain open even when the gnuplot driver is changed to a different device. A plot window can be closed by pressing the letter q while that window has input focus, or by choosing close from a window manager menu. All plot windows can be closed by specifying reset, which actually terminates the subprocess which maintains the windows (unless -persist was specified).
close
reset
-persist
Plot windows will automatically be closed at the end of the session unless the -persist option was given.
The size or aspect ratio of a plot may be changed by resizing the gnuplot window.
Linewidths and pointsizes may be changed from within gnuplot with set linestyle.
For terminal type x11, gnuplot accepts (when initialized) the standard X Toolkit options and resources such as geometry, font, and name from the command line arguments or a configuration file. See the X(1) man page (or its equivalent) for a description of such options.
A number of other gnuplot options are available for the x11 terminal. These may be specified either as command-line options when gnuplot is invoked or as resources in the configuration file "/.Xdefaults". They are set upon initialization and cannot be altered during a gnuplot session.
In addition to the X Toolkit options, the following options may be specified on the command line when starting gnuplot or as resources in your ".Xdefaults" file:
`-clear` requests that the window be cleared momentarily before a new plot is displayed. `-gray` requests grayscale rendering on grayscale or color displays. (Grayscale displays receive monochrome rendering by default.) `-mono` forces monochrome rendering on color displays. `-persist` plot windows survive after main gnuplot program exits `-raise` raise plot window after each plot `-noraise` do not raise plot window after each plot `-tvtwm` requests that geometry specifications for position of the window be made relative to the currently displayed portion of the virtual root.
The options are shown above in their command-line syntax. When entered as resources in ".Xdefaults", they require a different syntax.
gnuplot*gray: on
gnuplot also provides a command line option (-pointsize <v>) and a resource, gnuplot*pointsize: <v>, to control the size of points plotted with the points plotting style. The value v is a real number (greater than 0 and less than or equal to ten) used as a scaling factor for point sizes. For example, -pointsize 2 uses points twice the default size, and -pointsize 0.5 uses points half the normal size.
-pointsize <v
gnuplot*pointsize: <v
v
-pointsize 2
-pointsize 0.5
For monochrome displays, gnuplot does not honor foreground or background colors. The default is black-on-white. -rv or gnuplot*reverseVideo: on requests white-on-black.
-rv
gnuplot*reverseVideo: on
For color displays, gnuplot honors the following resources (shown here with their default values) or the greyscale resources. The values may be color names as listed in the X11 rgb.txt file on your system, hexadecimal RGB color specifications (see X11 documentation), or a color name followed by a comma and an intensity value from 0 to 1. For example, blue, 0.5 means a half intensity blue.
intensity
blue, 0.5
gnuplot*background: white gnuplot*textColor: black gnuplot*borderColor: black gnuplot*axisColor: black gnuplot*line1Color: red gnuplot*line2Color: green gnuplot*line3Color: blue gnuplot*line4Color: magenta gnuplot*line5Color: cyan gnuplot*line6Color: sienna gnuplot*line7Color: orange gnuplot*line8Color: coral
The command-line syntax for these is, for example,
gnuplot -background coral
When -gray is selected, gnuplot honors the following resources for grayscale or color displays (shown here with their default values). Note that the default background is black.
-gray
gnuplot*background: black gnuplot*textGray: white gnuplot*borderGray: gray50 gnuplot*axisGray: gray50 gnuplot*line1Gray: gray100 gnuplot*line2Gray: gray60 gnuplot*line3Gray: gray80 gnuplot*line4Gray: gray40 gnuplot*line5Gray: gray90 gnuplot*line6Gray: gray50 gnuplot*line7Gray: gray70 gnuplot*line8Gray: gray30
gnuplot honors the following resources for setting the width (in pixels) of plot lines (shown here with their default values.) 0 or 1 means a minimal width line of 1 pixel width. A value of 2 or 3 may improve the appearance of some plots.
gnuplot*borderWidth: 2 gnuplot*axisWidth: 0 gnuplot*line1Width: 0 gnuplot*line2Width: 0 gnuplot*line3Width: 0 gnuplot*line4Width: 0 gnuplot*line5Width: 0 gnuplot*line6Width: 0 gnuplot*line7Width: 0 gnuplot*line8Width: 0
gnuplot honors the following resources for setting the dash style used for plotting lines. 0 means a solid line. A two-digit number jk (j and k are >= 1 and <= 9) means a dashed line with a repeated pattern of j pixels on followed by k pixels off. For example, '16' is a "dotted" line with one pixel on followed by six pixels off. More elaborate on/off patterns can be specified with a four-digit value. For example, '4441' is four on, four off, four on, one off. The default values shown below are for monochrome displays or monochrome rendering on color or grayscale displays. For color displays, the default for each is 0 (solid line) except for axisDashes which defaults to a '16' dotted line.
jk
j
k
axisDashes
gnuplot*borderDashes: 0 gnuplot*axisDashes: 16 gnuplot*line1Dashes: 0 gnuplot*line2Dashes: 42 gnuplot*line3Dashes: 13 gnuplot*line4Dashes: 44 gnuplot*line5Dashes: 15 gnuplot*line6Dashes: 4441 gnuplot*line7Dashes: 42 gnuplot*line8Dashes: 13
The xlib terminal driver supports the X11 Windows System. It generates gnulib_x11 commands. set term x11 behaves similarly to set terminal xlib; set output "|gnuplot_x11". xlib has no options, but see x11.
xlib
set term x11
set terminal xlib; set output "|gnuplot_x11"
Autogenerated from *.trm files in gnuplot terminals subdirectory.
Term::Gnuplot.
To install Term::Gnuplot, copy and paste the appropriate command in to your terminal.
cpanm
cpanm Term::Gnuplot
CPAN shell
perl -MCPAN -e shell install Term::Gnuplot
For more information on module installation, please visit the detailed CPAN module installation guide.