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Email-Address-1.889
River stage three • 62 direct dependents • 140 total dependents
15 ++
/ Email::Address

NAME

Email::Address - RFC 2822 Address Parsing and Creation

SYNOPSIS

  use Email::Address;

  my @addresses = Email::Address->parse($line);
  my $address   = Email::Address->new(Casey => 'casey@localhost');

  print $address->format;

VERSION

version 1.886

 $Id: Address.pm 881 2007-12-19 22:08:35Z rjbs@cpan.org $

DESCRIPTION

This class implements a regex-based RFC 2822 parser that locates email addresses in strings and returns a list of Email::Address objects found. Alternatley you may construct objects manually. The goal of this software is to be correct, and very very fast.

Package Variables

Several regular expressions used in this package are useful to others. For convenience, these variables are declared as package variables that you may access from your program.

These regular expressions conform to the rules specified in RFC 2822.

You can access these variables using the full namespace. If you want short names, define them yourself.

  my $addr_spec = $Email::Address::addr_spec;
$Email::Address::addr_spec

This regular expression defined what an email address is allowed to look like.

$Email::Address::angle_addr

This regular expression defines an $addr_spec wrapped in angle brackets.

$Email::Address::name_addr

This regular expression defines what an email address can look like with an optional preceeding display name, also known as the phrase.

$Email::Address::mailbox

This is the complete regular expression defining an RFC 2822 emial address with an optional preceeding display name and optional following comment.

Class Methods

parse
  my @addrs = Email::Address->parse(
    q[me@local, Casey <me@local>, "Casey" <me@local> (West)]
  );

This method returns a list of Email::Address objects it finds in the input string.

The specification for an email address allows for infinitley nestable comments. That's nice in theory, but a little over done. By default this module allows for two (2) levels of nested comments. If you think you need more, modify the $Email::Address::COMMENT_NEST_LEVEL package variable to allow more.

  $Email::Address::COMMENT_NEST_LEVEL = 10; # I'm deep

The reason for this hardly limiting limitation is simple: efficiency.

Long strings of whitespace can be problematic for this module to parse, a bug which has not yet been adequately addressed. The default behavior is now to collapse multiple spaces into a single space, which avoids this problem. To prevent this behavior, set $Email::Address::COLLAPSE_SPACES to zero. This variable will go away when the bug is resolved properly.

new
  my $address = Email::Address->new(undef, 'casey@local');
  my $address = Email::Address->new('Casey West', 'casey@local');
  my $address = Email::Address->new(undef, 'casey@local', '(Casey)');

Constructs and returns a new Email::Address object. Takes four positional arguments: phrase, email, and comment, and original string.

The original string should only really be set using parse.

purge_cache
  Email::Address->purge_cache;

One way this module stays fast is with internal caches. Caches live in memory and there is the remote possibility that you will have a memory problem. In the off chance that you think you're one of those people, this class method will empty those caches.

I've loaded over 12000 objects and not encountered a memory problem.

disable_cache
enable_cache
  Email::Address->disable_cache if memory_low();

If you'd rather not cache address parses at all, you can disable (and reenable) the Email::Address cache with these methods. The cache is enabled by default.

Instance Methods

phrase
  my $phrase = $address->phrase;
  $address->phrase( "Me oh my" );

Accessor and mutator for the phrase portion of an address.

address
  my $addr = $address->address;
  $addr->address( "me@PROTECTED.com" );

Accessor and mutator for the address portion of an address.

comment
  my $comment = $address->comment;
  $address->comment( "(Work address)" );

Accessor and mutator for the comment portion of an address.

original
  my $orig = $address->original;

Accessor for the original address found when parsing, or passed to new.

host
  my $host = $address->host;

Accessor for the host portion of an address's address.

user
  my $user = $address->user;

Accessor for the user portion of an address's address.

format
  my $printable = $address->format;

Returns a properly formatted RFC 2822 address representing the object.

name
  my $name = $address->name;

This method tries very hard to determine the name belonging to the address. First the phrase is checked. If that doesn't work out the comment is looked into. If that still doesn't work out, the user portion of the address is returned.

This method does not try to massage any name it identifies and instead leaves that up to someone else. Who is it to decide if someone wants their name capitalized, or if they're Irish?

Overloaded Operators

stringify
  print "I have your email address, $address.";

Objects stringify to format by default. It's possible that you don't like that idea. Okay, then, you can change it by modifying $Email:Address::STRINGIFY. Please consider modifying this package variable using local. You might step on someone else's toes if you don't.

  {
    local $Email::Address::STRINGIFY = 'address';
    print "I have your address, $address.";
    #   geeknest.com
  }
  print "I have your address, $address.";
  #   "Casey West" <casey@geeknest.com>

Did I Mention Fast?

On his 1.8GHz Apple MacBook, rjbs gets these results:

  $ perl -Ilib bench/ea-vs-ma.pl bench/corpus.txt 5 
                   Rate  Mail::Address Email::Address
  Mail::Address  2.59/s             --           -44%
  Email::Address 4.59/s            77%             --

  $ perl -Ilib bench/ea-vs-ma.pl bench/corpus.txt 25
                   Rate  Mail::Address Email::Address
  Mail::Address  2.58/s             --           -67%
  Email::Address 7.84/s           204%             --

  $ perl -Ilib bench/ea-vs-ma.pl bench/corpus.txt 50
                   Rate  Mail::Address Email::Address
  Mail::Address  2.57/s             --           -70%
  Email::Address 8.53/s           232%             --

...unfortunately, a known bug causes a loss of speed the string to parse has certain known characteristics, and disabling cache will also degrade performance.

PERL EMAIL PROJECT

This module is maintained by the Perl Email Project

http://emailproject.perl.org/wiki/Email::Address

SEE ALSO

Email::Simple, perl.

AUTHOR

Originally by Casey West, <casey@geeknest.com>.

Maintained, 2006-2007, Ricardo SIGNES <rjbs@cpan.org>.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Thanks to Kevin Riggle and Tatsuhiko Miyagawa for tests for annoying phrase-quoting bugs!

COPYRIGHT

Copyright (c) 2004 Casey West. All rights reserved. This module is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.