RPi::ADC::ADS - Interface to ADS 1xxx series analog to digital converters (ADC) on Raspberry Pi
use RPi::ADC::ADS; # instantiation of the object, shown with optional parameters # with their defaults if you don't specify them my $adc = RPi::ADC::ADS->new( model => 'ADS1015', addr => 0x48, device => '/dev/i2c-1', channel => 0, ); my $volts = $adc->volts; my $percent = $adc->percent; my $int = $adc->raw; # all retrieval methods allow you to specify the channel (0..3) in the call # instead of using the default, or the one set in new() my $percent = $adc->percent(3); ...
Perl interface to the Texas Instruments/Adafruit ADS 1xxx series Analog to Digital Converters (ADC) on the Raspberry Pi.
Provides access via the i2c bus to all four input channels on each ADC, while performing correct bit-shifting between the 12-bit and 16-bit resolution on the differing models.
List of pinout connections between the ADC and the Raspberry Pi.
ADC Pi ----------- VDD Vcc GND Gnd SCL SCL SDA SDA ADDR Gnd (see below for more info) ALRT NC (no connect)
Pinouts A0 through A3 on the ADC are the analog pins used to connect to external peripherals (specified in this software as 0 through 3).
A0
A3
0
3
The ADDR pin specifies the memory address of the ADC unit. Four ADCs can be connected to the i2c bus at any one time. By default, this software uses address 0x48, which is the address when the ADDR pin is connected to Gnd on the Raspberry Pi. Here are the addresses for the four Pi pins:
ADDR
0x48
Gnd
Pin Address --------------- Gnd 0x48 VDD 0x49 SDA 0x4A SCL 0x4B
Instantiates a new RPi::ADC::ADS object. All parameters are optional, and are all sent in as a single hash.
Parameters:
model => $string
Optional. The model number of the ADC. If not specified, we use ADS1015. Models that start with ADS11 have 16-bit accuracy resolution, and models that start with ADS10 have 12-bit resolution.
ADS1015
ADS11
ADS10
addr => $hex
Optional. The hex location of the ADC. If the pinout in "PHYSICAL SETUP" is used, this will be 0x48 (which is the default if not supplied).
device => $string
Optional. The filesystem path to the i2c device file. Defaults to /dev/i2c-1
/dev/i2c-1
channel => $int
Optional. See "INPUT CHANNELS" for parameter values and details.
gain => $int
Optional. See "GAIN AMPLIFIER" for parameter values and details.
mode => $int
Optional. See "OPERATION MODE" for parameter values and details.
rate => $int
Optional. See "DATA RATE" for parameter values and details.
polarity => $int
Optional. See "COMPARATOR POLARITY" for parameter values and details.
queue => $int
Optional. See "COMPARATOR QUEUE" for parameter values and details.
Sets/gets the ADC memory address. After object instantiation, this method should only be used to get (ie. don't send in any parameters).
$hex
Optional: A memory address in the form 0xNN. See "PHYSICAL SETUP" for full details.
0xNN
Sets/gets the file path information for the i2c device. This shouldn't be used as a setter after object instantiation. It defaults to /dev/i2c-1 if not set in the new() call (or with this method thereafter).
new()
$dev
Optional: String, the full path of the i2c device in use. Defaults to /dev/i2c-1.
Sets/gets the model of the ADC chip that we're connected to. This shouldn't be set after object instantiation. Defaults to ADS1015 if not set in the new() call, or later with this method.
$model
Optional: String, the model name of the ADC unit. Defaults to ADS1015. Valid values are /ADS1[01]1[3458]/.
/ADS1[01]1[3458]/
Sets/gets the currently registered ADC input channel within the object. Both single-ended and differential operation mode are available.
$channel
Optional: See "INPUT CHANNELS" for the parameter values and details.
Sets/gets the programmable gain amplifier.
$int
Optional: See "GAIN AMPLIFIER" for the parameter values and details.
Sets/gets the conversion operation mode, either single conversion or continuous conversion.
Optional: See "OPERATION MODE" for the parameter values and details.
Sets/gets the data rate.
Optional: See "DATA RATE" for the parameter values and details.
Sets/gets the comparitor polarity.
Optional: See "COMPARATOR POLARITY" for the parameter values and details.
Sets/gets the comparator queue configuration.
Optional: See "COMPARATOR QUEUE" for the parameter values and details.
These methods are for core operation, but are left public as they may be of use for those who want to tinker with the innards.
Separates the 16-bit wide configuration register and returns an array containing the Most Significant Byte as the first element, and the Least Significant Byte as the second element.
Parameters: None
Return: Array of two elements (MSB, LSB).
Sets/gets the ADC's config register. This has been left public for convenience for those who understand the hardware very well. It really shouldn't be used otherwise.
$msb, $lsb
Optional: If one is sent in, both must be sent in. $msb is the most significant byte of the config register, an integer between 0-255. $lsb is the least significant byte of the config register, and must be in the same format as the $msb.
$msb
$lsb
Return: Array with two elements. First element is the MSB, and the second element is the LSB.
Retrieves the voltage level of the channel.
Optional: See <L/INPUT CHANNELS> for parameter values and details. Specifies the ADC input channel to read from. Setting this parameter allows you to read all four channels without changing the default set in the object.
Return: A floating point number between 0 and the maximum voltage output by the Pi's GPIO pins.
Retrieves the ADC channel's input value by percentage of maximum input.
Parameters: See $channel in "volts".
Retrieves the raw value of the ADC channel's input value.
The following C functions aren't meant to be called directly. Rather, use the corresponding Perl object methods instead.
Fetches the raw data from the channel specified.
Implemented as:
int fetch (addr, dev, wbuf1, wbuf2, res) int addr char * dev char * wbuf1 char * wbuf2 int resolution
wbuf1 is the most significant byte (bits 15-8) for the configuration register, wbuf2 being the least significant byte (bits 7-0).
wbuf1
wbuf2
Fetches the ADC input and returns it as the actual voltage.
float voltage_c (addr, dev, wbuf1, wbuf2, res) int addr char * dev char * wbuf1 char * wbuf2 int resolution
See "fetch" for details on the wbuf arguments.
wbuf
Fetches the ADC input and returns it in its raw form.
int raw_c (addr, dev, wbuf1, wbuf2, res) int addr char * dev char * wbuf1 char * wbuf2 int resolution
Fetches the ADC input value as a floating point percentage between minimum and maximum input values.
float percent_c (addr, dev, wbuf1, wbuf2, res) int addr char * dev char * wbuf1 char * wbuf2 int resolution
Both the conversion and configuration registers are 16-bits wide.
The write buffer consists of an array with three elements. Element 0 is the register pointer, which allows you to select the register to use. Value 0 for the conversion register and 1 for the configuration register.
1
Element 1 is a byte long, and represents the most significant bits (15-8) of each 16-bit register, while element 2 represents the least significant bits, 7-0.
2
Bit: 15
This bit should always be set to 1 when writing. This initiates a conversation ADC. When reading, this bit will read 1 if a conversion is currently occuring, and 0 if the current conversion is complete.
Bit: 14-12
Represents the ADC input channel, as well as either a single-ended (difference between HIGH and GRD) or differential mode (difference between two input channels).
Single mode configuration (with the alternate parameter values):
Param Value Input --------------------- 0 100 A0 (default) 1 101 A1 2 110 A2 3 111 A3
Differential mode configuration:
Param Value Diff between ---------------------------- 0 000 A0 <-> A1 1 001 A0 <-> A3 2 010 A1 <-> A3 3 011 A2 <-> A3
Bit: 11-9
Represents the programmable gain amplifier. This software uses 001 or +/-4.096V to cover the Pi's 3.3V output.
001
Param Value Gain -------------------- 0 000 +/-6.144V 1 001 +/-4.096V (default) 2 010 +/-2.048V 3 011 +/-2.024V 4 100 +/-0.512V 5 101 +/-0.256V 6 110 +/-0.256V 7 111 +/-0.256V
Bit: 8
Represents the conversion operation mode. We use single conversion hardware default.
Param/Value Mode ------------------ 0 continuous conversion 1 single conversion (default)
Bit: 7-5
Represent the data rate. We use 128SPS by default:
Param Value Rate -------------------- 0 000 128SPS (default) 1 001 250SPS 2 010 490SPS 3 011 920SPS 4 100 1600SPS 5 101 2400SPS 6 110 3300SPS 7 111 3300SPS
Bit: 3
Represents the comparator polarity. We use 0 (active low) by default.
Param/Value Polarity ---------------------- 0 Active Low (default) 1 Active High
Bit: 1-0
Represents the comparator queue. 11 (disabled) by default.
11
Param Value Queue --------------------- 0 00 Assert after one conversion 1 01 Assert after two conversions 2 10 Assert after four conversions 3 11 Disable comparator (default)
Each channel has a conversion register (that contains the actual analog input). This register is 16 bits wide. With that said, the most significant bit is used to identify whether the number is positive or negative, so technically, for the ADC1xxx series ADCs, the width is actually 15 bits, and the ADC10xx units are 11 bits wide (as the resolution on these models are only 12-bit as opposed to 16-bit).
See the ADC's datasheet for further information.
Bit 4 and 2 of the configuration register are currently unused.
WiringPi::API, RPi::WiringPi, RPi::DHT11
Steve Bertrand, <steveb@cpan.org>
Copyright (C) 2017 by Steve Bertrand
This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself, either Perl version 5.22.2 or, at your option, any later version of Perl 5 you may have available.
To install RPi::ADC::ADS, copy and paste the appropriate command in to your terminal.
cpanm
cpanm RPi::ADC::ADS
CPAN shell
perl -MCPAN -e shell install RPi::ADC::ADS
For more information on module installation, please visit the detailed CPAN module installation guide.